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AAA2006
Week6-Lecture1-CivilRights_BlackPower.pptxCivil Rights and Black Power: Key Terms https://pollev.com/andrewhighsmith992
Long Civil Rights Movement
Brown v. Board of Education
Rosa Parks
Mendez v. Westminster
Juan Crow
Shelly v. Kraemer
Massive direct action
Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee
Ella Baker
Fannie Lou Hamer
Freedom Rides
Black Power
Black Panther Party
Small Group Activity
Come up with the name of 1 person, place, or event related to the history of the civil rights movement in the US. (1-2 minutes). Record answer on PollEverywhere.
Report back to class.
“The Short Civil Rights Movement”
1954—Brown v. Board of Education
1955—Montgomery Bus Boycott
1957—Little Rock School Desegregation Crisis
1960—Lunch Counter Sit-Ins
1961—Freedom Rides
1963—March on Washington
1964—Civil Rights Act; Mississippi Freedom Summer
1965—Voting Rights Act; Watts Riot (Los Angeles)
3
“High Court Bans Segregation,” 1954
4
Rosa Parks at the front of the bus, c. 1956
5
Police dogs attacking a peaceful protester in Birmingham, Alabama, 1963
6
Watts Riot (Los Angeles), 1965
7
Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. at the 1963 March on Washington
8
Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. in Apple’s “Think Different” advertising campaign
9
Key Point
The civil rights movement and the white backlash against it began long before the 1960s.
10
The Civil Rights Struggle during World War II
WW2 helped to launch wave of civil rights activism
A. Philip Randolph (on left) led March on Washington Movement for fair employment
June 1941: Executive Order 8802 bans employment discrimination in defense industries
11
“Up South”: Civil Rights in the North and West
Segregation not just a southern problem
Widespread housing discrimination
Segregation affected African Americans, Latinos, Asian Americans, and other groups
“Juan Crow”
12
Zoot Suit Riots (Los Angeles), 1943
13
Cold War, Civil Rights
Civil rights struggles of post-WW2 era were not new
World War II and Cold War opened up new opportunities for mobilization
Soviet officials criticized US government for racial inequality
Mendez v. Westminster (1947)
Shelley v. Kraemer (1948)
Important Points to Remember
Civil rights battles of 1950s and 60s were not new
Civil rights struggles were often multiracial in nature
Civil rights movement not confined to South
Up next: Centrality of women and youth in civil rights struggles
Linda Brown, ca. 1954
Claudette Colvin, ca. 1955
One of the Little Rock Nine students, ca. 1957
Ruby Bridges, ca. 1960
Rise of massive direct action in the 1960s
Major expansion of activist struggles
Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) led “sit-in” protests
Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) led “freedom rides”
Women and young people at heart of movement
Civil Rights in the Sixties
20
Diane Nash, ca. 1960
Ella Baker and Fannie Lou Hamer
Ella Baker (on left) was a founding member of the Student Non—Violent Coordinating Committee
Helped to launch the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party (MFDP)
Baker and MS activist Fannie Lou Hamer helped to change rules of Democratic Party to make it more inclusive
Fannie Lou Hamer speaking at the 1964 Democratic Convention:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=07PwNVCZCcY
White/Police Violence
Activists conducting voter registration repeatedly attacked
1963 murder of NAACP leader Medgar Evers
1963 attack on protesters in Birmingham, AL (“Bombingham”)
1965 attack on black marchers in Selma, AL (Bloody Selma)
Black Power
Rising frustrations over violence, slow pace of change
Dave Dennis speech
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zJm5kBS_sEM
Major urban disorders in mid/late 1960s (Watts, Detroit, other cities)
Stokely Carmichael popularized ”Black Power” slogan
Black Panther Party
