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Week 5- Diseases of the Blood (Anemia)

Week 5- Diseases of the Blood (Anemia)

Discussion Topic

Week 5- Diseases of the Blood (Anemia)

Discussion Topic

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Anemia is a condition whereby you cannot bind enough oxygen to adequately perfuse your body tissues. Select one of the anemic pathologies, below, and generate a post whereby your classmates can comment. You will also need to comment on two other posts to receive full credit. Regenerative anemia

Acute or chronic bleeding

Hemolytic anemia

Hereditary (hemoglobinopathy, enzymopathy, membrane-cytoskeletal defects)

Acquired (autoimmune, mechanical destruction, toxic-metabolic, drugs, infectious, PNH, hypersplenism)

Hypo-regenerative anemia

Bone marrow failure caused by stem cell pathology

Quantitative disorder

Selective: erythroblastopenia (pure red cell aplasia)

Global: aplastic anemia

Qualitative disorder (dysmyelopoiesis)

Inherited: hereditary dyserythropoiesis

Acquired: myelodysplasia

Bone marrow infiltration

Leukemia, lymphoma, multiple myeloma

Solid tumors

Myelofibrosis

Thesaurismosis (Gaucher disease)

Inflammatory chronic diseases, microorganisms (Histoplasma, HIV)

Drugs, hypothyroidism, uremia

Erythropoietic factors deficiency

Iron

IDA

ACD

Cobalamin and folate

Megaloblastic anemia

Hormones: erythropoietin, thyroid hormones, androgens, steroids

The discussions are a great way to learn and exchange information with others in the class.

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NEIL’S POST:

 Hemoglobinopathies are a type of anemia caused by problems with the gene that makes hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. When the gene has a problem, the hemoglobin made is not normal and can't carry oxygen, which causes anemia. Probably, the most well-known example of hemoglobinopathy is sickle cell anemia, which is very common in people with African ancestry.

 Enzymopathies are a type of anemia caused by a lack of certain enzymes. Enzymes are needed to make red blood cells. When there's a shortage of these enzymes, red blood cells can be abnormal, break easily, or be made too slowly, leading to anemia. One example is glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency. Some things like certain medicines, infections, and foods can trigger this type of anemia. One of the foods that can trigger this in people with G6PD deficiency is fava beans.

 Membrane-cytoskeletal defects are a type of anemia caused by problems with genes that help keep red blood cells the right shape. This can cause the red blood cells to be warped, which means they can't work right and causes anemia. An example is spherocytosis. Misshapen red blood cells can sometimes get stuck in small blood vessels, which can cause problems like pain, organ damage, or even death in severe cases. People with this type of anemia also have a higher chance of getting autoimmune diseases, where the body's own immune system attacks itself.

I was always under the impressive that anemia was just a lack of iron in the blood. After doing this research I learned that there are many types anemia. Some are genetic and some are triggered by certain substances. This has been an interesting topic.

MICHAEL’S POST:

We should all know by now that anemia is a condition associated with a decrease in red blood cells which can be problematic on its own. There is a condition known as  ACD, or Anemia of Chronic Disease, which I would like to explore a bit today. 

ACD is a common cause of anemia in people who are experiencing chronic inflammatory diseases, which can include autoimmune disorders like Ulcerative Colitis, Chron’s, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Lupus, various cancers, HIV/AIDS, Hepatitis B & Hepatitis C, and others. 

When it is caused by chronic diseases or disorders, ACD is rather mild and the symptoms can be overlooked. Some of the more common symptoms associated with ACD include tiredness, shortness of breath, paleness, and headache. I would assume that the reason it is determined to be rather mild and why symptoms can be easily missed is because many of the autoimmune disorders listed already cause those symptoms. 

ACD is diagnosed utilizing a test to confirm anemia in addition to the diagnosis of a chronic condition. The treatment is the same as it would be for anemia, blood transfusion, or hormone therapy, particularly Erythropoietin which is administered as a shot. Erythropoietin is already produced by the kidneys. Additionally, if the disorder that is causing the anemia is resolved, then the anemia caused by it will be improved, as well.  

I was not familiar with ACD before reading this. I knew, of course, that those chronic conditions could have complications that arise and that they could affect the individual's health in other ways. I just wasn't aware that anemia was such a common complication of them all. So common that it is labeled as its own type of anemia. 

 

Source: 

Anemia of chronic disease. (n.d.). Mount Sinai Health System. https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/diseases-conditions/anemia-of-chronic-disease 

FSS 223 Chemistry II -

Week Five: Discussion Forum

Week Five: Discussion Forum

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This forum is going to be a little bit different than the others we have done. It's kind of like the muddiest point but with a twist. I call this discussion "Ask the Professor".

I would like for YOU to pose a forum discussion question. What is unique to this discussion is that it is NOT a requirement that it come from the topic of chemistry - this is your chance to ask me a question about anything related to the funeral service education or industry. You can even ask a question regarding your other classes that maybe I can clarify for you. 

I would like for it to be a well put together, thought provoking question pertaining to funeral service, education, or even this class. I will let you know my thoughts on the questions you ask. Please provide at least paragraph describing your own thoughts on the topic, you will not receive all of your point. 

PLEASE, be creative!

When you are responding to 2 other students, please try and respond first to someone who has posted a question that does not have a response yet. If every question has a response then feel free to respond to anyone.

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