contemporary mental health
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week4current201819Chepworth.pptxCONTEMPORARY MENTAL HEALTH WEEK 4. MODELS OF MENTAL HEALTH
C. HEPWORTH 2018 19
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
LINKS TO:
L O 1 AND 2 (LINKS TO PART 2 OF ASSIGNMENT)
RECAP LAST WEEK
LIST THE SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF:
PTSD
DEPRESSION
SCHIZOPHRENIA
THIS WEEK…. 1. MODELS OF MENTAL HEALTH –BIO-MEDICAL MODELAND INTERVENTIONS AIM: TO CONSIDER THE DIFFERING APPROACHES TO MENTAL HEALTH AND HOW THIS INFLUENCES TREATMENT OBJECTIVES: CONSIDER THE BIOMEDICAL MODEL OUTLINE THE SOCIAL MODEL OF MENTLA HEALTH
MODELS
BIO-MEDICAL MODEL
MENTAL ILLNESS IS A DYSFUNCTION
LABELLED
LINKED PHYSIOLOGICAL PROBLEMS
CHEMICAL IMBALANCES IN THE BRAIN
“TREATED” BY MEDICAL INTERVENTION (MORE NEXT WEEK)
OUTCOME AND AIM IS TO ALLEVIATE THESE “CHEMICAL IMBALANCES”AND HELP CONTROL THUS CONTROL SYMPTOMS
THIS MODEL ALSO EMPHASISED BY DRUG COMPANIES
“IMBALANCES OF CERTAIN CHEMICALS IN THE BRAIN ARE THOUGHT TO LEAD TO SYSMPTOMS OF THE ILNESS.MEDICINE PLAYS A KEY ROLE INBALANCING THESE CHEMICALS” (DRUG COMPANY WEBSITE PFIZER 2006)
GLAXO-SMITH-KLEIN (2009) “PROZAC AND PRAZIL BALANCE YOUR BRAIN’S CHEMISTRY”
AMERICA PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION 1996
TREATMENT FOR SCHIZOPHRENIA WITH ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUGS “HELPS BRING BIOCHEMICAL IMBALANCES CLOSER TO NORMAL”
DISEASE CENTRE MODEL
MONCREIFF (2013) DESCRIBES THE DISEASE CENTRE MODEL IN MENTAL HEALTH (DERIVES FROM BIOMEDICAL MODEL)
DRUGS CORRECT ABNORMAL BRAIN STATE
DRUGS AS MEDICAL TREATMENT
THEY ARE EFFECTIVE
SIDE EFFECTS LESS IMPORTANT
TREATMENT ASSUMNES A DISEASE PROCESS
DRUGS MAKE THE BODY “NORMAL”
E.G. MANY ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUGS BLOCK THE ACTIONS OF DOPAMINE
BUT….
DRUGS INTOXIFY THE BRAIN (NOT JUST ALCOHOL)
NO EVIDENCE THEY WORK TO REVERSE DISEASE
DUBROVSKY ET AL 2001
NO EVIDENCE THAT DEPRESSION IS ASSOCIATED WITH ABNORMALITIES OF SEROTONIN OR NORADRENLAINE AS ONCE THROUGHT
DOPAMINE HYPOTHESIS IN SCHIZOPHRENIA “IS NOT CONLUSIVE” (MOORCREIF)
ELECTRO-CONVULSIVE THERAPY (ECT)
LINKED TO THE BIO-MEDICAL AND DISEASE MODEL OF MENTAL HEALTH
GIVEN UNDER GENERAL ANAESTHETIC
CAUSES A SEIZURE (DELIBERATELY)
THOUGHT TO CHANGE THE CHEMICAL IMBALANCE OF THE BRAIN ASSOCIATED WITH:
SEVERE DEPRESSION
SEVERE MANIA
POST NATAL DEPRESSION (MIND 2017)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9L2-B-aluCE
SIDE EFFECTS
MEMORY LOSS
APATHY
CONFUSION
INABILITY TO PROCESS INFORMATION
PSYCHOSURGERY
PREVALENT UP THE 1960’S
FRONTAL LOBE LOBOTOMY
TREATMENT NOT WORKING
? SOCIAL CONTROL??
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nJAaXttDIWA
USED IN THE PAST
INSULIN THERAPY FOR DEPRESSION
INDUCED HYPO (LOW BLOOD SUGAR)
What effect on a person can a label have??
TREATMENT….
STIGMA
GOFFMAN – READING…
STIGMA - A PSYCHIATRIST’S VIEW…. A TED TALK…(20 MINS)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WrbTbB9tTtA
RECAP
RECAP
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS
NEXT WEEK :
STRUCTURE OF MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES IN THE UK
REFERENCES
DUBOVSKY, S.l. ET AL (2001) “MOOD DISORDERS” IN: HALES,R.E. AND YUDOFSKY,S.C. 9EDS) TEXTBOK OF CLINICAL PSYCHIATRY .WASHINGTON D.C. AMERICAN PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION
MOORCREIFF, J (2013) THE BITTEREST PILLS. LONDON: PALGRAVE MACMILLAN
