1600 word min due 12/21. 4 Apa format scholarly sources

Week 3 assignment.

There are several measurement levels in statistics. A variable in this case of measurement level of statistics is the type of data in which its quantities change across different populations. Some of the variables include gender, age, among many other things that are not constant within a population. This level of measuring a variable will also decide the type of statistical method that can be used. Then there are the nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio scales; These are the scales defined as the four basic levels used in variable measurement and are mainly used to collect and capture data through questionnaires and even surveys.

For the variable of what type of house do you leave in, then the level of measurement of these cases is the nominal measurement level. Williams, T.A. (2020). This variable is a nominal measurement level because it has all the nominal scale characteristics of the nominal measurement level. What type of house is a direct question that requires a direct answer that does not require any quantitative value or order in any case. For someone to understand the nominal scale in a more efficient way, then a nominal scale is the first measurement level. The scale is mainly used to measure and even make labels for the variables into classifications that are not discrete and will not involve any quantitative value or quantitative order. The nominal scale is usually used in research with anything to do with direct questionnaires or even surveys. There are also some situations when the nominal scale might be used for classification purposes. These come when the numbers associated with variables of the nominal scale are only used for classification. The calculations that will be done on these numbers will be ineffective because they do not have any quantitative significance.

 

The highest level of education is a question that has to do with grading, and it is depicting the order of the education level of someone. This means that it falls under the ordinal scale. The ordinal scale is the scale that is usually defined as the scale or rather the variable measurement that is mostly used when it comes to depicting the order of various and different variables. It should be noted that the ordinal scale is not used for giving the difference between each of the variables like most people usually take the ordinal scale to be. The ordinal scale is almost the same as the nominal scale since it is not being used in displaying or representing any data that deals with mathematical figures.  Archer, K. J. (2020) The purpose of ordinal pain is to display most of something's degree. The frequency of something or even the satisfaction and happiness of someone on something. 

The ordinal scale is also seen as the scale that usually maintains the qualities that have to be described together with the inherent order. When someone asks about someone's education level, then that person will expect an answer to do with grading and not calculations since the question does not require any calculation. The question also basically means that there is a measuring of rank involved when answering the question. In which the ordinal scale not only measures the rank order but also assigns the values to the variables.

How many times have been arrested question falls under the ratio scale. This is a variable measurement that produces the order of the measured variables and the difference between the variables being measured. There is usually with the option zero being considered. When asked how many times you have been arrested, then the answer to that question might be zero hence falling under the ration scale because of option zero in its measurement.

 

Central tendency is the tendency of the values to have a variable random. The best or rather the appropriate variable for the central tendency out of the four variable levels is the interval scale. The interval scale is a numerical scale in which, in most cases, the order of the variables used in the interval scale is usually known. Also, the difference between the variables is usually known, and they are usually random. As it is evident, it is usually very easy for individuals to always remember this interval scale's primary role. As the name suggests, this interval scale has a primary role in measuring the interval entities between the two entities required to be measured. And that's what the interval scale mostly helps with.

The interval scale is the most effective scale to be used in the central tendency because of the simple fact that the interval scale opens doors for all the statistical analysis for the central tendency. Zhu, Q. (2020). The central trend can be provided information of mean, median, or mode depending on the statistics' case. The only disadvantage that might be witnessed when using the interval scale is that the interval scale has no pre-decided staring points. In other words, it does not have what is known as the zero value, which is very different from the ordinal scale, which considers the zero value.

This interval scale has all the similarities of the ordinal scale except for the true zero, which the interval scale does not have. Also, the interval scale's main feature is the intermediate difference that is brought out between objects. All the methods that are used for the interval scale and the ordinal scale. Away from those techniques that apply to the three of them is that it has got more analysis techniques, usually used mostly in the analysis of the interval data between two entities.

 

There are several correct measures of central tendency. For the first question, which was dealing with the nominal scale, it means that the correct measure of central tendency for the question is the fashion. The reason these falls under mode is that it is usually known as the most frequent score. It is also considered the most popular option. It is usually used in the categorical data where data that is intended to be known is in the most common category. The second question, which falls under the ordinal scale, falls under the median best measure for the central tendency. This is because the median is usually used in between when dealing with the normal distribution.

Then in the normal distribution, one of the data in it is usually non-normal hence promoting the median. The last issue was falling under the ratio scale. The central trend for the ratio scale comes in two ways and depends on two factors. The best central trend for the ratio scale can mean if the ratio is not skewed. D. A. (2020). At the same time, it can also be the median if the ratio is skewed. For this case, the mean can be the best method when the data distribution in the survey is continuous.

Based on the three variables' data, several conclusions can be made or drawn from the individuals who were doing or completing the survey. The first conclusion is that the individuals loved taking the direct questionnaires because of the simple fact that these questionnaires required direct answers and were not complicated when being answered. The questionnaires also did not require any mathematical calculations, making the survey easier for the individuals who were completing the survey. Finally, the survey conducted was a fair one, and the individuals doing the survey loved it, and they gave out honest answers. 

 

 

Reference 

Williams, T. A. (2020). Statistics for business and economics. Cengage Learning.

Fu, H., & Archer, K. J. (2020). High-dimensional variable selection for ordinal outcomes with error control. Briefings in Bioinformatics.

Zhu, Q. (2020). On improved confidence intervals for parameters of discrete distributions (Doctoral dissertation, University of Iowa).

Casper, W., Edwards, B. D., Wallace, J. C., Landis, R. S., & Fife, D. A. (2020). Select response anchors with equal intervals for summated rating scales—Journal of Applied Psychology, 105(4), 390.