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Bio 143 Week 3 Outlines and Reflection Page 1 of 1

Your Name: Shanae Hampton

Bio143 Week 3 Outlines (10 pts) and Reflection (15 pts)

Chapter 9: Cellular Reproduction

Chapter 12: DNA: The Molecule of Heredity

Outlines

Instructions: Write your outlines below. See the examples in Week 1 for formatting

Chapter 9 Cellular Reproduction

9.1 What Are the Functions of Cell Division?

9.1.1 The Genetic Material Is Replicated During Cell Division

9.1.2 Cell Division is Required for Growth, Development, and Repair of

Multicellular Organisms

9.1.3 Cell Division is Required for Sexual and Asexual Reproduction

Summary- Multicellular eukaryotic organisms grow. Cells are replaced. Reproduction of

cells occur.

9.2 What Happens During the Prokaryotic Cell Cycle?

Summary-Identical daughter cells will be produced. They are identical to one another and

the parent cells. Prokaryotic cells consist of a single, circular chromosome.

9.3 How is the DNA in Eukaryotic Cell Chromosome Organized?

9.3.1 The Eukaryotic Chromosome Consists of a Linear DNA Double Helix

Bound to Proteins

Summary-Eukaryotic cells consist of single DNA double helix and proteins that organize and

regulate the DNA.

9.4 What Happens During the Eukaryotic Cell Cycle?

9.4.1 The Eukaryotic Cell Cycle Consists of Interphase and Miotic Cell Division

9.4.2 During Interphase, a Cell Grows in Size, Replicates Its DNA, and Often

Differentiates

9.4.3 Miotic Cell Division Consists of Nuclear Division and Cytoplasmic

Division

Summary- Interphase and miotic cell division takes place. Cells grow during interphase.

Growth phase 1->DNA synthesis->Growth phase 2. Some cells differentiate and the re-enter

dividing stage. Some never divide again.

9.5 How Does Miotic Cell Division Produce Genetically Identical Daughter Cells

9.5.1 During Prophase, the Spindle Forms, the Nuclear Envelope Breaks-down,

and Condensed Chromosomes Are Captured by Spindle Microtubules

9.5.2 Microtubules Form the Spindle

9.5.3 The Nuclear Envelope Disintegrates, and Chromosomes Attach to the

Spindle

9.5.4 During Metaphase, the Chromosome Line Up Along the Equator of the Cell

9.5.5 During Anaphase, Sister Chromatids Separate and Are Pulled to Opposite

Poles of the Cell

9.5.6 During Telophase, a Nuclear Envelope Forms Around Each Group of

Chromosomes

9.5.7 During Cytokinesis, the Cytoplasm is Divided Between Two Daughter Cells

Summary- Chromosomes are replicated during S phase. Each replicated cell holds two identical DNA double helices. Eventually they separate.

Chapter 12-DNA: The Molecule of Heredity

12.1 What is the Structure of DNA?

12.1.2 DNA Is Composed of Four Nucleotides

12.1.3 DNA Is a Double Helix of Two Nucleotide Strands

12.1.4 Hydrogen Bonds Between Complementary Bases Hold Two DNA Strands

Together

Summary- DNA structure discovered by James Watson and Francis Crick. DNA consists of

nucleotides. Nucleotides consists of a phosphate group, five carbon sugar deoxyribose, and a

nitrogen containing base. Two nucleotides form a double helix. Sugar phosphate forms the sides.

12.2 How Does DNA Encode Genetic Information?

12.2.1 Genetic Information Is Encoded in the Sequence of Nucleotides

Summary- Genetic information is encoded as nucleotides in DNA molecule. DNA encodes

lots of genetic information in genomes.

12.3 How Does DNA Replication Ensure Genetic Constancy During Cell Division?

12.3.1 DNA Replication Produces Two DNA Double Helices, Each with One

Original Strand and One New Strand

Summary-Cells replicate DNA during reproduction. Each daughter cell receives exact,

identical information. New DNA double helices contain original genetic strand and one new

synthesized.

12.4 What Are Mutations, and How Do They Occur?

12.4.1 Accurate Replication, Proofreading, and DNA Repair Produce Almost

Error-Free DNA.

12.4.2 Toxic Chemicals, Radiation, or Occasional Mistakes During DNA

Replication May Cause Mutations

12.4.3 Mutations Range from Changes in Single Nucleotide Pairs to Movements

of Large Pieces of Chromosomes.

Summary-Mutations are changes in the DNA. Mutations occur when repair and

proofreading during reproduction does not fix any mistakes. Toxic materials, radiation damage,

genetics/hereditary are other causes.

Reflection

Instructions: Write your responses below in the green boxes.

NOTE: The green boxes will expand when you type to the end of them.

1. Questions. After reading Chapter 9 and 12, write one question from each chapter that you have about the information. Go to the Discussion Board for Week 3 and post one or both of your questions below.

Chapter 9 Question	Why did they do so much research on a stem cell?
Chapter 12 Question	Is a way to use reverse on a cell mutation?

2. Interesting Sections. Look at the Case Study, Science in Action, Health Watch, and Links to Everyday Life sections in each chapter. Pick ONLY one section from each chapter and in 3 sentences explain why that section was interesting to you.

	Why was this section interesting to you?
Chapter 9 Section	This was interesting because there were so many negative things about stem cells. Someone meaning the stem cells would repair the body.
Chapter 12 Section	This was interesting because some people did not know that animals appeared to be larger than other animals. I did not think that everyone would have a different cell count.

3. Design Perspective. Choose something in each chapter and explain in no more than 3 sentences how that information points to the designing work of a Creator. You will use these Design Perspective responses in your Critical Assignment, the Design Perspective Paper

	How does this information point to the designing work of a Creator?
Chapter 9	Cells divide and produce cell growth and development. The cell division helps the body in many ways.
Chapter 12	DNA was written a long time ago, and from what god said we were all created the way he wanted us to be.

Now submit this completed Outlines and Reflection Document to Blackboard to be graded.