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Running head: OCEAN POLLUTION 1

OCEAN POLLUTION 6

Other Forms of Ocean Pollution

Team 6

Annotated Bibliography

Barry, C. (2009). “Plastic Breaks Down in Ocean, After All — And Fast.” National Geographic Magazine. http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2009/08/090820-plastic-decomposes-oceans-seas.html

The author of this article focuses on explaining the various unknown dangers of plastic waste as chemical waste that is found in the oceans. Also, the author talks about the many effects of plastics on the marine life, as well as our own life. The author includes a description of the process and conclusions that were undertaken by a team of Japanese researchers. According to the article, seawater samples were collected by the team and later checked examined for pollution. The team later carried out a research that involved the decaying of plastic in a laboratory environment with the main aim of establishing the type of toxins it contained.

The samples in the water were then tested against the samples from the plastics that had been decomposed artificially (Barry, 2009). After the testing, the team came to a conclusion that apart from the plastic bags having the ability decomposes quickly, it also has the ability to emit various toxins into the water. The article employs solid opinions and research that come from some of the most respected scientists to draw its conclusions with regards to the impending threat of the everyday plastics that are also viewed as chemical polluters. The article has excellent information that I intend to apply to my research as I discuss the other forms of ocean pollution in the ocean.

Bubar, J. (2016). "Waves of Trash. (Cover Story)." Scholastic News -- Edition 5/6, vol. 84, no. 20, 11 EBSCOhost, search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=f5h&AN=114163464

This article is about the effects of waste on the ocean environment. The author, Joe Bubar begins the article by giving us a brief story about a sea lion that almost lost its life because of too much plastic in its habitat. According to the author, most of our inconsiderate waste is usually blown and washed away by storms and ends up in the oceans. After being washed into the ocean, the litter breaks into tiny pieces and clusters that form gigantic garbage patches (Bubar, 2016). According to the author, the formation of the garbage patches exposes the marine wild life to a major threat as most marine wild life ends up being trapped inside the garbage. Thus, the author is calling out on everyone to come out and act now against the manners before it is too late. The article is very useful as it helps to explain how trash reaches the ocean, the effects it has on the ocean’s creatures and its ecosystem and finally what happens to the trash when it is in the ocean. The article has enlightened me about the devastating effects of garbage patches in the ocean.

Parker, L. (2015). "Ocean Trash: 5.25 Trillion Pieces and Counting." pp. 1-8, https://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2015/01/150109-oceans-plastic-sea-trash-science-marine-debris/?_ga=2.55426472.2058815310.1520608945.

This article is an eye opener about the little knowledge that people truly have concerning the long-term effects that plastics have on our oceans. According to the author, much is still unknown about the type of chemicals that leech into the water, or even how the trash is digested by animals that eat it whenever the trash fragments breakdown. The author believes that science about ocean trash is still in its baby steps thus calculating the amount of trash in the ocean is still a lengthy and difficult process (Parker, 2015).

Parker states, knowledge about how much trash is contained in the ocean will help scientists in determining the amount of damage it does to the ocean. This article has no doubt taught me about how much trash we have in the ocean and also how much I still do not know. The article has taught a lot through calculated estimates and study of the type of harm that plastics have on the ocean. However, the degrades of plastics are still under research. Therefore, there is still no clear research on how bad the effects of plastics is and also there could also be other many effects that scientists are unaware of. According to the author, there are high chances of the effects increasing by the time the research is concluded.

"People and Oceans. (2005). " Diving into oceans,.EBSCOhost,search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=f5h&AN=16265364

The article starts with a brief history of the relationship of people and the oceans. It then goes ahead to talk about how people have polluted the oceans through run off, oil spills, sewage, and trash. According to the article, more and more things are added to the oceans as years go by thus limiting the opportunity for people to recover the oceans back to their glory. The article emphasizes on the need of spreading awareness and making improvements on the peoples’ way of life as a way of potentially continuing the good relationship that we have with the oceans and making more discoveries in the ocean (People and Oceans, 2005). In my opinion, “People and Oceans” will be a very useful source for successfully writing my research paper. Apart from discussing about how we and the future generations can advance from the ocean, the source also expounded more about how people have been harming the ocean.

"Ocean Pollution Briefs; Toxic Pollution. (2015). " SeaWeb - Ocean Briefing Book. Sea Web, n.d. Web.

The first thing that this article does is to describe to its readers what toxic pollution is and its potential effects on the marine environment. The article goes ahead to educate the readers about the cause of toxic pollution which turns about to be humans themselves. We are also told about how people have been creating toxic pollution and how it has ended up in the ocean. Solutions on how to deal with the issue of toxic pollution in the ocean are given (Ocean Pollution Briefs;Toxic Pollution, 2015). Overall, the article is a great source as it gives its readers a variety of facts concerning toxic waste and what it is, what affects it and how it is affected, its main cause, and the solution to the problem.

Hoppin, J. (2013). “Monterey Bay Litter Is Miles Deep, Says Study.” Huffington Post. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/06/06/monterey-bay-litter_n_3393794.html

The article has extensively used studies and interviews of researchers to draw conclusive arguments concerning the extent of the offshore deep-water ocean pollution. The author has used a study that was done by Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute as a reference for his arguments. The author has cited several studies that help in the explanation of the massive numbers of non-chemical waste that is found in the deep water of the bay canyons. The author has linked the carless nature of beachgoers and the popularity of bays to the non-chemical waste found in the deep waters. According to Hoppins, there is need for people to adapt reusable bags instead of using plastic grocery bags that are said to be making half of the plastic bags that are now consuming the floor of bays (Hoppin, 2013). Sources from the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute team have been extensively used by the author in the study. The article will be useful in my research as it contains a lot of discussion about ocean pollution that touches on the major offshore areas. The article also reveals how much the ocean is capable of hiding waste. Overall, the author has effectively demonstrated to the readers about the tremendous amounts of unseen pollution.

References

Barry, C. (2009). “Plastic Breaks Down in Ocean, After All — And Fast.” National Geographic Magazine. http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2009/08/090820-plastic-decomposes-oceans-seas.html

Bubar, J. (2016). "Waves of Trash. (Cover Story)." Scholastic News -- Edition 5/6, vol. 84, no. 20, 11 EBSCOhost, search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=f5h&AN=114163464

"People and Oceans. (2005). " Diving into oceans,.EBSCOhost,search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=f5h&AN=16265364

"Ocean Pollution Briefs; Toxic Pollution. (2015). " SeaWeb - Ocean Briefing Book. Sea Web, n.d. Web.

Hoppin, J. (2013). “Monterey Bay Litter Is Miles Deep, Says Study.” Huffington Post. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/06/06/monterey-bay-litter_n_3393794.html