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Week3_BtC_LocalSolutions-Bioregions.pptxLocal and Bioregional Solutions to Climate Change
Introduction
Keith Pezzoli, Ph.D.
Natural and Managed Ecosystem Solutions
Bending the Curve
Bending the Curve
Hello, my name is Keith Pezzoli. I am a professor in the Department of Communication at UC San Diego. I have the privilege of directing UC San Diego’s Urban Studies and Planning Program; and new Bioregional Center for Sustainability Science, Planning and Design. I also lead the UC Global Food Initiative’s Urban Agriculture and Food Disparities Research project, and the Superfund Research Center’s Community Engagement/Research Translation projects focused on creating food forests, soil, and green infrastructure to improve environmental public health. I am excited to share this lecture with you –including examples of locally rooted solutions to climate change that promote healthy placemaking by coupling human and natural systems in just and regenerative ways.
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Learning Objectives
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Bending the Curve
This lecture has four learning objectives, listed on this slide, which we’ll address in the following way:
First, we’ll set “local solutions” into a larger global and bioregional context. It is important to appreciate how globalization has been forcing a localization of economic activities and strategies to deal with climate change.
Second, we’ll define Green Infrastructure including how GI begins to value local ecosystems in important bioregional ways vital to climate change mitigation as well as adaptation.
Third, we’ll watch three brief videos that document examples of local solutions –namely trees, food forests, and efforts to make soil and produce energy using food and organic wastes.
Finally, we’ll discuss ways you can get actively involved with local solutions to climate change, or if you are already active –ways you can begin to connect the dots across otherwise disconnected approaches to climate change.
This lecture also addresses the learning objectives of the BtC course as a whole
Articulate a statement of personal and societal responsibility for environmental equity, ethics, and justice which can guide decisions and behaviors.
Identify some of the roles that individuals and groups can play in addressing climate change in one’s community; Identify opportunities for action within one’s community
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By the end of this lecture participants will be able to:
2. Define green infrastructure and how it is being used in local climate action plans.
3. Explain how trees and soil can increase carbon sequestration while also strengthening social and environmental justice.
4. Describe 3 ways you can personally contribute to climate change mitigation at a local level.
1. Explain localization and some of the global stresses giving rise to a bioregional transition.
List of Modules
MODULE 1
MODULE 2
MODULES 3-5
MODULE 6
Bending the Curve
This lecture is organized into 6 modules as seen on this slide; in this order:
Module 1 sets the stage for all the others: Globalization rolls off the tongue so naturally –, its generally understood, it’s happening. Localization on the other hand sounds a bit odd, what is localization, is it happening? Understanding the how and why of localization is vital to mitigating climate change –as well as adapting to climate change. We’ll distinguish how a bioregional approach, including Natural and Managed Ecosystem Solutions, differs from, and can complement other types of solutions covered in the course.
Module 2 introduces the concept of Green Infrastructure. GI is an example of what the National Science Foundation (NSF) calls CHANS, coupled human and natural systems. This kind of integrative approach is becoming an integral part of localizing climate action plans.
Modules 3, 4, and 5 outline local solutions. These three modules are in the form of videos focused on trees, food forests, and efforts to make soil and produce energy using food and organic wastes.
Module 6, points to on and off campus ways to get involved in local solutions. This last module highlights the importance of community-university collaboration including efforts to improve science-society relations and public reasoning concerning climate change.
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Trees; Food Forests; Food Waste, Energy and Soil
Green Infrastructure Ecosystems & Climate Action Plans
Opportunities to Make Change Happen
Localization & the Bioregional Transition
Localization and the Bioregional Transition
Module 1
Keith Pezzoli, Ph.D.
Natural and Managed Ecosystems
Bending the Curve
Bending the Curve
By the end of this module we want you to understand the concept and global megatrend drivers of “localization.” Localization is part of larger territorial shift in social, cultural, economic and ecological relationships that we call the bioregional transition.
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What’s Driving Localization?
Global demands and stresses on earth’s natural systems needed for human and non-human life are generating daunting risks, vulnerabilities and insecurity that spur localization.
Bending the Curve
This photo is a scene showing the devastation of the 9th Ward in New Orleans caused by Hurricane Katrina (Aug 2005). New Orleans is a low lying coastal city in Louisiana on the Mississippi River, near the Gulf of Mexico. I took the photo, standing there looking at this scene in disbelief, taken aback by the massive devastation.
Cities in low-lying coastal areas like New Orleans are especially vulnerable to climate disruption including more intense rainfall, larger and more powerfully destructive storms and floods. Many of the world’s major coastal cities with 10 million or more people are threatened by climate change the impacts of which could cause large flows of environmental refugees.
During a four day period in summer 2017, Hurricane Harvey dumped more than 40 inches of rain over parts of eastern Texas and nearby waters, causing catastrophic flooding that inundated thousands of homes, while displacing thousands of people. CNN reported at the time that Harvey was the wettest tropical cyclone on record in the contiguous United States.
But its not just the weather that is cause for concern –climate disruption is negatively impacting ecosystems that human as well as non-human species depend upon for survival. The EPA points to evidence suggesting that climate change may be altering biological events which could fundamentally transform terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems including food webs.
These cumulative risks and vulnerabilities are exacerbated by the widening gap between haves and have nots of the world (inequality). At the same time the demand for natural resources including food, water, soil and energy is on the rise.
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From 2010 to 2030
50%
50%
30%
ENERGY
FOOD
WATER
Percentage Increases in Global Demand for Food, Energy & Water (2010-2030)
The global human population is expected to increase by 20% ( from ~7bn to 8.3bn) over the same period.
Bending the Curve
Source of percentages: Source: http://www.theguardian.com/science/2009/mar/18/perfect-storm-john-beddington-energy-food-climate
The global surge in demand for food, energy and water -- and the stresses this is placing on social, economic, political and environmental systems, including soil -- has prompted the National Science Foundation (NSF) to support research on the Food-Energy-Water Security Trilemma. This trilemma links concerns about the global food security tightrope (i.e., the spread of large scale, factory farming that depends heavily on petrochemicals and a genetically narrow spectrum of food crops), fresh water shortages, and large scale energy grid vulnerabilities. This trilemma is spurring efforts to bolster the resilience and regenerative capacity of local systems that can provide more reliable sources of food, energy, and water (i.e., a process of localization).
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What is Localization?
Localization is a territorial process that includes place-based policies, plans and local activities that are creating circular, resource-conserving, waste minimizing and regenerative systems of production, consumption, distribution and exchange. There are now books written on localization (see image)
Bending the Curve
A circular economy is “a regenerative system in which resource input and waste, emission, and energy leakage are minimized by slowing, closing, and narrowing material and energy loops.” (The Ellen MacArthur Foundation, https://www.ellenmacarthurfoundation.org/circular-economy/overview/concept.
EXAMPLES of localization include:
alliances to create local circular economies;
new types of local serving businesses based on repair, reuse, refurbishing, recycling, composting
urban agriculture and food forestry, bioregional planning
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Bioregional Imagination
As a framework for action “bioregion is emerging as the most logical locus and scale for a sustainable, regenerative community to take root and to take place.” (Robert Thayer)
San Diego-Tijuana Transborder Bioregion
San Diego
Tijuana
Bending the Curve
As a framework for action, Robert Thayer argues that the concept “bioregion is emerging as the most logical locus and scale for a sustainable, regenerative community to take root and to take place.”
A bioregion’s boundary takes into account factors including climate, topography, flora, fauna, soil, and water together with the territory’s sociocultural characteristics, economy, and human settlement patterns. The image shown on this slide is our San Diego-Tijuana transborder bioregion, including the shared Tijuana River Watershed.
Exercising Bioregional Imagination can help us collectively envision:
A regenerative economy that integrates human-nature relations, equitably and justly, in the design and function of cities, towns, and markets that and locally rooted, human-scaled and healthy.
Bioregional Justice: Equity and fairness in how earth’s diverse bioregion’s –including nature’s sources and sinks needed for life and living—can and should be accessed, utilized, and sustainably conserved for current and future generations (on an intra-bioregional as well a trans-bioregional scale of exchange).
Source: Thayer, Robert L. 2003. Lifeplace : Bioregional Thought and Practice. Berkeley: University of California Press.
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Localization and the Bioregional Transition
The Bioregional Transition is a localization trend spurring greater integration of urban and rural life spaces, basic needs and activities in particular bounded territories (bioregions)
Thinking about localization from the larger perspective of a Bioregional Transition helps bring our understanding of cities into relationship with nearby rural areas, working landscapes, and wildlands. The bioregional transition narrative suggests innovative ways to approach carbon sequestration through agroforestry, carbon farming, building soil and green infrastructure that includes but also goes beyond the confines of the city. There is a newly emerging frontier in research on complex urban ecosystems that speaks to the concept/prospect of a “biological city” operated in the context of a healthy bioregion.
China is planning to create a brand new “Green City” two hours south of Beijing for more than 2.5 million people. A delegation of Chinese planners and government officials recently visited UC San Diego seeking guidance and professional connections to make the new city a world class exemplar of a "green, livable and modern urban area.“ Leaders of our Bioregional Center gave a special presentation to the visiting Chinese delegation in 2017. The scale of urbanization taking place in China is unprecedented. Now is the time in China, the USA and all around the world to incorporate a deeply biotic dimension, including living soil, into urban and bioregional planning.
The UN’s New Urban Planning Agenda, includes bioregional type commitments, made clear in the following two commitments adopted in 2016 at the UN Conference on Housing and Sustainable Urban Development (Habitat III) in Quito, Ecuador:
We commit ourselves to supporting local provision of goods and basic services and leveraging the proximity of resources, recognizing that heavy reliance on distant sources of energy, water, food and materials can pose sustainability challenges, including vulnerability to service supply disruptions, and that local provision can facilitate inhabitants’ access to resources.
We commit ourselves to long-term urban and territorial planning processes and spatial development practices that incorporate integrated water resources planning and management, considering the urban-rural continuum on the local and territorial scales and including the participation of relevant stakeholders and communities. http://habitat3.org/wp-content/uploads/NUA-English.pdf
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Green Infrastructure, Ecosystems & Climate Action Plans
Module 2
Keith Pezzoli, Ph.D.
Natural and Managed Ecosystems
Bending the Curve
Bending the Curve
In the developed world, discussions of climate change mitigation and adaptation tend to focus on technological solutions such as decarbonizing electric grids and regulating emissions of methane, black carbon, and so on. However, an often overlooked strategy for reaching greenhouse gas reduction targets involves plants, trees and soil –as well as ecological landscape design.
Since greenhouse gas emissions from land use changes involving plants, trees and soil rival emissions from the entire transport sector, trees and vegetation are essential to efforts to slow and adapt to climate change. Under the right circumstances, vegetation recovery and its carbon uptake occur quickly. Moreover, carbon uptake can be strongly affected by human management of forests; the right kinds of management can improve rates of recovery and carbon sequestration substantially. This module describes a biotic approach to climate change through green infrastructure with reference to ecosystems and climate change.
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What is Green Infrastructure?
“Green Infrastructure incorporates natural systems and functions - soil, plants, trees, and biota - into cities and settlements.” (Juli Beth Hinds).
There are many forms of Green Infrastructure. Composting systems are one of them; they transform food waste and other organics into soil
Bending the Curve
What is Green Infrastructure? Composting facilities are a form of GI. In the three bins shown in this image microorganisms are transforming food waste and other organic matter into soil. The soil is then used to enrich the site’s community garden and food forest.
Compost is being used to turn agricultural soils into a carbon sink. The world’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change acknowledges the value of carbon sequestration in soil by as one of the possible measures through which greenhouse gas emissions can be mitigated.
“GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE incorporates natural systems and functions - soil, plants, trees, and biota - into cities and settlements. Green infrastructure couples engineered and living components. Examples include vegetated “green walls” installed to help keep a building shaded and cool, managed urban forests, and restored or protected stream and wetland systems. In a true green infrastructure approach, living systems and their functions are honored and placed at the center of how we design and manage buildings, sites and healthy places.”
Source: Juli Beth Hinds, Green Infrastructure Specialist and Professor of Planning, UC San Diego Bioregional Center.
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A Green Infrastructure Case Study
Food forests
Soils
Green Infrastructure techniques can mimic, restore and enhance ecosystem services in climate friendly ways.
Downtown
San Diego
Food Forest
Bending the Curve
The image on the slide shows the Pueblo watershed in San Diego County California. The blue line is Cholla's Creek, it is one of the most polluted creeks in United States. Chollas Creek drains into San Diego Bay, one of the most polluted bays in the US. Chollas Creek and the San Diego Bay are contaminated in part due to the way urban development paves over the earth. Streets, parking lots, buildings cover the earth with impervious surfaces (reducing the porosity necessary for rainwater to seep into the earth). During storm events flooding is a major problem – – a problem likely to get worse in Southern California due to climate change. So a lot of effort is going into figuring out how to reclaim the Earth's capacity to absorb storm water.
The yellow dots are 810 vacant lots distributed throughout Southeast San Diego. We did a survey of these vacant lots as part of a research grant and determined that many of them would be very good sites for urban agriculture and installations of green infrastructure. There is a high demand in Southeast San Diego for places to grow fresh fruits and vegetables.
Community, academic, and other leaders are promoting legislative and regulatory changes to enable the use of vacant lots as community gardens, urban farms, food forests and green spaces. Urban forestry is now included as an important part of the city of San Diego's climate action plan. One of the aspirational goals in this work is to create what we are calling green infrastructure improvement districts. We have projects getting underway with the city of San Diego and Tijuana to use GIS as a way of locating the best sites for green infrastructure, including the use of vegetated bioswales for storm water management, and the strategic use of tree canopies, including food forests, for carbon sequestration and other benefits.
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Image
3 ways Green Infrastructure is used in Climate Action Plans
Install vegetated bioswales to prevent floods and harvest water
Create infrastructure for sequestering carbon in soil (composting)
Establish urban forests to sequester carbon
Bending the Curve
A UC San Diego student of Urban Studies and Planning conducted research during 2017 and found that all of the Climate Action Plans approved by cities within San Diego County mention trees and green infrastructure as means for dealing with climate change.
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Trees and Urban Forests
Module 3
Keith Pezzoli, Ph.D.
Natural and Managed Ecosystems
Bending the Curve
Bending the Curve
By removing carbon dioxide, trees help mitigate climate change. The shade provided by urban tree canopies can also help minimize the urban heat island effect. In addition, trees intercept stormwater, which can reduce flooding and improve water quality, and reduce air pollution, such as ozone, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, and fine particulate matter. https://landscape.itreetools.org
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Chris Johnson, Groundskeeper, UC San Diego. Tree Nursery
UC San Diego Students and Researchers in Rogers Forest
Tree Video
Bending the Curve
This module is a video narrated by Tricia Dutton, an undergraduate major in Communication. Tricia tells us how she got interested in trees and what she is discovering about trees as a local solution to climate change.
First a bit of context.
Global forests store about a trillion tons of carbon. Forests are the world’s largest terrestrial sink of carbon, comprising about 25% of the planetary carbon budget. This is roughly equivalent to the carbon sequestered, or kept out of the atmosphere, by the oceans. The UN Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) did a Global Forest Resources Assessment in 2015; it shows an “encouraging tendency towards a reduction in the rates of forest loss and carbon emissions from forests and increases in capacity for sustainable forest management.” While the rate of net forest loss worldwide has slowed significantly (roughly by 50% over the past 25 years) it is still the case that the extent of the world’s forests continues to decline.
Any attempt at carbon neutrality must have significant forest and landscape dimensions. Forests cover a large area of the planet, especially in comparison to the 3% of the Earth’s surface occupied by cities.
In the short term, carbon uptake by vegetation and storage in biotic systems is one of the most rapid and promising strategies for addressing emissions. (source: Chap 10 Bending the Curve Report).
The total amount of carbon stored in U.S. forests increased by 10 percent between 1990 and 2013. Over the past 25 years or more (since 1990 at least), U.S. forests have served as a net sink rather than a net source of carbon. Carbon storage in forest ecosystems offset approximately 11 percent of the nation’s greenhouse gas emissions in 2013 (U.S. EPA, 2015).
According to UC San Diego Urban Forest Management Plan, there are 230,000 trees on campus, mostly Eucalyptus (90%). The UCSD Tree Canopy covers covers 230 acres (12% of UCSD campus). These trees remove 21,250 tons of carbon from the atmosphere annually. Specific placing of trees to mitigate urban heating affect saves 34% of annual A/C costs and lowers parking lot temperatures by 3°F average. http://rmp-wapps.ucsd.edu/sustainability/FM/PDFs/UCSD_Urban_Forest_Management_Plan.pdf
Go to video
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Food Forests
Module 4
Keith Pezzoli, Ph.D.
Natural and Managed Ecosystems
Bending the Curve
Bending the Curve
Biota: The animal and plant life of a particular region, habitat, or geological period. https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/biota
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Food Forest Video
Work crew planting a food forest at the Ocean View Growing Grounds, Southeastern San Diego, August 2, 2016
Bending the Curve
This module is a video narrated by Zack Osborn, a recent alum of UC San Diego’s Department of Biochemistry and a leader of student researchers and volunteers active in Rogers community garden and food forest. Zack describes research that is underway in Rogers community garden and food forest, and how this research is shared with others off campus –including community based organizatons and residents building community gardens and food forests in Southeast San Diego (the Ocean View Growing Grounds).
Before going to the video, a bit of context
Some scientists have suggested that the biggest threat posed by climate change is to the breakdown of food systems. The localization of food systems, for instance urban agriculture and food forsests, offers a buffer against global food insecurity as well as carbon sequestration and many other benefits.
An Food Forest is a land management system that replicates a woodland or forest ecosystem using edible plants, trees, shrubs, annuals and perennials. Fruit and nut trees provide the forest canopy layer; lower growing trees and shrubs create an understory layer; and combinations of berry-producing shrubs, herbs and edible perennials and annuals make up the shrub and herbaceous layers. Other companions or beneficial plants, along with soil amendments, provide nitrogen and mulch, hold water in the soil, attract pollinators, and prevent erosion. By recreating the functions of a forest ecosystem, a Food Forest improves air, water, and soil as it creates habitat, harvestable food, and greenspace in the densest urban areas or campus environments. Trees, plants and soil stabilize nitrogen, reduce soil erosion and stormwater runoff, sequester carbon, and remove harmful pollutants. As urban green spaces, Food Forests reduce urban heat island effects and give residents a visual and physical respite from the impacts of urban living. Amended and re-planted soils produce a healthy soil microbiome, which supports more nutrient-dense foods and sequesters carbon. Pollinators, beneficial insects, and birds also find habitat in a Food Forest.
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Food Waste, Energy and Soil
Module 5
Keith Pezzoli, Ph.D.
Natural and Managed Ecosystems
Bending the Curve
Bending the Curve
Biota: The animal and plant life of a particular region, habitat, or geological period. https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/biota
San Diego Food System Alliance + Batra Ecological Strategies
How much net GHG reduction can be achieved through carbon farming in San Diego County?
California lawmakers are enlisting farmers’ help in pulling carbon dioxide out of the air and storing it in their soil.
California’s $7.5 million Healthy Soils initiative will pay farmers up to $50,000 if they adopt "carbon farming" practices, including applying compost on rangeland to increase carbon retention capacity. State officials say it could remove the equivalent of millions of tons of carbon dioxide a year. http://www.kpbs.org/news/2017/aug/14/california-hopes-farmers-healthy-soil-will-fight-c/
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Composting and Soil Video
Bending the Curve
The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations estimates that as much as one-third of all food produced for human consumption is lost or wasted as a result of supply chain inefficiencies (e.g., failure to harvest crops in time, damage to the food during processing or transport) and food waste (e.g., edible items discarded for a variety of reasons, such as imperfections in appearance, spoilage and too-large portions).248,249 The CO2 emitted in producing and distributing this food accounts for 10 percent of the global CO2 emissions. The magnitude of this problem suggests that much can be gained from establishing food waste reduction and recovery systems that maximize utilization of food resources while significantly reducing emissions of CO2 and methane. Most food waste ends up in landfills, where it off gases methane as it decomposes, making it one of the waste sector’s largest sources of GHG emissions.250,251 Food waste reduction has multiple benefits. It can mitigate climate change, reduce pressure on scarce natural resources, and make it easier to meet the rapidly rising demand for food.
One way to improve planetary biomass production as sink for carbon is to tap into food waste in ways that can sequester carbon in soil and plants. The IPCC has been generating reports with estimates of how much carbon can be sequestered via biomass and soil interventions. For instance, 1500 billion tons of carbon are stocked in soil organic matter, which is two times the amount of atmospheric CO2 [2], and 1.2 billion tons of carbon could be sequestered per year in agricultural soils [51].
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248 Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations. 2013. Food Wastage Footprint: Impacts on Natural Resources, Summary Report. Rome, Italy: FAO. fao.org/docrep/018/i3347e/ i3347e.pdf.
249 Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations. 2011. Global Food Losses and Waste. Extent, Causes and Prevention. Rome, Italy: FAO. fao.org/docrep/014/mb060e/mb060e00.pdf.
250 Hecht, S.B., K. Pezzoli, S. Saatchi, and W. Silver. 2016. “We Don’t Need to Invent Trees: Carbon in Woodlands: Equity, Spillovers, Speed and Landscape Dynamics From Wildlands to Cities.”In Bending the Curve: 10 Scalable Solutions for Carbon Neutrality and Climate Stability. Oakland, CA: University of California Press.
251 Kummu, M., H. de Moel, M. Porkka, S. Siebert, O. Varis, and P.J. Ward. 2012. “Lost Food, Wasted Resources: Global Food Supply Chain Losses and Their Impacts on Freshwater, Cropland, and Fertiliser Use.” Science of the Total Environment 438: 477–489.
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An Agenda for Change: Getting Involved
Module 6
Keith Pezzoli, Ph.D.
Natural and Managed Ecosystems
Bending the Curve
Bending the Curve
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Value rural places, working landscapes and wildlands
Integrate natural systems and the built environment
Democratize science, technology and communication systems in how we design, build and operate human settlements
Help steer the bioregional transition in ways that maximize equity and justice
Bending the Curve
Value rural places, working landscapes and wildlands in relation to urban and metropolitan areas and needs;
Integrate natural systems and the built environment—physically and aesthetically—such that life and livelihood are sustainably embedded (rooted) in a place’s landscapes, watersheds and ecosystem, literally and imaginatively; and
Democratize science, technology and communication systems in how we design, build and operate human settlements (for the benefit of human as well as non-human life forms)
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Priorities for action
Regenerate damaged natural ecosystems and restore soil organic carbon to improve natural sinks for carbon
Integrate payment for environmental services into local urban and rural economic systems. Establish Green Infrastructure Improvement Districts
Support urban agriculture, food forests and composting as means of managing carbon
Implement food waste reduction programs and energy recovery systems to maximize utilization of food produced and recover energy from food that is not consumed.
Bending the Curve
Regenerate damaged natural ecosystems and restore soil organic carbon to improve natural sinks for carbon (through afforestation, reducing deforestation and restoration of soil organic carbon). The potential for carbon mitigation from afforestation, reduced deforestation and restoration of soil organic carbon is about 8 to 12 gigatons per year.
Integrate payment for environmental services into global, national and local economic systems to support forest-dependent communities in sustaining forest ecosystems as an effective and rapid means of sequestering carbon and achieving carbon neutrality. This also will achieve co-benefits for biodiversity, hydrological cycles and soil development.
Support policies that reward complex agro-ecological systems rather than simplified tree crop systems. Half the world is still rural, and rural communities need to be part of the solution. This can be facilitated by reforming agrarian policy with a focus on managing carbon, which in many areas will involve natural forest management or agroforestry.
Implement food waste reduction programs and energy recovery systems to maximize utilization of food produced and recover energy from food that is not consumed. Globally, one-third of food produced is not eaten; in the United States 40 percent is not eaten. The CO2and other greenhouse gases emitted in producing this wasted food contribute 3.3 gigatons annually to emissions. And when food is thrown away, methane — which is about 80 times more potent than CO2 as a greenhouse gas — is released in landfills.
Global deployment of these measures has the potential to reduce 20 percent of the current 50 billion tons of emissions of CO2 and other greenhouse gases and, in addition, meet the recently approved sustainable development goals by creating wealth for the poorest 3 billion.
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Summary
Keith Pezzoli, Ph.D.
Natural and Managed Ecosystems
Bending the Curve
Bending the Curve
Biota: The animal and plant life of a particular region, habitat, or geological period. https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/biota
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Lecture Summary
Bending the Curve
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Globalization is giving rise to localization
Bioregional Imagination helps equitably guide localization; it envisions the just integration of urban-rural relations, and human and natural systems in rooted, place-based ways that are sustainable, regenerative, and climate friendly.
Lecture Summary
Bending the Curve
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Green Infrastructure can restore and enhance ecosystems providing carbon sequestration and other benefits
Creating Green Infrastructure is a local strategy for “Climate Action Plans”
Urban Forestry underutilized potential for biomass production & carbon sequestration
Improved management of forests and tree landscapes of all types is among the speediest “solutions” for bending the curve.
Lecture Summary
Bending the Curve
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Getting Involved
There are many types of local solutions that you lead or support
Turning food waste into energy and soil can significantly increase carbon sequestration
Purposeful Food Waste
Global Food Initiative
