MGT3002 WEEK 2 DISCUSSIONS AND PROJECT

Theories of Motivation

Maslow’s Theory of Motivation

Maslow stated that people are motivated to satisfy �ve basic needs which are arranged in a hierarchy of order. These basic needs are physiological (hunger, thirst,

and shelter), safety (security and protection), social (relatedness and belonging), esteem (recognition), and self-actualization (achieving our potential).

McGregor’s Theory X and Y

McGregor presented two theories about people, Theory X and Theory Y. A manager using the assumptions of Theory X views employees as inherently unwilling to

work and to take responsibility. Therefore, this manager believes that employees must be coerced, controlled, and punished to obtain maximum productivity. On the other hand, a manager using the assumptions of Theory Y believes that people are inherently motivated to work hard toward the goals of the organization, and

that they are willing to take responsibility and be self-directed.

Herzberg Two-Factor Theory

Herzberg built on Maslow's and McGregor's work in the development of his two-factor theory. He discovered that employees who feel good about their work and

are satis�ed in their jobs report factors such as recognition, achievement, and advancement as motivators. On the other hand, employees who feel dissatis�ed with

their jobs give reasons such as pay, working conditions, and poor supervision.

The ERG Theory

There are several contemporary theories that are supported by some degree of research evidence. For example, the Existence, Relatedness, Growth (ERG) theory is the result of Alderfer's work based on Maslow's theory. Alderfer identi�ed three sets of core needs: existence, relatedness, and growth.

McClelland’s Theory

McClelland's theory of needs has the strongest support from empirical evidence. This theory draws attention to three of the most signi�cant needs: achievement,

power, and af�liation.

Businesses with unmotivated employees often face low productivity and high turnover rates. Multiple theories help explain how workers are motivated and

provide suggestions for how to increase motivation in the workplace. Understanding which theory best �ts your employees may help improve your small business

by increasing employee retention rates and improving worker productivity.

Additional Materials

Discussing Theories of Motivation (media/week2/SUO_MGT3002%20W2%20L2.pdf?_&d2lSessionVal=jQ6qyiQpZQmbuyjpLDyEce2pF&ou=84100)