Top Three Takeaways

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Week1.2-IntrotoBIM.pdf

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Whats the BIM Idea?

Why does this happen?

Project Delivery Methods

▪ Traditional

Owner

Contractor Architect & Engineer

Sub. Sub. Sub. Sub.Sub.

Design-Bid-Build

Current Models

Planning Design Bid Construction Occupancy Design-Bid-Build

(Linear Process)

CM at Risk; Design-Build

(Collaborative Process)

Planning

Design

Construction

Occupancy

Current Construction Model

Concept & Design

Civil

Struc.

Mech.

Elec.Plumb.

Fire

Prot.

Arch.

Construction &

Operation

2-D Drawings & Specifications

Coordination / Quality

RFI

Uncoordinated Drawings = Multiple RFI’s

Why does this happen?

How the subcontractor

installed it

How the project was

Documented

How the owner

was billed

When it was delivered What the owner really wanted

How the owner

requested it

How the project manager

understood it

How the architect

designed it

What the contractor bid How the marketing team

described it

Current AEC Process

New Model

Planning Design Bid Construction Occupancy Design-Bid-Build

(Linear Process)

CM at Risk; Design-Build

(Collaborative Process)

Planning

Design

Construction

Occupancy

Planning

Design

Construction

Occupancy

CM at Risk; Design-Build

+ VDC/BIM

Technology-Enabled

Collaborative Process ( )

What Is BIM?

What is BIM?

Building

Information

Modeling

(BIM) Virtual Time Machine

Integrated Project Data

Data Sharing

Enhanced Visualization

Coordination

Collision Detection

Linked Parametric

Information

Process Collaboration

Interoperability

Digital

Intelligent

Object-Oriented

Data-Rich

... all based around the concept that BIM is a process of using technology

-- not just technology itself

There are so many definitions!

Building Information Modeling

▪ Software simulation of design, construction, and facility operation

▪ Virtual Construction - Building it twice – Once in the computer - Once in the field.

▪ Data-Rich Computer Model - Not just an electronic drawing tool.

▪ Object-Based (not just lines) Relational Database

▪ Intelligent ‘Drawings’: Data→ Physical and Functional Characteristics.

BIM =

BIM: Virtual Representations

▪ A BIM is a virtual representation of the physical and functional characteristics of a facility, for good or bad.

BIM: Virtual Representations

Construction Model with BIM

Relational

Database

Civil Struc.

Elec.

Construction &

Operation

Design, Documents, & Data (3-D, 4-D, 5-D)

Arch.

Facility

Mgmt.

Fire

Prot. Cost

Data

Mech.

Plumb. Concept & Design

Why does this happen?

How the subcontractor

installed it

How the project was

Documented

How the owner

was billed

When it was delivered What the owner really wanted

How the owner

requested it

How the design team modeled

What the owner visualized and

approved.

What the contractor bid How the marketing team

described it

AEC Process With BIM

Influence vs Cost Curve E

ff o

rt Typical ‘Value’ Engineering !

Strategy Design Construction Operation

25% 75%

L if

e cy

cl e

co st

Virtual Building Design Proposed Entry

Definitions/Terminology

(How to Speak BIM)

BIM Terminology

▪ Current state industry utilizes

▪ 2D construction document ▪ Definition: “2D refers to objects that are constructed

on two planes (X and Y, height and width, row and column, etc.)” (1)

▪ Advantages

▪ Standardized

▪ Easy to construct

▪ Dimensionable

▪ Disadvantages

▪ Difficult to visualize

▪ Requires interpretation

▪ Limited usage (2D)

2D (two-dimensional)

▪ Definition: “3D modeling refers to the creation of three-dimensional objects that are defined mathematically and geometrically”

▪ 3D (L X W X H) Project Geometry. Multiple Views

▪ Visualization & Design Assist

▪ Collision Detection & Coordination

▪ Constructibility Review

▪ Digital As-Built Record Documents

▪ Usually drawn the same way as 2D documents, so draftsmen can be productive -- just add the height dimension.

BIM Terminology

3D (three-dimensional)

▪ Size, location, and intelligent attributes of all objects.

▪ Objects may be linked to each other to form a spatial relationship.

▪ From this model, floor plans, sections, elevations, and details are derived within the same software platform.

▪ Models from different disciplines may be linked together to form a federated model.

BIM Terminology

3D (three-dimensional)

2D to 3D

2D AutoCAD Drawing: HVAC 3D Model: HVAC

3D printouts used by field workers

Definitions / Terms

2-D (L + W) in straight

projection

3-D Image showing

length, width, height

2-D CAD

3-D BIM

Mechanical / Plumbing / Sprinkler Model

Structural Model

Architectural Model

Compiled Multi-Discipline Model

3D- Visualization

Constructability / Code Approval

3D- Visualization

Definitions / Terms

(3D + Time) Model & Schedule Linked

• Coordinate complex sequencing & phasing issues

• Evaluate site logistics needs and work flow

• Discover hidden logic flaws in the schedule

4D (four-dimensional) TIME

4D BIM: 3D Model + Time

Definitions / Terms

QTO: Window Panel Schedule

Windows IsolatedWith Walls DisplayedWith Roof HiddenComposite Model

•Quantity Takeoffs

• Options Analysis

• Purchasing

5-D Model with quantity and cost data input and extracted.

▪ Each component in the model is tied to the Cost Estimate

5D (five-dimensional)

BIM Terminology

Embedded Knowledge

• Quantities of all materials

linked directly to databases

•Data-Rich Model enables

accurate quantity survey of

materials

• Cost implications of design

changes can be understood

in “real time”

5D Design Cost Analysis

Preconstruction – Version 1

5D BIM: 3D Model + Cost

Preconstruction – Version 2

5D BIM: 3D Model + Cost

Version 1 Version 2

Unit Unit Price Quantity Price Unit Price Quantity Price

Gross Footage sf 890,000 890,000

Exterior Wall sf 330,444 241,433

Brick sf 18.00$ 247,833 4,460,994.00$ 18.00$ 181,075 3,259,345.50$

Glass sf 75.00$ 82,611 6,195,825.00$ 75.00$ 60,358 4,526,868.75$

Total 10,656,819.00$ 7,786,214.25$

6D BIM: 3D Model + Asset Information

• As-built Drawings

• Operations & Maintenance Manuals

• Manufacturer #’s, Model #’s Serial #’s

• Warranty & Replacement Information

• Energy Usage/Cost Simulation

BIM Terminology

Animation

▪ Use of 3D images to illustrate movement and/or passage of time along user- defined path

BIM Terminology

Parametric ▪ Software objects that reflect the real-world behaviors and attributes

of construction materials, equipment, and assemblies.

▪ Objects possess characteristics of construction materials, equipment, and assemblies and the interrelationship and interaction between them.

▪ Consistent relationships between elements as the model is

manipulated.

BIM Terminology

Interoperability (as it relates to BIM)

• The ability of Data-Rich Models to share valuable data with each other, through either import or export.

BIM Terminology

Collaborative BIM ▪ Model is developed collaboratively with the owner,

design team, construction team, and others all contributing.

Non-collaborative BIM ▪ Model is not developed collaboratively, and the

construction team must develop its own model based on the information provided by the design team in construction documents. Contractor has greater control over information in model.

BIM Terminology

Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) ▪ Single Model = Integrated Design

▪ Collaborative approach that brings designers, engineers, construction managers, trade workers, suppliers, and fabricators together early in the project to facilitate decision making and optimize project results.

▪ Under IDP a single model is commonly used for spatial coordination.

▪ Highlighted by the opportunity to use a different contracting vehicle – shared risk/reward.

Traditional vs. Integrated

Traditional Project Delivery Integrated Project Delivery

Fragmented; Assembled on “just

as needed” basis; Strongly

hierarchical

Teams Composed of key project

stakeholders; Assembled early

in process; Open, collaborative

Linear; Distinct; Segregated Process Early contributions of

knowledge; Information openly

shared; Trust; Respect

Individually managed;

Transferred to greatest extent

possible

Risk Collectively managed;

Appropriately shared

Individually pursued; Minimum

effort for maximum returns

Compensation/Reward Team success tied to project

success; Value-based

Paper-based; 2D Communication/Technology Digitally-based; Virtual; BIM

Unilateral effort; Allocate and

transfer risk; No sharing

Agreements Encourage; Foster; Promote

and support multi-lateral open-

sharing and collaboration; Risk

sharing

BIM Terminology

Spatial Coordination

▪ Identification of physical interferences between objects or disciplines within the Model(s)

▪ Synonyms: Clash Detection,

Interference, Collision, Conflict,

Variance, Trade Coordination

Spatial Coordination

Designers or 3rd party 3D modelers

Subcontractors

Construction Phase

Architectural Design

Structural Design

Mechanical Shopdrawings

Plumbing Shopdrawings

Electrical Shopdrawings

Other Shopdrawings

Mechanical Model

Plumbing Model

Electrical Model

Other Model

Structural Model

Architectural Model

Consolidated Model

Clash ReportRevision of

Design

Coordination

Meeting

Automated

Clash Detection

Turner

Formalized Process

Short Feedback Cycles

Reliable Clash Check

Ensure Constructability

Harborview – Clash Report

Model Coordinator

Electrical Coordinator

Ductwork Coordinator

Fire Sprinkler Coordinator Mech Pipe Coordinator Plumbing Coordinator

MEP Manager

Spatial Coordination

▪ 2D Construction Doc’s

▪ 3D Model

▪ Construction Schedule

▪ Sequence Animation

▪ Marketing Model

▪ Cost Estimate

▪ Space Plan

▪ O&M Program

• 2D Construction Doc’s

created through 3D Model

• Construction Schedule

linked to 3D Model

• Cost Estimate extracted

from 3D Model

• Space Plan extracted from

3D Model

• O&M linked to 3D Model

Is It BIM?

NO YES

Case Study

Geospatial Engineering

BIM Benefits-Owners

SI Explorer: New Google Maps Interface

BIM & Facility

Management

3D Visual Models

BIM & Facility

Management

STRI

National Zoo

SERC

Coordination with Master Plans

BIM & Facility

Management

The New Meadowlands Stadium East Rutherford, NJ

Image Courtesy of Skanska USA Building, Inc.

Images Courtesy of Skanska USA Building, Inc. Participants

Owner – Jets + Giants – 99 year joint contract

GC – Skanska USA Building + Civil

Architect – Ewing Cole (Kansas City)

Structural Engineer – Thornton Tomasetti

Precast – High Concrete

Steel – CanAm Steel

The New Meadowlands Stadium East Rutherford, NJ

Statistics

Cost $1.3B

1.9M Square Feet

82,000 Seats

217 Box Seats

9,200 Club Seats

4x 40’x130’ Video Scoreboards

21,938 Tons of Steel

13,841 Steel Pieces

3200 Precast Pieces

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/5/5f/TRANSITPLAZA.jpg

Innovation Drivers

Delivery pressure due to aggressive sports schedule

Limited on-site storage

-Very Large Pieces

-“Just In Time” Delivery. Pick from truck and place into

structure

Need to coordinate production schedule across entire

supply chain

Quality control critical to erection schedule

Dave Campbell

Vice President, Corporate Director - SimCon

Skanska USA

Robust Production Management = Reliability

Internet

TabletPC with RFID Reader

Manufactured1

RFID Tag

2 Ready to ship

RFID Tag

Received on Site3 RFID Tag

Erected4

RFID Tag

VelaSystems Servers (Vela Hosting Facility)

Reports

Factory Jobsite

Building Information Model

Tag

Tracking Precast Components

RFID Reader

RFID Tag

Tag

Tag Scanning

Information Entry

Vela Systems

Sync Buttons

Building Information Model

Status

Information

Visual Reporting

Estimated cost and time benefit:

Gain of 10 days on project schedule @ $100,000/day

benefit = $1.0M savings

Meadowlands Benefits

Real-time supply chain information; visibility into

the status of pre-cast concrete components

Creating real-time communication and collaboration

between key stakeholders and suppliers

Increasing accuracy by eliminating cumbersome,

error-prone paper-based processes

Dave Campbell

Vice President, Corporate Director - SimCon

Skanska USA

The New Meadowlands Stadium East Rutherford, NJ

Image Courtesy of Skanska USA Building, Inc.

Residential BIM

The Next Big Thing!

Computational/Parametric Design

Reality Capture

Design to Fabrication

Labor Deliverables

Contracts Fee

Structures Risk

Rapid Prototype Printing

Field Mobility

Leverage of Mobile Apps

Data Driven Productivity

???

Profit Driven Analytics

Cloud Driven Transformations

http://www.bluebeam.com/