anthro western

Week06ArchwordsInca.pptx

Home >Biology homework help >Physiology homework help >anthro western

1/3/2016

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke

Week 06 Slides

Native American Influences on Architecture

Native American Contributions

to American English

The Inca – The Maya

(Weatherford chapters 12 – 14)

1/3/2016

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke

Week 06; Lecture 01

Last Updated 03 January, 2016

02 July, 2015 26 June, 2014

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke

Native American Influences on Architecture; Native American Words in American English; The Inca; The Maya

The learning objectives for week 06 are:

to discover some of the architectural contributions from Native Americans

to note some of the English words from Native American languages

to learn a few of the achievements of the Incas and pre-Inca peoples of the Andes

to learn a little about Maya astronomy and mathematics

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke

Native American Contributions to Architecture, American English; The Inca; The Maya

Terms you should know for week 06 are:

great room

hurricane

Canada (linguistic origin of)

Quipus

Nazca

Tikal–is one of the most important Maya cities and archaeological sites, now in Guatemala. It had up to 50,000 inhabitants in 600 AD.

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World: Dr. Richard W. Franke

Native American Contributions to Architecture, American English, Inca, Maya

Week 06 Sources:

Aveni, Anthony. 2000. Nasca: Eighth Wonder of the World? London: British Museum Press. Overview of 80 years of scientific and non-scientific attempts to explain the lines and drawings of Nazca.

Bauer, Brian S., and David S. P. Dearborn. 1995. Astronomy and Empire in the Ancient Andes: The Cultural Origins of Inca Sky Watching. Austin: University of Texas Press. An astrophysicist combines with an archaeologist to unravel the impressive level of Inca astronomical knowledge.

Hughes, J. Donald. 1999. Ripples in Clio’s Pond: Conservation in the Inca Empire. Capitalism, Nature, Socialism – A Journal of Socialist Ecology 10(4):69-76.

Moseley, Michael E. 1992. The Incas and Their Ancestors: The Archaeology of Peru. London. Thames and Hudson. Best overall introduction to the Incas and their ancestors.

Patterson, Tomas C. 1991. The Inca Empire: The Formation and Disintegration of a Pre-Capitalist State. New York: Berg. History and social structure of the Inca empire.

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World: Dr. Richard W. Franke

Native American Contributions to Architecture, American English, Inca, Maya

Week 06 Sources: -- Continued

O’Brien, Jane. 2015. Inca Road: The ancient highway that created an empire. BBC News Magazine, 02 July, 2015. Washington. http:// www.bbc.com/news/magazine-33291373

Weatherford, Jack. 1991. Native Roots: How the Indians Enriched America. New York: Fawcett Columbine. Pages 199–202.

Zuidema, R. Tom. 1990. Inca Civilization in Cuzco. Austin: University of Texas Press. Translated from the French by Jean-Jacques Decoster. Details of Inca astronomy, architecture, surveying knowledge, and their calendar.

Video

Peruvian Weaving—a Continuous Warp for 5,000 years. [Sprague Library Video #4010]. Archaeologists trace one of the oldest known textile processing traditions.

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke

Native American Architectural Contributions

The Stockade: Algonquian speaking Indians of Virginia taught settlers to build walls of posts with shart points. The Indian stockade was the prototype of the American military fort

The Sod House: White settlers in the American Plains copied the Native American pit houses or “earth lodges” that provide protection against tornados; can be cheaply insulated

Sod house today called “earth berm ” construction – widely used in environmental house building in cold North American climates – combines with “heat pump” to cut energy costs

This slide updated 29 December 2012

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke

Native American Architectural Contributions

The Plank House: on northern Pacific Coast. European settlers copied Native American rectangular house built above ground and with attractive woods such as redwood or cedar

Frank Lloyd Wright: used Native American building ideas such as

minimal interior walls,

free-flowing space;

led to idea of the “great room.”

This slide updated 29 December 2012

Weatherford page 226

1/3/2016

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke Native American Words in American English

canoe

moccasin

parka

pancho

toboggan

hammock

Arawak or Carib

Algonquian

Aleut

Auricanian/Mapuche

Micmac

Taino

1/3/2016

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke Native American Words in American English

cigar

tobacco

maracas

kayak

teepee

tomahawk

Mayan

Arawakan

Tupi

Eskimo

Dakota

Algonquian

1/3/2016

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke Native American Words in American English

Hurricane

Chinook

blizzard

Pogonip

Carib

Salish: moist warm wind, now also a type of helicopter

First known white use by Davy Crockett in 1834

Paiute: ice fog; common in far west of US

1/3/2016

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke Native American Words in American English

Quinine

Savanna

Hickory

Pecan

Potato

Tomato

Quechua

Taino

Quechua

Nahuatl (Aztec)

1/3/2016

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke Native American Words in American English

Avocado

Chocolate

Mangrove

Raccoon

Caucus

Barbecue

hootchy-kootchy

Punk

Nahuatl

Algonquian

Taino

Hochinoo (Alaskan group)

Delaware

Source: Weatherford, Jack. 1991. Native Roots: How the Indians Enriched America. New York: Fawcett Columbine. Pages 199–202.

1/3/2016

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke Native American State Names

1. Alabama

2. Alaska

3. Arizona

4. Arkansas

5. Connecticut

6. Dakota

Choctaw for panther-three-killed

Aleut for peninsula

Papago for small springs

Algonquian for long river

Dakota for friend

1/3/2016

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke Native American State Names

7. Hawaii

8. Idaho

9. Illinois

10. Iowa

11. Kansas

12. Kentucky

Hawaiian for homeland

The Illini people

Siouan for beautiful land

The Kansa People

Algonquian for dark and bloody ground

1/3/2016

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke Native American State Names

13. Massachusetts

14. Michigan

Minnesota

16. Missouri

17. Mississippi

18. Nebraska

The Massachusetts people

Ojibwa for great water

Siouan for waters that reflect the sky

Dakota for water flowing along

Algonquian for big river

Omaha for flat river

1/3/2016

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke Native American State Names

19. Ohio

20. Oklahoma

Oregon

22. Tennessee

23. Texas

24. Utah

Iroquoian for good river

Choctaw for red people

Algonquian for beautiful water

Cherokee name of a village

Caddoan for friend

The Ute people

1/3/2016

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke Native American State Names

25. Wisconsin

Wyoming

Delaware

Algonquian for place of the beaver

Algonquian for large prairie

Origin in dispute --

Delaware people, or from Lord De La Warr, a colonial official

1/3/2016

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke Native American State Names

Canada

Mexico

Iroquoian for village

Nahuatl for place of the Mexica (Aztecs)

Source: Weatherford, Jack. 1991. Native Roots: How the Indians Enriched America. New York. Fawcett Columbine. Pp.218–233 and Webster's 3rd International Dictionary.

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke Non Western Words in American English 2013 Update

If you like the study of word origins – etymology – wait for Week 11 Lecture 02 where there are many more examples and links to sites with lots of Non Western words in English.

Also Week 08 the Black Athena debate has examples of Ancient Egyptian and Ancient Hebrew words in English

This slide added 29 December, 2012

Source: Weatherford, Jack. 1991. Native Roots: How the Indians Enriched America. New York. Fawcett Columbine. Pp.218–233 and Webster's 3rd International Dictionary.

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke Non Western Words in American English 2014 Update: Navajo Code Talkers

A major cause of the U.S. military victory over the Japanese in World War 2 was a group of about 430 Navajo Native Americans who developed the only oral military code that has never been broken.

Navajo “code talkers” devised catchy phrases that – even if translated into words – could not be understood except by Navajo speakers. Because the Navajo language was understood by no one in Japan, this double-level code could not be broken.

Many Najavo code talkers worked right in the fox holes of battles – identifying enemy positions from the front lines. Many died.

Source:

http://www.nytimes.com/2014/06/06/us/chester-nez-dies-at-93-his-native-tongue-helped-to-win-a-war-of-words.html?module=Search&mabReward=relbias%3Ar&_ r=0

This slide added 21 June, 2014

Source: http://www.nytimes.com/2014/06/06/us/chester-nez-dies-at-93-his-native-tongue-helped-to-win-a-war-of-words.html?module=Search&mabReward=relbias%3Ar&_r=0

Ironically, the code talkers had been punished in white controlled schools prior to the war for speaking their own language – fortunately for U.S. forces, many had secretly kept their language alive.

Read more about this Native American contribution in the obituary of Chester Nez, one of the code talkers who died on June 4, 2014. The article includes examples of how the code worked. Click on the link below:

Source:

http://www.nytimes.com/2014/06/06/us/chester-nez-dies-at-93-his-native-tongue-helped-to-win-a-war-of-words.html?module=Search&mabReward=relbias%3Ar&_ r=0

This slide added 21 June, 2014

Source: http://www.nytimes.com/2014/06/06/us/chester-nez-dies-at-93-his-native-tongue-helped-to-win-a-war-of-words.html?module=Search&mabReward=relbias%3Ar&_r=0

See also:

http://navajocodetalkers.org /

This slide added 21 June, 2014

Source: http://www.nytimes.com/2014/06/06/us/chester-nez-dies-at-93-his-native-tongue-helped-to-win-a-war-of-words.html?module=Search&mabReward=relbias%3Ar&_r=0

1/3/2016

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke The Inca

Empire in 1531

1. Was probably the largest nation on earth at the time (larger than Ming China or the Ottoman Empire, the other two large empires of the time.)

2. Was the largest state ever created in the western hemisphere.

3. Was built on the second most difficult terrain on earth, after the Himalayas.

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke

The Inca

4. The Inca themselves called it Tahuantinsuyu, the "land of the four quarters." This referred both to administrative boundaries and to astronomical concepts.

5. Had a population of 10 million or more.

Source: Moseley, Michael E. 1992. The Incas and Their Ancestors: The Archaeology of Peru. London: Thames and Hudson. Pages 7–8.

This slide updated 29 December, 2012

Source: Moseley, Michael E. 1992. The Incas and Their Ancestors: The Archaeology of Peru. London: Thames and Hudson. Pages 7–8.

1/3/2016

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke

The Inca Capital of Cuzco in 1531

The city [was filed with]...spacious malls with sparkling fountains...paved avenues flanked by cut-rock palaces, villas, halls, temples, stone walls shimmering with brilliant hues of gold and silver, and shrines...The city was unbelievable [to the conquistadors] because there was nothing of comparable splendor in [Spain]...was home of Inti the Sun god whose temple of Coricancha was decorated with gold and precious stones.

1/3/2016

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke

The Inca

Roads

By the time of the Spanish conquest in 1532, Inca and pre-Inca peoples had constructed the world’s longest high quality road system. The Inca main roads ran through some of the world’s most difficult terrain for more than 5,000 miles, from Ecuador to Chile.

1/3/2016

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke

The Inca

Inca roads had tambos, or storehouses and inns, every 14 miles. Their system of chasquis, or runners, was faster than the US pony express. The Inca and their predecessors also built some of the world’s finest bridges.

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke 2014 Update: Inca Roads

As of 2014, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization’s World Heritage Committee has received a proposal from 6 South American countries for making several sections of the Inca road network a World Heritage Site. Read more about the road network and its historical significance –

Source: http://www.nytimes.com/2014/06/19/arts/design/protection-sought-for-vast-and-ancient-incan-road.html?module=Search&mabReward=relbias%3Ar%2C[%22RI%3A9%22%2C%22RI%3A17%22]&_ r=0

This slide added 26 June, 2014

Source

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke

The Inca

The total road length built by ancient Peruvians is at least 14,000 miles.

Source: Weatherford, Jack. 1988. Indian Givers: How the Indians of the Americas Transformed the World. New York: Fawcett Columbine. Pages 241–45.

The Inca called their network the the Qhapaq Ñan, or Main Andean Road.

To see the official UN site with details of the proposed 2014 heritage site stops, click here.

6/26/2014

This slide was updated 26 June, 2014

Source: Weatherford, Jack. 1988. Indian Givers: How the Indians of the Americas Transformed the World. New York: Fawcett Columbine. Pages 241–45.

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke The Inca: Forerunners of Sustainability?

Modern engineers are now studying Inca road building techniques to see why Inca roads are resisting the collapse experienced by many modern roads in the Andes area. For details about this recent discovery, click on the link below:

http :// www.bbc.com/news/magazine-33291373

7/2/2015

This slide added 02 July, 2015

1/3/2016

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke

The Inca

Canals

Inca and pre-Inca peoples built hundreds of miles of canals to an accuracy of ½ degree of incline and made many innovations such as wide versus narrow flows to control water speed. Western scientists did not equal pre-Inca surveying and building techniques until 800 years after the Peruvians built their canals.

1/3/2016

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke

The Inca

The Backstrap Loom

Inca and pre-Inca peoples invented one of the finest weaving devices ever. The quality of Peruvian weaving today is still among the best in the world.

1/3/2016

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke

The Inca

1/3/2016

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke

1/3/2016

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke

1/3/2016

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke

The Inca

Much of our knowledge of the Inca comes from drawings by Guamán Poma -- a Spanish-educated Inca who wrote a 1,200 page letter to the King of Spain in 1613

1/3/2016

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke

The Inca

Astronomy

Inca and pre-Inca peoples observed the movements of the sun and moon, and were familiar with several constellations and the movements of star systems through the night sky. Their astronomical knowledge is today being rediscovered by modern astronomers.

1/3/2016

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke

The Inca

Only world empire without writing

But did have a written mathematical system called “quipus”

1/3/2016

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke

The Inca

Quipus are knots

Different knots have different numerical values

1/3/2016

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke

The Inca

Allowing Inca to write small and large numbers

Able to calculate as well

1/3/2016

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke

The Inca

Now thought quipus used for tax calculation;

Also probably for calendar

Other uses?

1/3/2016

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke

Inca Quipus: 2016 Update

On 3 January, 2016 the New York Times reported on some new discoveries of the uses of quipus now understood to have possibly been part of a food storage or sales management system. Different colors may have referred to different food items. Click the link here or just below to read the article and see additional photos of quipus:

http://www.nytimes.com/2016/01/03/world/americas/untangling-an-accounting-tool-and-an-ancient-incan-mystery.html?ref=world&_ r=0

1/3/2016

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke

The Inca

The Inca capital city of Cuzco laid out in the shape of a giant puma.

Significance of this surveying design still not known.

1/3/2016

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke

The Inca

The Coricancha, or main temple was dedicated to the Sun.

The temple forms the tail of the puma.

1/3/2016

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke

The Inca

The Ceques of Cuzco

Several lines or “ceques” emanate from the Coricancha

The 41 or 42 ceques lead in straight lines to points on the hillsides above Cuzco.

1/3/2016

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke

The Inca

On these points, the Inca built stone pillars called gnomons by astronomers today. These gnomons apparently cast shadows from the sun during the day, or pointed to the location where star groups of particular religious significance to the Inca rose or set in the night sky.

Source: Bauer, Brian S. and David S. P. Dearborn. 1995. Astronomy and Empire in the Ancient Andes: The Cultural Origins of Inca Sky Watching. Austin. University of Texas Press.

1/3/2016

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke

The Inca

Inca called these small shrines “huacas”

Four of the ceques of Cuzco divided the Inca empire into four regions (suyus). Additional ceque lines subdivided the regions into smaller administrative zones.

1/3/2016

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke

The Inca

One major ceque line follows on the ground the exact path of the Milky Way. Inca astronomers had names for several stars and constellations and knew about the movements of the stars in the night sky at different times of year. It is likely the layout of Cuzco and the Coricancha had something to do with star patterns.

Source: Moseley, Michael E. 1992. The Incas and Their Ancestors: The Archaeology of Peru. London: Thames and Hudson. Pages 76–77.

1/3/2016

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke

The Inca Ceques: A Calendar?

The ceques emanating from the Coricancha line up with 328 huacas or sacred sites on the hills above Cuzco.

Colgate University Astronomy Professor Tony Aveni notes that 328 is the precise number of days in a 12-month lunar sidereal year.

1/3/2016

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke

The Inca: A Calendar?

A sidereal calendar uses the observation of when the moon appears and reappears against the backdrop of the same star pattern

1/3/2016

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke

The Inca: A Calendar?

It is possible the Inca used more than one kind of calendar

1/3/2016

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke

The Inca

We know the Inca – probably pre-Inca – cultures found the exact location of the equator

Shown here outside Quito Ecuador

1/3/2016

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke

Inca Solar Knowledge

Mapped shadows at various locations at

Solstice

Equinox

1/3/2016

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke

Studying the Sun

Equinox

The two days of the year when the sun passes the equator;

Night and day of equal length all over the earth

March 21 and Sept 23

1/3/2016

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke

Studying the Sun

Solstice

The two days of the year when the sun is at its greatest distance from the equator

Is about to turn back towards the equator

June 22 and Dec 22

1/3/2016

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke

Inca Solar Knowledge

Mapped shadows at various locations at

Solstice

Equinox

1/3/2016

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke

The Inca Empire: Organized Conservation?

The Inca Empire included a stretch of land 2,500 miles along the West coast of South America, encompassing a wide range of environments. Among the reasons to think the Inca instituted environmental protection as part of their rule:

1/3/2016

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke

The Inca Empire: Organized Conservation?

1. The Inca developed a vast system of storehouses, connected by the world’s greatest road system. The Spanish conquerors were amazed at the amount of goods in the storehouses – which they looted after the conquest.

1/3/2016

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke

The Inca Empire: Organized Conservation?

2. Inca set aside parts of their lands for widows, orphans, the handicapped, and soldiers.

Inca thus did not have problem of dispossessed degrading environment to make a living

1/3/2016

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke

The Inca Empire: Organized Conservation?

3. Inca agriculture involved extensive terracing that was consciously understood as a means of protecting the soil. Inca had specialist engineers to design terraces and irrigation canals.

1/3/2016

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke

The Inca Empire: Organized Conservation?

4. The Inca understood and practiced agroforestry:

in areas such as around Lake Maracocha they reforested areas that had become barren.

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke

The Inca Empire: Organized Conservation?

5. Inca protected certain species of animals such as sea birds and regulated the hunting of many animals.

Only predators such as foxes and wild cats could be hunted without restriction.

Source: Hughes, J. Donald. 1999. Ripples in Clio’s Pond: Conservation in the Inca Empire. Capitalism, Nature, Socialism – A Journal of Socialist Ecology 10(4):69-76.

This slide updated 29 December, 2012

Source: Hughes, J. Donald. 1999. Ripples in Clio’s Pond: Conservation in the Inca Empire. Capitalism, Nature, Socialism – A Journal of Socialist Ecology 10(4):69-76.

1/3/2016

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke

Inca and Pre-Inca Basics

1. Chan Chan

Pre-Inca capital of the Chimu culture that flourished in the northern Peruvian desert between 1,000 and 1,400 AD. At its height in 1250 AD, Chan Chan had over 30,000 inhabitants.

1/3/2016

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke

Inca and Pre-Inca Basics

2. Pacatnamu

A religious complex near Chan Chan; also possibly the name of a Chimu military leader.

3. Nazca

A pre-Inca culture of the Ica Valley in southern Peru. It flourished between 250 and 750 AD. The Nazca developed a unique pottery style and laid out and built the famous lines and geoglyphs of Nazca.

Next lecture in pdf.

Next lecture in powerpoint

1/3/2016

Montclair State University Department of Anthropology Anth 140: Non Western Contributions to the Western World Dr. Richard W. Franke

End of Week06 Slides on:

Native American words in American English

US state names in Native American Languages

Inca