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Week_4_LectureSlides_EnvironmentalJusticeEnvironmentalRacism_Winter2023.pdf

Mini-Lecture Uneven Distribution,

Environmental (In)Justice & Environmental Racism

oEnvironmental Justice (EJ) is the fair treatment and meaningful involvement of all people regardless of race, color, national origin, or income with respect to the development, implementation and enforcement of environmental laws, regulations and policies.

oFair treatment means no group of people should bear a disproportionate share of the negative environmental consequences resulting from industrial, governmental and commercial operations or policies.

2 Sides to Environmental (In)justice

The uneven distribution of environmental harms and the uneven

development of environmental goods in which low-income

residents and communities of color are disproportionally

exposed to environmental hazards while also being prevented

from benefiting from environmental amenities.

Disamenity Amenity

Local Unwanted Land Uses (LULUs)

oRefineries

oWaste Disposal Facilities/Dumps

oChemical Facilities/Factories

o Incineration Facilities

oPower Plants

Neighborhood Pollution: Air

Neighborhood Pollution: Soil

• Pesticides

• Petroleum

• Radon

• Asbestos

• Lead

• Chromated Copper

Neighborhood Pollution: Water

• Lead

• Per- and Polyfluorinated Alkyl Substances (PFAS)

• Methane, Ethane and Propane

Pollution Impacts on Human Health

• Higher rates of cancer

• Higher rates of asthma

• Higher rate of heart disease

• Higher rates of diabetes

• Lower life expectancy

Environmental Goods

oFresh Air

oHealthy Well Cared for Parks

oOpen Green Spaces

oGardens

oClean Water & Waterways

Charismatic Animals

Endangered Animals

Charismatic Landscapes

Biodiversity & The Strength of Diversity oThe variety of life in the world

or in a particular habitat or ecosystem.

oEcosystem diversity boosts the availability of oxygen via the process of photosynthesis amongst plant organisms domiciled in the habitat. ... A lack of diversity in the ecosystem produces an opposite result.

The Environmental Justice Movement

o1st Report to comprehensively document the presence of hazardous wastes in racial and ethnic communities with the US.

oCommunities with the greatest number of commercial hazardous waste facilities have the highest composition of racial and ethnic residents.

Environmental Racism

“Without a doubt, racism influences the

likely hood of exposure to environmental and

health risks and the accessibility to health

care. Racism provides whites of all class

levels with an ‘edge’ in gaining access to a

healthy physical environment. This has been

documented again and again.”

(Bullard, 1999)

Environmental Justice As a broad set of concerns, has focused on the relationship between marginalized groups and issues...

oElitism of mainstream environmentalism

oThe biased nature of environmental policy

oThe limited participation of nonwhites in environmental affairs

oDisproportionate exposure of nonwhites and low-income residents to pollution

(Pulido, 1996)

Environment is “the Place You Work, Live, and Play”

oFactories

oFarms

oPlants

oBuildings

Environment is “the Place You Work, Live, and Play”

oCities

oSuburbs

oRural

Environment is “the Place You Work, Live, and Play”

oParks, Playgrounds & Recreation

Areas

oCommunity Gardens

oOpen Space

oTraditional Lands

Environmental Justice & Housing “America is segregated and so is pollution. Race and class still matter and map closely with pollution, unequal protection, and vulnerability. Today, zip code is still the most potent predictor of an individual’s health and well-being.”

https://drrobertbullard.com

Distributive vs Procedural Justices

Distributive Justice

Distributive justice is essential to the search for environmental justice because it requires a fair equitable distribution of society’s technological and environmental risks and impacts.

(K. Shrader-Frechette, 2002)

Procedural Justices

Procedural justice is concerned with making and implementing decisions according to fair processes. People feel affirmed if the procedures that are adopted treat them with respect and dignity, making it easier to accept even outcomes they do not like.

(Morton Deutsch, 2002)

Flint, Michigan

Cannon Ball, North Dakota

Central Valley, CA

TAR HEEL, NORTH CAROLINA

Environmental Justice Issues are

Environmental Issues The Climate Has Changed

FLORA FAUNA FOLKS