envierment
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WaterCycle2022-Live.pptxNews
https:// www.accuweather.com/en/hurricane/accuweather-forecasters-monitoring-2-areas-of-interest-in-tropical-atlantic/1246153
https:// www.nytimes.com/2022/09/14/climate/patagonia-climate-philanthropy-chouinard.html?campaign_id=60&emc=edit_na_20220914&instance_id=0&nl=breaking-news&ref=headline®i_id=97460005&segment_id=106297&user_id=677a94e331a8f51e5d6ca487583569cd
https://www.boston.com/news/environment/2022/09/14/to-save-whales-dont-eat-lobster-watchdog-group-says/? p1=hp_featurebox
https:// www.ifaw.org/international/press-releases/german-shipping-association-recommends-re-routing-ships-to-save-endangered-whales
https:// www.gcamerica.org/scholarships
https:// umb.joinhandshake.com/events/1105786/share_preview
Go Carbon Neutral (MOS)
Add new news
What is this?
Animal
Plant
Mineral
Bacteria
Fungus
Solutions
I) Removal of sludge
II) Improvement of sewage system (secondary)
III) Relocation of outfall
IV) Fix CSOs
Sediment Quality
Ampelisca (Amphipod)
Deer Island Sewage Treatment Plant
Primary-Physical (particles and floatables)
Secondary-Biological (organic matter)
Tertiary-Chemical (nutrients)
IV) Fix Combined Sewer Overflows
Old sewer pipes hold both storm water and raw sewage
Release of raw sewage during big storms
93% of remaining CSO’s receive treatment
SOUTH DORCHESTER BAY SEWER SEPARATION
Year Completed: 2007 Cost: $118,394,583
Installed 135,700 linear feet (25.7 miles) of storm drain to remove stormwater runoff from local sewers serving a 1,750-acre area in Dorchester. Closed all CSO regulators, allowing decommissioning of MWRA’s Fox Point and Commercial Point CSO facilities.
Water Quality Benefit(s) Eliminated CSO discharges to Savin Hill, Malibu and Tenean beaches, in compliance with Class B water quality standards at outfalls
Frequency of Discharge Before project: 20 (treated) With project: 0
Annual Discharge Volume:
Before project: 30 million gallons
With project: 0 gallons (discharges eliminated)
Case Study
Interdisciplinary
Mankind Environment
Land Ocean
Boston Harbor
$4.8 billion
Largest estuarine recovery project in the world
Boston College – Jeffery Howe, 1996
Exceedance Probability Maps
The Water Cycle
Circulation of water among the sea, atmosphere, and land
Water is IMPORTANT!
What makes water so unique?
Found in all three states (phases) on Earth
Water has unusually high melting and boiling points.
Universal Solvent
Hydrogen bonding
Maximum density at 4
Ice floats
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UukRgqzk-KE
High thermal conductivity
Removes heat when wet
High surface tension
Main point: water is unique
High MP and Low mp -> h-bond
Thermal conductivity -> highest (other than metals)
the rate at which energy is transferred down a temperature gradient
why ice is less dense than water model
30 sec to 3 min
silicon,germanium,gallium,arsenic and bismuth all float on their liquids
13 sec 150 sec
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=las1GTJG5IM
Breakout Groups: Where can people get water? (What are different sources of drinkable water?)
Where does that water come from?
How might that water be limited?
How might that water be contaminated?
How much is that water worth?
How much rain does Massachusetts get per year? (Zoom Poll)
1” per year
10” per year
25” per year
40” per year
365” per year
What is the difference between flows and storages?
Mass balance equation:
Inflow – outflow = change in storage
Main point: mass balance
Within globe… not globe
Why do rivers flow when it hasn’t rained?
Holistic Approach – all water interrelated
River
Flow
Groundwater
Runoff
River Flow =
Surface Runoff +
Baseflow
Flashy
Variable
Regulated
Stable
Less Variable
Main point: rivers flow from rain and ground water
=
Porosity
Permeability
VS
Ability to hold water
Ability to transmit water
Size, Shape, Interconnectedness
Porosity
Permeability
Some rocks have high porosity, but low permeability!!
Porosity is the amount of pores between spaces – size, shape sorting
Permeability is allowing water to move though rock (amount of time to flow) – are pore space connected and what size are the pore space
Groundwater Demonstration
Water-Review
Water is unique
Water is a greenhouse gas
Water Cycle
Supplies Drinking Water
Agriculture
Watersheds
Groundwater
Week 3 Assignment-Your Watershed Address
What is your Watershed Address? Where does the water that falls around where you live flow to? What river, pond, or coastal area? Where is the boundary of the area where rain will all flow to the same water body? You can describe in words or show in a map...that is converted to a pdf.
Your watershed (address)
Print a map (google earth, topo map, street map, etc) of your home and delineate your watershed.
1) Name common water body to which all rain drops will flow to.
2) Draw the boundary of that area (highest points)
3) Indicate the location of your house
Watershed (Drainage Basin)
Topographic Divides
Neponset River
Charles River
