Wine & Bar Essay
Razovic
w6.pdf
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Major White Wine Grapes
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At the end of this topic, students will be able to:
§ Understand the white wine vinification technic
§ Understand the different maturation methods
§ Acknowledge the main white wine grape varieties
§ Get an understanding of the different white wine
grapes aromatic and tasting elements
Learning Outcome
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1) Malolactic fermentation § softens harsh acids § dairy (butter, cream)
Winemaking Techniques
2) Lees contact (dead yeast cells)
§ savoury flavours (bread, yeast)
§ creamy texture
3) Oak ageing § wood (toast, vanilla, nuts) § Taste depends on the
burn ratio and if the barrel was new or already used
§ Alternatives to the Oak barrel are oak staves and oak chips
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§ The most neutral grape variety § Can grow in a range of soils and
climates § Produces a wide range of styles from
light to full bodied wine § Characteristics and acidity varies with
climate & maturity § Winemaking techniques influence
characteristics § Usually it is consumed dry § Used in the making of sparkling wines § Can aged very well § Develop with time some nuts aroma
and mushroom
Chardonnay
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Moderate Climate & Maturity § citrus fruit
§ stone fruit (white peach) § tropical fruit (mango)
Hot Climate & Full Maturity § tropical fruit (banana, pineapple,
peach, mango, fig)
Cool Climate or Less Mature § high acidity
§ floral § green fruit (apple, pear) § citrus fruit (lemon) § vegetable (cucumber) § mineral (lime stone)
Chardonnay Smell & Taste
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§ Semillon § other local varieties
Chardonnay in Blends
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France Chardonnay
Champagne
Burgundy
Pays d’Oc IGP
FRANCE
SPAIN
ITALY
GERMANY
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Burgundy § Chablis § Côte de Beaune
§ Meursault § Puligny-Montrachet
§ Mâconnais § Pouilly-Fuissé
Chablis
Best French Chardonnay Region
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Chardonnay World Map
Oregon
California
Chile and Argentina
South Africa Australia & New Zealand
All Europe & France
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Los Carneros
Californian Chardonnay
Sonoma County
San Francisco
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Chile & Argentinian Chardonnay
Casablanca Valley
Mendoza
CHILE
ARGENTINA
Central Valley
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South Africa Chardonnay
Walker Bay
WESTERN CAPE Cape Town
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Margaret River
Australian Chardonnay
Yarra Valley & Tasmanie
Adelaide Hills SOUTH EASTERN AUSTRALIA
Sydney
Melbourne
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New Zealand Chardonnay
Marlborough
North Island
South Island
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§ Cool to moderate climate
§ High in acidity § Aromatic grape variety § Generally drink dry and single
grape, except when blended with Semillon for sweet wines.
§ Light to medium body
§ Famous white wine from Loire Valley with Sancerre or in NZ with Marlborough
§ Generally best drunk young § Generally not oaked
Sauvignon Blanc
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§ citrus fruit (lemon, lime, grapefruit) § green fruit (gooseberry)
§ stone fruit (peach) § tropical fruit (passion fruit)
Sauvignon Blanc Smell & Taste
§ mineral § herbaceous (grass) § vegetable (green pepper,
asparagus)
less ripe - maturity
most ripe – full maturity
§ floral (elderflower)
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Sauvignon Blanc World Map
Washington St.
California
Chile Casablanca Central Valley
South Africa
New Zealand
France
Australia
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France Sauvignon Blanc
Loire Valley
Bordeaux
Pays d’Oc IGP
FRANCE
Sancerre
Pouilly-Fumé
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South Africa Sauvignon Blanc
Elgin
WESTERN CAPE
Constantia
Cape Town
Walker Bay
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Margaret River
Australian Sauvignon Blanc
Yarra Valley & Tasmanie
Adelaide Hills SOUTH EASTERN AUSTRALIA
Sydney
Melbourne
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New Zealand Sauvignon Blanc
Marlborough
North Island
South Island
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§ Cool or moderate climate
§ Aromatic grape variety § Naturally high acidity § Made in range of styles § Fruity flavours that vary according
to the degree of ripeness § React well to Noble Rot § Can be dry or sweet (ripe) § Can age well
§ Usually not oaked § Must adjustment to balance sweet
with acidity § Fermentation interruption
Riesling
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Full Maturity and Ripe § petrol-like aromas
§ toast, honey, smoke § dry grape, dry apricot
Less Ripe & Maturity § floral
§ green fruit (green apple, pear, grape)
§ citrus fruit (lemon, lime)
Flavors of Riesling
Moderate Maturity § citrus fruit § stone fruit (white peach, apricot)
§ tropical fruit (pineapple, mango)
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Riesling World Map
France
Australia
Germany & AustriaOregon
California NY
Chile
Casablanca
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Riesling in Europe
Rheingau
Pfalz
GERMANY
Alsace
Mosel
FRANCE
AUSTRIA
ITALY
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Australia Riesling
Clare Valley
SOUTH EASTERN AUSTRALIA
Eden Valley
Melbourne
Sydney
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Chenin Blanc Characteristics
§ Climate Polyvalence from cool to hot climate (famous in Loire Valley from Vouvray and South Africa in Western Cape)
§ High to Medium acidity § Medium-bodied § React well to Noble Rot
§ Dry or sweet § Citrus fruit, tropical fruit § Oak in South Africa, mainly not oak in
Loire Valley § Can age well
§ Large-volume inexpensive wines § Can be not blend but if blended
normally it is with Chardonnay
Less Ripe Grape
Riped Grape
Raisins juste mûrs
Raisins surmûris
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Chenin Blanc In France
Vouvray AC § Loire Valley (France)
§ Cool climate § Dry to sweet, high acidity, medium-bodied § Citrus fruit (lemon), green fruit (apple),
tropical fruit (pineapple), herbaceous (leaf) § Un-oaked
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Viognier Characteristics
§ Grow best in a tempered climate § Soft, medium to full-bodied, aromatic
wines
§ Low acidity, high % of alcohol § Usually consumed dry § Middle to full body, oaked or not oaked § Pure or blended § Delicate fruit and floral flavours (peach,
pear, apricot, violet), spicy notes § Oaked or not oaked maturation § best examples in Northern Rhône
Valley § Southern France, Chile, Argentina,
Australia and California
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Gewurztraminer Characteristics
§ Aromatic grape, intensely perfumed and aromatic
§ Low acidity, high alcohol, full-bodied
§ Large variety of styles (dry to sweet) § Green fruit (grape), floral (rose, orange blossom),
stone fruit (peach), tropical fruit (lychee), sweet spice (ginger)
§ Best consumed young and fresh but can age well § At maturity develop some honey, nut smell &
taste § Mostly famous in Alsace France, but New
Zealand also produced premium Gewurztraminer § Usually not oaked § Must adjustment to balance sweet with acidity § Fermentation interruption
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Look , Smell, Taste & Enjoy It!
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