Sports Science(Quality work, no plagarism, A+)

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Running head: BIBLIOGRAPHY

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

ASSIGNMENT WK 3

Assignment Instructions

Using the annotated bibliography you developed in week 2, write a review of the literature on the research topic the class selected( Ethical Issues in Sports) and the problem statement and the hypothesis you developed in Forum 3c.  You are encouraged to include more references in your review than you had in your week 2 assignment annotated bibliography. References may come from our forum discussion of sources, or new searches you have completed.

Formatting Guidelines for Review of the Literature

No more than 4 pages and no less than 2 pages

Double spaced

Times New Roman font

12 font

1" margin all the way around

Reference list (minimum of five references, APA Format)--remember your references must be from scholarly and/or primary sources (the textbook is considered neither).

Your assignment will be graded based on the attached rubric.

Supporting Materials

  Assignment Rubric.pdf   (99 KB)

  https://youtu.be/2IUZWZX4OGI   (1 KB)

  https://youtu.be/UoYpyY9n9YQ   (1 KB)

Submission

**** 3C Forum/ my previous assignment****

 The research problem is the link between concussions and the physical and mental heath in youth and children participating in sports.

2. Hypotheses

a) What is the frequency of concussions among youth and children who play sports and what are the reporting rates?

b)  How are concussions diagnosed and treated and are they perceived based on the mental and physical health of athletes?

c) What are incidence rates of children and youth who suffer concussions in regards to serious physical injury and depressive moods including other mental disorders?

3. Survey questions

In order to ask the right survey questions and obtain the right answers it is important to first seek the informed consent of some youth and children who are active in sports particularly those keen on seeking sports scholarships to college. This requires the presence of their parents especially for those under the age of 18 years. The survey questions entail:

a) How often are you called regarding your child’s injuries and how often is it treated as a concussion?

b) How long after your child is treated of concussion does he or she resume to play in sports

c) Have you noticed any strange behavior or physical state in your child ever since they were diagnosed and treated of concussion?

*****Annotated Bibliography*******

Braunstein, Nadine. (2012). “Ethical Issues for Students.” Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 112.8: 1253–1254. Web.

Ethical issues, such as dishonesty, plagiarism, and confidentiality, are regularly faced by nutrition/dietetics students as well as by their professors and preceptors. The Code of Ethics for the Profession of Dietetics provides a roadmap to evaluate ethical situations that occur, and applies to student members of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics (Academy) as well as to practitioners. Dietetics students and dietetics interns are exposed to the Code of Ethics for the Profession of Dietetics as a requirement of all programs accredited by the Accreditation Council for Education in Nutrition and Dietetics. It has been found that ethical behaviors demonstrated as a student correlate with later behaviors as a professional. Here, four brief scenarios demonstrating situations nutrition and dietetics students may experience that can be evaluated using the Code of Ethics for the Profession of Dietetics are presented.

Caron, Jeffrey, and Bloom, Gordon. (2015). “Ethical Issues Surrounding Concussions and Player Safety in Professional Ice Hockey.” Neuroethics 8.1: 5–13. Web.

Concussions in professional sports have received increased attention, which is partly attributable to evidence that found concussion incidence rates were much higher than previously thought (Echlin et al. Journal of Neurosurgical Focus 29:1–10, 2010). Further to this, professional hockey players articulated how their concussion symptoms affected their professional careers, interpersonal relationships, and qualities of life (Caron et al. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology 35:168–179, 2013). Researchers are beginning to associate multiple/repeated concussions with Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE), a structural brain injury that is characterized by tau protein deposits in distinct areas of the brain (McKee et al. Brain 136:43–64, 2013). Taken together, concussions impact many people in the sporting community from current and former professional athletes and their families to medical and health professionals and researchers.

Greenfield, Bruce H, West, Charles Robert, and Greenfield, Bruce H. (2012). “Ethical Issues in Sports Medicine: a Review and Justification for Ethical Decision Making and Reasoning.” Sports health 4.6: 475–479. Web.

Ethical issues present a challenge for health care professionals working with athletes of sports teams. Health care professionals—including the team physician, the physical therapist, and the athletic trainer—are faced with the challenge of returning an athlete to competition as quickly as possible but as safely as possible. Conflicts of interest arise due to conflicting obligations of the team physician to the athlete and other members of the sports organization, including coaches and the team owner. The multiple stakeholders involved in sports teams challenge the traditional notion of confidentiality and autonomy. The aims of this article are to explicate the ethics of sports medicine, highlight the ethical issues, and provide some strategies and suggestions for ethical decision making.

Hums, Mary, Barr, Carol, and Gullion, Laurie. (1999). “The Ethical Issues Confronting Managers in the Sport Industry.” Journal of Business Ethics 20.1: 51–66. Web.

The sport industry is an extremely diverse industry, including segments such as professional sport, intercollegiate athletics, health and fitness, recreational sport and facility management. The industry is currently experiencing rapid growth and development, and as it grows, sport managers in the different segments encounter ethical issues which are often unique to each segment. The professional sport, intercollegiate athletics, health and fitness, recreational sport and facility management segments of the sport industry are examined and the various ethical issues facing managers in each of these segments are discussed.

Helm, Janet. “Ethical and Legal Issues Related to Blogging and Social Media. (2013).” Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 113.5: 688–690. Web.

Dietetics practitioners are increasingly turning to the Internet--using blogs and other forms of social media--to educate the public, promote products or services, and build a professional brand. The fundamental principles of honesty, integrity, and fairness outlined in the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics/Commission on Dietetic Registration Code of Ethics for the Profession of Dietetics apply to all forms of marketing and communications, including blogging and social media. Here, Helm discusses ethical and legal issues related to blogging and social media.

Hums, Mary, Barr, Carol, and Gullion, Laurie. (1999). “The Ethical Issues Confronting Managers in the Sport Industry.” Journal of Business Ethics 20.1: 51–66. Web.

The sport industry is an extremely diverse industry, including segments such as professional sport, intercollegiate athletics, health and fitness, recreational sport and facility management. The industry is currently experiencing rapid growth and development, and as it grows, sport managers in the different segments encounter ethical issues which are often unique to each segment. The professional sport, intercollegiate athletics, health and fitness, recreational sport and facility management segments of the sport industry are examined and the various ethical issues facing managers in each of these segments are discussed.

Lewandowska, Aleksandra and Leźnicki, Marcin. (2016). “Doping w Sporcie Jako Problem Etyczno-Społeczny = Doping in Sport as a Problem Ethical and Social.” Journal of Education, Health and Sport 6.7: 548–555. Web.

The article presents the issues of doping in sport used in the context of possible social consequences associated with its use, as well as at the level of biomedical related to the rapid development of biomedical technologies in area of human  body enhancement. In addition to the analysis of quality issues "sport enhancement" in the perspective of bioethical resolving, in the text refers to statistics showing the use of doping in sport, in terms both time as well as spatial.

Mccalla, Sandra, and Shepherd, Neil. (2014). “MORAL/ETHICAL ANALYSIS OF PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENT IN SPORTS.” International Journal of Arts & Sciences 7.4: 371–381. Web.

From as early as human memory can go, individuals in various cultures have engaged in various recreational and competitive activities. It is from these recreational, entertainment and competition activities that more organized and structured competitive games and sports were developed. The foundation of these competitive sports hinges on fairness and honesty but these ethical concepts are not always upheld. It is with this in mind that this paper seeks to offer a philosophical investigation into the use of performance enhancing drugs in competitive sports with a focus on the importance of ethics and fair play. We believe that the existing system of banning performance enhancement drugs and punishing athletes caught using same may be warranted in order to maintain the integrity of sports. In a quest to respond to the issues raised on fairness, our discussions will focus on an ethical framework. From this ethical perspective, we combine Jeremy Bentham's Utilitarian theory with Kant's Deontology theory to show how a combination of both theories can provide one possible response to the ethical actions of athletes in respect to the use of performance enhancers. We argue for a form of 'self duty' that all athletes should have to the ethical rules as is applied to honesty and integrity.

Mcnamee, Michael, Partridge, Bradley, and Anderson, Lynley. (2015) “Concussion in Sport: Conceptual and Ethical Issues.” Kinesiology Review 4.2: 190–202. Web.

The issue of concussion in sport is a matter of global public interest that is currently under dispute by educational, legal, and medical professionals and scientists. In this article we discuss the problem from philosophical, bioethical, and sports ethical perspectives. We articulate conceptual differences in approaches to definition and therefore diagnosis of concussion. We critically review similarities and differences in the leading consensus statements that guide the treatment of concussion diagnosis and treatment in sports. We then present a series of ethical problems including issues that relate to paternalistic intervention in the lives of athletes in order to prevent harm to athletes, conflicting and competing interests, and confidentiality.

Polly, Dianne. “Avoiding Ethical and Legal Issues in Practice Settings. (2013).” Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 113.12: n. pag. Web.

Dietetics practitioners encounter many ethical and legal gray areas in professional practice every day. These issues may include patient-related decisions, appropriate business practices, or relationships with professionals, customers, and employees. In today's litigious world, with expanding and changing practices in both institutional and private practice setting, many professionals are experiencing an increase in ethical conflicts and greater exposure to legal action than ever before. And, unfortunately, sometimes making the wrong decision can have long-lasting and significant negative consequences for their lives and careers. Here, Polly discusses avoiding ethical and legal issues in practice settings.