Wine & Bar Essay
Razovic
w10.pdf
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Fortified Wines
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Learning Outcomes & Objectives
At the end of the present topic, student will be able to:
• To know the origins and the differences between fortified
wines and sweet wines
• To understand the making of sweet and fortifies wines.
• To cover the understanding of some terms as Solera, Flor &
Fino, Mutage...
• To enumerate the name of the major VD, VDN & VDL brands.
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Sweet Wines Making Technics
Sweet Wines
• Mature and ripe grapes naturally high level of Sugar call VD (Vin Doux)
• Regularly late harvest
• Botrytis, Passerilage, Ice Wine technics
• Brand Name ??
Fortified Wines
• Are considered as VDN (Vin doux Naturel)
• Fermentation is stopped by the addition of a wine spirits
• Alc% starts above 15%
• Dry or Sweet • Most known for
Sherry and Port Wines.
• Brand Name??
Vermouth
• Are considered as VDL (Vin de Liqueur)
• Addition of wine spirits to the must
• Brand Name??
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Wine Sweetness
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Port Wines
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Port Wines Introduction
• From the Douro Valley in the north of Portugal.
• Mainly red, but also small quantities of white and more recently rose.
• Local grapes like Touriga Nacional, Tinta Barroca & Tinta Cão.
• Naturally sweet through the VDN process.
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Early Shipping
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Port Production Areas
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Port Wine Types
3 Categories • Ruby Port – aged for 3 years.
• Tawny Port – aged a minimum of 6 years in oak casks.
• Vintage Port – the most exclusive. Declared after two years in oak if the quality is determined very high.
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Making of Port
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Port Wine in Bref
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Sherry Wines
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Sherry Wines Introduction
• Fortified wine from Jerez de la Frontera in the region of Andalucia in south of Spain.
• Dry to sweet and pale to dark.
• Two main types: Fino & Oloroso.
• Originally always dry for Fino Jerez.
• Spirits added after to the wine for oxydative maturation.
• Particular system for blending and maturation.
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What is Sherry Wines
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Spain Wine’s Regions
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The Sherry Triangle: •Jerez de la Frontera
•Puerto de Santa María •Sanlucar de Barrameda
•Region’s three most important winemaking
towns
•Region’s best vineyards found within triangle
Jerez Production’s Area
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Sherry – Grape Varieties
Palomino
Pedro Ximenes
Moscatel
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Sherry - Types
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Sherry – 2 Types of Ageing
Biological Ageing Flor (bacteria) forms and grow naturally on top of Fino sherry and prevents oxidation. Fino is very dry and pale in colour. At 15° of alcohol the wine keeps its flor
Oxidative Ageing When the flor process is « unsuccessful », spirit is added to prevent further fermentation. Oloroso is darker (due to oxidation) in colour and stronger in alcohol. Richer in taste and a bit « Nutty ». Without the flor the wine is exposed to oxidation, at 17° of alcohol the wine loses the flor.
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The Flor in Fino Wines
The Flor
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Sherry Infographic
© WSET 2016
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Sherry – Storing & Blending
The Solera System New wine in top barrels
Transfer
Ready for sale, drawn off the bottom row. (max 1/3)
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Sherry – Solera Method I
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Sherry – Solera Method II
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Solera System
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Sherry Wines & Food Pairing
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