Topics: 1, 2, 3, 4

Chocolate!

What is the name of your favorite kind in the chat bar!

Sorry!!!!!

I am sure I made you hungry!!

You’ll see, it was all for a good cause!

Today, you will write the introduction and conclusion for to your research paper!

A research paper typically includes these sections:

• Introduction

• Literature review

• Discussion

• Conclusion

You have written these parts of your research paper:

• Introduction

• Literature review

• Discussion

• Conclusion

Today you will write

• Introduction

• Literature review

• Discussion

• Conclusion

Introduction

• Opening Sentence – Grab the attention of your reader

– Make them want to read more!

Sentences in between

• Closing Sentence – Thesis Statement*

– States your stance/recommendation for your reader (the rest of the paper will literally expand on this one sentence – you’ll see!)

SO… BACK to chocolate!

SO… BACK to chocolate!

Sorry!!!

A little-known fact…

According to Forbes (2020), Americans consume an average of 11 pounds of chocolate per person per year.

According to Forbes (2020), Americans consume an average of 11 pounds of chocolate per person per year.

Did you know that?!

(By the way, there are resources about the

Opening Sentence on page 6a of your Final Mission

Packet! Flip to it!)

Can you find all the elements of an opening sentence here?

According to Forbes (2020), Americans consume an average of 11 pounds of chocolate per person per year.

Hint: here are the elements:

• a surprising, disturbing, little-known, or wonderful fact

• a statistic

• an in-text citation

Wait!

I’m still struggling with this!

In-text citations!

In-text citations need

Who wrote it When

Two ways to cite: (p. 33-38 in manual)

author names are part of the sentence (narrative format)

author names and date of publication are not part of the sentence

(parenthetical format)

Remember….

Who wrote it When

Examples

One Author Research by Smith (2004) found… Recent research (Smith, 2004) found…

Two Authors Research by Wager and Petty (1994) found...

Paraphrased material (Wager & Petty, 1994).

Which way of citing is used here?

According to Forbes (2020), Americans consume an average of 11 pounds of chocolate per person per year.

Now YOU write an opening sentence on YOUR topic.

This will open your research paper!

• Activity on p. 6a.

Expect to spend 20-40 minutes on this one sentence!!! Surprising, but true!!

Break time!

Please read the top of p. 7 in your Final Mission Packet

What is a thesis statement?

The Thesis Statement:

Justifying Your Stance Based on

Research

The thesis statement

Is the driving force of your paper based on

research

Contains no opinions or generic and broad

advice

Contains your stance on the topic based on

research.

The Thesis Statement:

Justifying Your Stance Based on

Research

The thesis statement

Is the driving force of your paper based on

research

Contains no opinions or generic and broad

advice

Contains your stance on the topic based on

research.

The Thesis Statement:

Justifying Your Stance Based on

Research

The thesis statement

Is the driving force of your paper based on

research

Contains no opinions or generic and broad

advice

Contains your stance on the topic based on

research.

The Thesis Statement:

Justifying Your Stance Based on

Research

The thesis statement

Is the driving force of your paper based on

research

Contains no opinions or generic and broad

advice

Contains your stance on the topic based on

research.

General Formula

topic +

your stance on the topic + how your stance is supported by research

(citation) = your thesis statement

General Formula

Topic (problem) +

General Formula

Topic (problem) +

research+

General Formula

Topic (problem) +

research+

Recommendation based on research

(citation) =

General Formula

Topic (problem) +

research+ Recommendation based on research

(citation) = your thesis statement

Now, Let’s write YOURS on YOUR topic! Page 7a.

Expect to spend 25 -45 minutes on this. This is a hard one, because it is the outline to your paper!!!

See sample on

pp 7

Take a BREATH!!!

Where in the Opening

Paragraph does the

thesis statement go?

Where in the Opening Paragraph

does it go?

It’s the LAST sentence of the Opening Paragraph

(and helps you to organize your paper!)

Now, you have the two “BOOKENDS!”

Your opening sentence

Now, you have the two “BOOKENDS!”

Your opening sentence

Your thesis statement

and

Green = Opening sentence meant to grab reader’s attention

Red = Sentences in between that are needed to transition from Green to Blue

Blue = Recommendation based on research

Food fraud has been identified in multiple communities, and in some cases there is a rise in this fraudulent behavior with the increase in different needs regarding food types (Northern District of Iowa, 2019this s). Food fraud refers to the deliberate alteration of food, related ingredients, or packaging, as well as the creation of false or deceptive assertions about a product in order to profit financially (Spink & Moyer, 2011, as cited in Levy, 2020). This fraud can cause damage to consumers’ health, or can affect entire supply chains (Northern District of Iowa, 2019). Food fraud has been found in the research and in (popular press/relevant journals) to be a threat to public health as well as to the economy. Due to food fraud’s threats to segments of business as well as communities, government and food, organizations should install more efficient legislature such as (name of policy with citation) to oversee and regulate the food chains operated by independent providers such as farmers and sole proprietors.

Please write your

opening paragraph in color!

• Start with your opening sentence

• Have red sentences in the middle

• End with your thesis statement

Conclusion Paragraph

• Most students overthink this but think of it like a mirror image of your introduction paragraph.

So…

Turn the opening paragraph upside down!

Conclusion Paragraph Turn the opening paragraph upside down!

Food fraud has been identified in multiple communities, and in some

cases there is a rise in this fraudulent behavior with the increase in

different needs regarding food types (Northern District of Iowa, 2019).

Food fraud refers to the deliberate alteration of food, related

ingredients, or packaging, as well as the creation of false or deceptive

assertions about a product in order to profit financially (Spink &

Moyer, 2011, as cited in Levy, 2020). This fraud can cause damage to

consumers’ health, or can affect entire supply chains (Northern District

of Iowa, 2019). Food fraud has been found in the research and in

(popular press/relevant journals) to be a threat to public health as well

as to the economy. Due to food fraud’s threats to segments of business

as well as communities,government and food, organizations should

install more efficient legislature such as (name of policy with citation)

tooversee and regulate the food chains operated by independent

providers such as farmers and sole proprietors.

Conclusion Paragraph Turn the opening paragraph upside down!

Due to food fraud’s threats to segments of business as well as to

communities, government and food, organizations should install more

efficient legislature such as (name of policy with citation) to oversee

and regulate the food chains operated by independent providers such as

farmers and sole proprietors. Food fraud has been found in the research

and in (popular press/relevant journals) to be a threat to public health as

well as to the economy. This fraud, as seen in the research (cite all

research studies from the literature review), can cause damage to

consumers’ health, or can affect entire supply chains (Northern District

of Iowa, 2019). The (recommended action) is necessary, as food fraud

has been identified in multiple communities, and in some cases there is

a rise in this fraudulent behavior with the increase in different needs

regarding food types (Northern District of Iowa, 2019).