Essay about the Great Depression and Important People
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UTF-81920s_1_.pptxThe 1920s
Professor Tomiko Meeks
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Warren G. Harding
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Calvin Coolidge
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Herbert Hoover
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The Business Boom
Economic Growth fueled by:
Machines
Factories
Standardized Mass Production
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Economic boom continued until 1929
Five sources of 1920s boom:
Effect of WWI on technology
Scientific Management –”Taylorism”
Rapid Increase in worker productivity
Psychology of consumption
Relations between the federal government and big business
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Henry Ford
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Economic Effects of the Automobile
Promoted growth in other industries
Helped fuel the creation of a national system of highways
Created new service facilities
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Social Effects of the Automobile
Created more mobile society
Broke down the stability family life
Broke down traditional morality
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Consumerism between 1922 and 1929 was fueled by the advent of installment plans
Critics of the Culture of Consumption
Sinclair Lewis
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Government Support of Big Business
High tariff policies
Andrew Mellon
Cutbacks in the Federal Trade Commission
Herbert Hoover
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Life in the 1920s
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Frustration in the 1920s
Not everyone was prosperous
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The Good Old Days
Elements of things gone by:
People wanted an America free of labor and racial strife
Fewer "foreigners"
No radical ideologies
More in tune to the rhythms of small-town life
More devout in Fundamentalist Christianity
Less government interference in their lives
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Warren G. Harding wants a return to “Normalcy”
Redefinition of “Americanism”
Resumption of racial hostility
Resurrection of “Old-time religion”
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Cultural Fundamentalism
People sought certainty and predictability in social relationships
Order in human affairs that was familiar, comfortable and nonthreatening
Nostalgia for the idealized life of their parents
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Suspicion and fear
The Red Scare
Sacco and Vanzetti Trial
The Rise of the new Ku Klux Klan
The Scopes Trial
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The Red Scare
Bolshevik Revolution of November 1917 introduced the doctrine of Communism to Russia
Leader was Vladimir Lenin
Wartime Sedition Act 1918 was used to arrest and prosecute “radicals”
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Vladamir Lenin
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January 2, 1920 in thirty three American cities the Justice Department arrested 3K communists, anarchists, and aliens
US Government violated their constitutional rights by detaining them with no bail and not allowing them to contact their lawyers or their family
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Sacco and Vanzetti Trial
Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti, anarchists arrested for a 1920 robbery and murder.
a person who believes that government and laws are not necessary
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Vanzetti
“I am suffering because I am a radical. Indeed I am a radical. I have suffered because I was an Italian, I am an Italian. I have suffered more for my family and my beloved than myself. But I am so convinced to be right that if you could execute me two times, and if I could be reborn two other times, I would live again to do what I have done already. I have finished. Thank you.”
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Rise of the New KKK
KKK first emerged during reconstruction
Revived in 1915 by Colonel William Joseph Simmons
1920 two New York con men started the Southern Publicity Association
By 1925 dues-paying members were 2 million
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The new KKK
Promoted “100% Americanism”
Protestantism
Charity
Motherhood
Morality
Temperance
Education
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Main Targets
Roman Catholics
Jews
African-Americans
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Scopes Trial a.k.a the Monkey Trial
About academic freedom
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Fundamentalist Beliefs
The virgin birth of Jesus Christ
Jesus’ physical resurrection
The second coming of Christ was imminent and physical
Every word of the Bible is literally true
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Prohibition
18th Amendment, 1917 prohibited the manufacture or sale of alcoholic beverages within the boundaries of the United States
Volstead Act 1919 – defined alcoholic beverages as one with an alcohol content greater than 0.5 percent
21st Amendment, 1933 repealed the 18th Amendment
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Decline of the WASP
What is a WASP?
Americans descended from early European settlers (English, Irish and Germans)
People who held positions of respectability and responsibility in their communities
Small-town people
Educated people
Protestants
Republicans
People who prefer less government involvement in the economy
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WASP try to hold on to American society by:
Pushing immigration restriction
Anti-Semitism
Joining the KKK
Maintaining economic control
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Reality Check
America is a melting pot
Birth rates of immigrants and poor native-born Americans exceeded that of WASPs
By 1911 2 out 3 American school children were born to immigrants
Republicans were not attentive to the needs of the growing working class
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Election 1928
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