Unit IV Assesment

Take Test: Unit IV Assessment

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QUESTION 1

Recall from your reading about the nature of volcanoes to choose the best answer: Magma tends to rise toward Earth's surface principally because __________.

of magma cooling

mounting pressure within the reservoir

rocks become more dense when they melt

of convection in the mantle

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QUESTION 2

Recall from your reading about the principle types of volcanoes to choose the best answer: Crater Lake, a caldera, formed from the collapse of a __________.

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p composite volcano.

shield volcano.

cinder volcano.

lava dome

QUESTION 3

Recall from your reading about the nature of volcanoes to choose the best answer: A volcanic eruption is driven by __________ and __________ which forces its way upward and may ultimately break though zones of weaknesses in the Earth's crust.

heat; water pressure

heat; gas pressure

buoyancy; gas pressure

buoyancy; water pressure

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QUESTION 4

Mt. Rainier in Washington State is an excellent example of what principle type of volcano?

An eroded shield volcano

A caldera

A stratovolcano

Flood basalts

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QUESTION 5

Due to the nature of volcanoes the violent separation of gas from lava forms __________.

dikes

craters

cinders

pumice

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A.

QUESTION 6

Recall your reading of Relative Time Scale and Radiometric Time Scale and match the term with the de�nition.

Isotopes

Half-life

Forms of life which existed during limited periods of geologic time and thus are used

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B.

C.

D.

E.

F.

G.

H.

Carbon 14

Igneous rocks

Hutton

Petrology

Index fossil

Stratigraphy

as guides to the age of the rocks in which they are preserved

Atoms of the same element with di�ering atomic weights

Isotope found in all living plants and animals

The time it takes for one-half of a particular radioactive isotope in a sample to decay

Rocks that generally do not contain fossils

The Scottish geologist who �rst proposed the fundamental principle used to classify rocks according to their relative ages

Studies of rock layering

Studies on the origins of the various kinds of rocks

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A.

B.

C.

QUESTION 7

Recall from your reading of Principal Types of Volcanoes, and match the description to the type of volcano.

Large, fairly steep-sided cones composed of alternating layers of lava �ows and pyroclastic material.

Small basaltic cones built during one, short, eruptive episode; dominated by cinders.

Volcanoes of southwestern Alaska and the Aleutian Islands.

Big volcanoes of Hawaii

Volcano Paricutin in Mexico

Forms dikes from lava

Lava is produced after the eruption and �ows from the bottom

Cinder cones

Shield volcanoes

Composite/stratovolcanoes

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Volcanoes with gentle slopes spreading over large areas

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QUESTION 8

Recall from your reading about the radiometric time scale to put the following isotopes in order of use, from oldest rock to youngest.

Carbon-14

Potassium-40

Samarium-147

Thorium-232

Uranium-235

Uranium-238

Rubidium-87

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QUESTION 9

Recall from your reading about the nature of volcanoes, and in your own words, compare and contrast aa and pahoehoe lava in appearance and how they form.

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Path: p Words:0

Paragraph Arial 3 (12pt)

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QUESTION 10

In your own words, brie�y explain how a caldera forms from principle types of volcanos.

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QUESTION 11

Recall from reading the nature of volcanoes, and in your own words, brie�y discuss how the rate of cooling determines the type of rock that forms from magma/lava.

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QUESTION 12

In your own words, discuss volcanic hazards. Although commonly thought to be associated with most volcanic eruptions (by the general public), lava is rarely responsible for the loss of life. Which hazards would tend to be more deadly? Finally, indicate and discuss those hazards that are a direct result of a volcanic eruption as well as those hazards that are indirectly linked. (Hint: think of "indirectly associated" hazards as "side e�ects".).

Your response should be at least 200 words in length.

Paragraph Arial 3 (12pt)

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