A Permit by Rule (PBR) Evaluation for Painting Operation Facility

Running head: A PBR EVALUATION FOR PAINTING OPERATION FACILITY

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A Permit by Rule (PBR) Evaluation for Painting Operation Facility

ML

Columbia Southern University

A PBR EVALUATION FOR PAINTING OPERATION FACILITY

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Abstract

The owner has design and draft an interior coating and spray-painting system that will authorize

the interior of the vehicle to put new coating in the manner as for new vehicles. VOCs and ES

values were calculated as……..

A PBR EVALUATION FOR PAINTING OPERATION FACILITY

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A Permit by Rule (PBR) Evaluation for Painting Operation Facility

General Considerations for Operation

Developing an air permit before constructing of operations begins should be completed

first. There are various contaminants to the air and the general environment which thus leads the

exemption of a permit to install requirements (Leonard, 2018). The exemptions which are

stipulated by these guidelines are only acceptable when there is operator compliance with the

general provisions which govern the permit by rule standards. These standards are guided by the

general permit by rule provisions which must be objectively specific to the various standards to

be practiced. A request was received to start, engineer and write a state air permit application for

a car body repair company. In this air permit, is to label and described the jurisdiction of the air

quality in the procedure of an automotive interior lining facility that is in compliance with the

local state laws and the U.S Environmental Protection Agency (US-EPA) laws and regulations.

Upon these considerations, the contaminants may be deemed as major sources or minor sources.

From these analyses, the source can be classified as to be under the Administrative code or

otherwise (Godish et al, 2014).

The performance of the body repair company, they have outlined an interior coating

spray painting system, in which it allows the interior of a vehicle to be coated rather it’s a new

vehicle, or a damaged vehicle that needs to be restored. The construction and building of the

facility are steel with a concrete floor. Each of the paint booth station is designed and drawn out

with one open end for makeup air. An exhaust end that will be able to flow through an exhaust

chamber to the end of the vehicle. On top of completing the liner application, the frame will be

able to be move to an area that the forced curing operations will begin.

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Air make up

VOC and ES Content per Unit

Areas that produce VOCs bring a negative impact on the environment, health, and the

safety of the people. There is a positive correlation between VOC exposure and the health risk of

VOC in discharge areas. The population of people that are living or working near this

uncontrolled VOC emission locations have a high chance to be contracting terminal illness in

Exhaust cap

Interior paint booth

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their respiratory system (Shuai et al., 2018, pg. 6-7). There are other illness people are exposed

to VOC particles are liable to cancer, cardiovascular and anaphylactic diseases.

Plants emit VOCs, for example odors we can smell. VOC emissions increases during

warm seasons with high insolation and especially during the flowering periods, often exhibiting

exponential temperature dependence Churkina et al., 2017, pg. 6120). Acid rains causes

corrosion of iron sheets and pollutions to the water bodies. According to Shuai et al., VOCs are

the nitrogen monoxide based on contribute t the depletion of the ozone layer, causing scorching

suns and gradual global warming. Environmental implication of VOC emission in terms of

isoprene and acrolein, they mark the effects of nitrogen monoxide to form ozone layer.

VOC emissions have their own natural causes such as pollen from plantation sites that

can cause respiratory distress towards the employees in the work system. Dust in the air around

the streets are also natural cause of air pollutants that carry VOCs and be able to collect them

from other different locations. VOCs are implanted in the dust particles that causes indoor air

pollution when they are caught or trapped inside the spray booth. A number of VOCs found in

indoor air are mutagenic or carcinogenic such as benzene, styrene, tetrachloroethylene, 1,1,1-

trichloroethane, chloroform and etc.. This suggest that VOC exposures in indoor air have the

potential to cause cancer in humans (Godish, David, Fu, 2014, pg. 413). Anthropomorphic

contributors to VOC emission such as spray guns that are used in spray booths as the vapors, that

can cause a skin reaction and respiratory distress to an employee.

The formula for obtaining the total dry mass of VOC in one gallon of coating is;

WCOV

VC -VW -VES

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Where WCOV = Weight of VOC (lbs.) contained in VC gallons of coating

VC = Volume of coating in one gallon

VW = Volume of water (Gals) contained in VC gallons of coating

VES = Volume of exempt solvents in gallons, contained in VC gallons of coating

Standardized measurements that accompany this are.

The density of water = 8.34 pounds per gallon of water

The density of exempt solvent = 6.64 pounds per gallon of exempt solvent

The rail tank car scenario in Dallas presents the following calculation of its total VOC dry mass

in one gallon of coating.

WCOV = 2.8 lbs. /Gal of coating

VC = 1 Gal

VW =?

Since density = Mass ; Volume (VW) = 1.0 (mass) ; = 0.1199 gallons of water.

Volume 8.34 (density)

VES =?

Mass of VES ; 0.5 (mass) ; = 0.0753 gallons of exempt solvent

Density of VES 6.64 (density)

Therefore;

2.8lbs/ gal of coating (VOC) ; 3.4791 lbs. VOC per gallon of coating

1.0(VC) – 0.1199(VW) – 0.0753(VES)

Since Dallas rail tank Car Company uses 10 gallons of coating and 2 gallons of solvent a day, the

total dry mass of VOC in one day will be 3.4791lbs multiplied by 12 giving 41.7492 lbs. VOC.

Exempt Solvent content per gallon is given by;

ES in the coating = 0.5lbs * 10 gallons; =5lbs

ES in the solvent is missing; assumed as = 0.0lbs

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Total ES content for the day is 5lbs

ES content per gallon = 5lbs/12gallons of mixture giving 0.4667lbs/gallon

Operational Air Emission Rates

Blank for Units 3-8. Fill this in for Unit 4.

Operational Face and Filter Velocities

Blank for Units 4-8. Fill this in for Unit 5.

VOC Content Minus Water and Exempt Solvents

Blank for Units 5-8. Fill this in for Unit 6.

Heater and Oven Combustion Emissions

Blank for Units 6-8. Fill this in for Unit 7.

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References

Churkina, G., Kuik, F., Bonn, B., Lauer, A., Grote, R., Tomiak, K., & Butler, T. M. (2017).

Effect of VOC Emission from Vegetation on Air Quality in Berlin during a

Heatwave. Environmental Science & Technology, 6120.

doi:DOI.1021/acs.est.6b06514

Godish, T., Davis, W. T., & Fu, J. S. (2014). Air Quality (5thth ed., p. 413-417). Boca Raton:

CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group.

Leonard, R. L. (2018). Regulatory Requirements for Permitting. In Air Quality

Permitting (pp. 1-31). Routledge. Retrieved from:

https://eelp.law.harvard.edu/2018/12/new-source-review/

Shuai, J., Kim, S., Ryu, H., Park, J., Lee, C., Kim, B.,…Yang, W. (2018). Health risk assessment

of volatile organic compounds exposure near Daegu dyeing industrial complex in South

Korea. BMC Public Health, 6-7. doi: 10.1186/s12889-018-5454-1