Data Communication Features
sus3848
Unit3.pptx7 criteria
Why should the company choose you to do the project?
The 7 media examples include the Cat 5-7 cables. They are counted as one
You can include them in separate rows in the table.
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Unit 3 Assignment Worksheet
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Unit 3 Assignment Part 2
Four Dimensions of Service Management
Organization and people
employees, entire organization
Information and technology
Services, Network
Partners and suppliers
External organization
Value streams and processes
All the above activities
People, Products, processes and partners
https://www.knowledgehut.com/tutorials/itil4-tutorial/itil-four-dimensions-it-service-management
Vendors, sponsors, external relationships,
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PESTEL
PESTEL Analysis
Influence government has on your business
Political
- economic growth, inflation rates – long term impact on the company
Economic Factors
– population trends, lifestyle, cultural barriers
Social Factors
Innovation, automation, research and development
Technological Factors
– weather, climate, tourism, climate change
Environmental Factors
– laws that may affect your business, copyright, patent laws, employment laws
Legal Factors
PESTEL is an acronym that stands for Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Environmental and Legal factors.
PESTEL is known as a PESTEL analysis or formerly known as PEST analysis. A PESTEL analysis is a framework or tool used to analyze and monitor the macro-environmental factors that may have a profound impact on an organization's performance.
https://www.toppr.com/guides/business-management-entrepreneurship/entrepreneurship-creativity-and-innovation/pestle-analysis/
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A Reflection on Unit 2
Topic 1: Digital Conversion
Many traditional analog services have switched over to digital in the past 25 years and that switch has not always been seamless.
Identify an instance where that transition is complete or almost complete.
Discuss the following: why have we seen these changes?
What are the benefits of digital technology in each instance?
What are the costs associated with such transitions? Look at end user costs, manufacturing/delivery costs.
Is quality compromised in the move from analog to digital?
Why do service providers need to consider the key concepts of service management to ensure that they are providing value to their clients?
Include a question that students can reply to within your initial post(s).
Also include the Reference(s) for your source(s).
Student answer
Hello Class,
The transition from analog to digital controls for the mechanical function on newer cars has been a slow and gradual process that is nearing complete digitization. An example of this is throttle valve control that was mainly controlled mechanically and physically connected to the gas pedal and has transitioned to a digitally controlled motor that reads the position of the gas pedal and other varying factors. Other new technology such as traction control and braking are all controlled digitally or are a combination of analog systems enhanced digitally supported by the mechanical systems of a car.
These newer digital technologies in cars enhance safety and performance of the vehicle and are less likely to break down. Newer vehicles generally are more reliable and require less service due to these new technologies, so quality is enhanced. We have seen these changes due to regulations regarding vehicles and the constant pursuit for improving on existing designs.
Initially cost was somewhat prohibitive when this transitioned began, but manufacturing has been retooled and it has become much more affordable and now is common place.
Service providers in this instance need to make sure that the end product meets regulations and provides value to all users and stakeholders. This probably would be in the realm of device troubleshooting and firmware updates.
What do you prefer in a vehicle? Old School Analog muscle or New School digitally enhanced tuner?
Gitlin , J. M. (2016, April 16). How much tech is too much tech in our cars? Analog vs. digital driving. Ars Technica. https://arstechnica.com/cars/2016/04/how-much-tech-is-too-much-tech-in-our-cars-analog-vs-digital-driving/.
Jayson Casados
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Discussion
Requirements for posting in the discussion board:
Answer all questions
Initial post by Saturday of the unit’s week
Includes a substantial initial post
Minimum 100 words
Add a reference or URL
Have two substantial responses
Minimum 25 – 50 words
Unit 3 Discussion
Topic 1: Infrastructure Strategy
Discuss how the emergence of Cloud Technologies has impacted investments in infrastructure and
Discuss how strategies are changing at the enterprise level in relation to infrastructure as a service (IaaS).
In your opinion, why is it important to consider the four dimensions of service management
and the factors based on the political, economic, social, technological, environmental and legal (PESTEL) when considering the impact of the Cloud Technologies on an organization?
Include a question that responding students can reply to within your initial post(s).
Add a URL or Reference at the end of the initial post.
An Example of Satellites with LEO | GEO | Ground Terminals
The requirement of the assignment is to include a picture of the earth showing the Ground Stations, LEO and GEO
Notice the ground stations and the satellites. Notice the whole earth. Notice the LEO and GEO. The Low Earth Orbit (LEO) is closer to the earth. The Geo stationary Earth Orbit Satellites (GEO) is farther away. This meets the requirements of the assignment.
https://www.mwrf.com/markets/commercial/article/21848121/7-key-elements-of-leo-and-geo-space-satellites
LEO (low earth orbit satellites)
GEO ( Geo stationary Earth Orbit Satellites) also known as Geospatial satellites or Geosynchronous Orbit Satellites seem stationary as they synchronize with the earth’s movements
https://www.mwrf.com/markets/commercial/article/21848121/7-key-elements-of-leo-and-geo-space-satellites
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An example of Satellites
Does this meet the requirements?
GEO
Figure 1
Figure 2
Which one of these Satellite images meets the requirements? Shows the LEO, GEO and GROUND Stations labelled?
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Types of Satellite Orbits
1. GEO (Geo-stationary earth orbit)
2. MEO (medium earth orbit)
3. LEO (Low earth orbit) and
4. HEO (Highly elliptical orbit)
There are 4 types of orbits:
http://www.swiftutors.com/types-of-satellite-orbits.html
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Geosynchronous-(Stationary) Earth Orbit
Also known as Geospatial satellites or Geosynchronous Orbit Satellites.
It is possible to cover almost all parts of the earth with just 3 GEO satellites.
2. Antennas need not be adjusted every now and then but can be fixed permanently.
3. The life-time of a GEO satellite is quite high usually around 15 years.
Larger antennas are required for northern/southern regions of the earth.
2. High buildings in a city limit the transmission quality.
3. High transmission power is required.
4. These satellites cannot be used for small mobile phones.
5. Fixing a satellite at Geo stationary orbit is very expensive.
http://www.swiftutors.com/types-of-satellite-orbits.html
These satellites have almost a distance of 36,000 km to the earth.
E.g. All radio and TV, whether satellite etc., are launched in this orbit.
Geospatial satellites or Geosynchronous Orbit Satellites
The GEO satellites have a higher transmission delay than LEO satellites. GEO’s position in the sky can be fixed making it easier for on ground devices to find them. The GEO seem stationary as they synchronize with the earth’s movements.
https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/why-low-earth-orbit-satellites-are-the-new-space-race/2020/07/10/51ef1ff8-c2bb-11ea-8908-68a2b9eae9e0_story.html
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Low Earth Orbit (LEO)
They have filed for permission to add another 30,000 satellites.
SpaceX - adding 11,000 more for the Starlink mega constellation
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The number of LEO’s in orbit are about 5000.
Some are not operational
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500 Kilometers (311 miles) to 2,000 kilometers
(1, 244 miles) above the earth’s surface
.
A LEO is relatively close to the earth’s surface.
If global coverage is required, it requires at least 50-200 satellites in this orbit.
Think about another 120,000
2. Special handover mechanisms are required.
3. These satellites involve complex design.
4. Very short life: Time of 5-8 years. Assuming 48 satellites with a life-time of 8 years each, a new satellite is needed every 2 months.
5. Data packets should be routed from satellite to satellite.
http://www.swiftutors.com/types-of-satellite-orbits.html
LEO satellites operate at a distance of about 500- 2,000 km.
Fun Fact – Elon Musk and Jeff Bezos (Telesat, Amazon) are aiming to lunch thousands of small satellites around the globe. The plan – Offer high-end internet coverage to governments, mining companies, shipping conglomerates and remote or poor regions. Start up costs are in the billions of dollars.
https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/why-low-earth-orbit-satellites-are-the-new-space-race/2020/07/10/51ef1ff8-c2bb-11ea-8908-68a2b9eae9e0_story.html
Other companies – One Web, GW (Chinese State-owned company) have similar plans.
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-89909-7
Ground Stations
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An Example of the Assignment
Final page- References
For Review. Remember to include the table and the diagram with the satellites. Research!
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There are 2 types of twisted pair wire. Shielded and unshielded.
Twisted pair can be specified as Category 1-7 abbreviated as CAT 1-7. Twisted pair go through wall, rooms or buildings.
Unshielded twisted pair (UTP)
‘Unshielded’ meaning it does not rely on physical shielding to block interference
Most commonly used cable of the two, often utilized for both residential and business use
There are several UTP categories, which increase in bandwidth as you move up the scale, for example:
CAT1 = up to 1Mbps | CAT2 = up to 4 Mbps | CAT5e = up to 1Gbps
Fiber optic cable is a bit thicker than human hair
https://itel.com/understanding-network-cables/
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Notice the category of Twisted Pair Cable. In the Unit 3 readings under PowerPoint
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Important Note on the Assignment
Types of Conducted Medium
Twisted pair can be specified as Category 1-7
Examples – CAT 6 Twisted Pair cable
In the unit 3 reading - PowerPoint
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References and Resources
Four Dimensions of IT Service Management. https://www.knowledgehut.com/tutorials/itil4-tutorial/itil-four-dimensions-it-service-management
Key elements of leo and geo space satellites. https://www.mwrf.com/markets/commercial/article/21848121/7-key-elements-of-leo-and-geo-space-satellites
Pestel Analysis. https://www.toppr.com/guides/business-management-entrepreneurship/entrepreneurship-creativity-and-innovation/pestle-analysis/
Types of Satellites. http://www.swiftutors.com/types-of-satellite-orbits.html
Understand Network Cables. https://itel.com/understanding-network-cables/
Did you know 2017. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W8lBMFw2xFA
Additional Resources
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This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC
Did you Know?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u06BXgWbGvA
2021
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u06BXgWbGvA
What does this mean for you in Information Technology, diversity, intangible property..?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u06BXgWbGvA
For more on Did you know
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W8lBMFw2xFA
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Test Yourself
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND
Take a moment and give yourself a small test.
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Something to think about
The Two basic building block of computer networks are:
Data and signals
Cable and connections
A is correct
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True is correct
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If you answered A and B you are correct
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True is correct
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False (short distances of 10 meters or less)
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Discussion
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| Weekly Units | Beginning Dates | Ending Dates |
| Week One | September 22 | September 28 |
| Week 2 | September 29 | October 5 |
| Week 3 | October 6 | October 12 |
| Week 4 | October 13 | October 19 |
| Week 5 | October 20 | October 26 |
| Week 6 | October 27 | November 2 |
| Week 7 | November 3 | November 9 |
| Daylight Saving Time Ends | November 7 | November 7 |
| Week 8 | November 10 | November 16 |
| Week 9 | November 17 | November 23 |
| Thanksgiving Holiday | November 25 | November 28 |
| Week 10 | November 24 | November 30 |
| End of term | November 30 |
Weekly Schedule by dates
Also in the announcements
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No! We have 3 Assignments
Seminar
Discussion Board
Project Assignment
3 in all
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