unit V safety management
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unit2safetymanagement.pptxSafety Management System
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SMS-1
Jeffrey D Carpenter, CSP
Columbia Southern University
The International Air Transport Association defines a Safety Management System (SMS) as being a systematic approach to managing safety, including the necessary organizational structures, accountabilities, policies and procedures.
Another definition of an SMS is a businesslike approach to safety. It is a systematic, explicit and comprehensive process for managing safety risks. As with all management systems, a safety management system provides for goal setting, planning, and measuring performance.
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This is a risk based approach to the safety management throughout the organization
Safety Management System
Definitions of a Safety management system
An SMS provides a systematic way to identify hazards and control risks while maintaining assurance that these risk controls are effective.
Setting up your safety management system
You can read our setting up your SMS and our SMS for aviation guide which is a resource kit that will help you prepare and implement your plan. It'll need to include a detailed guide about how you're going to set up your SMS. Your safety management system will grow and improve and will be a living document.
How do I educate my staff?
You and your staff will need safety management system training and to review online resources. It can be useful to collect documents and resources for an SMS library within your organization.
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Safety Management System
A Safety Management System is not:
Rocket Science
Magic
Safety Management System
An SMS is not “rocket science” or “magic.”
There are three imperatives for adopting a safety management system for a business – these are ethical, legal and financial. You can also educate your staff through internal and external safety training and communication. This could include providing SMS information in your organization's safety bulletins, newsletters and or through promotional posters or by holding meetings and workshops with external providers.
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KISS method of a SMS
Four key elements:
Safety Assurance
Safety Policy
Risk Management
Safety Promotion
KISS METHODS FOR SMS
To be effective an SMS needs the following four key elements:
Safety Policy
Risk Management
Safety Assurance
Safety Promotion
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The Four SMS Components
Safety Assurance Involves the evaluation of the continued implementations and effectiveness of the risk control procedures which supports both existing and future hazards.
Safety Policy
This is established by the senior management to help in improving the safety standards, while defining methods, organizations and the structure required in delivering the safety standards and goals.
Safety Promotion Safety promotions include the activities such as safety, building a positive culture and having the designated areas which are used in safety education.
Safety Risk Management Determines the need for and adequacy of, new or revised risk controls based on the assessment of acceptable risk (Rowlinson, 2004).
Safety Promotion
Policy
SRM
SA
Implementations of SMS
To have a successful SMS each of the four key elements needs to be given the same “weight” when developing the system. Safety Management Systems (SMSs) for product/service providers (certificate holders) and regulators will integrate modern safety risk management and safety assurance concepts into repeatable, proactive systems.
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Safety Policy
While developing a safety policy. The language used should be very precise and not ambiguous.
The safety policy must have the following key elements:
All jobs should be done very safely or at least not done at all if cannot be done safely. There is time to do things In the right way.
Another approach to be considered is work-stop authority (Safety management systems, 2005).
SAMPLE SAFETY POLICY
The first element of an SMS is the actual safety policy.
To ensure the policy is adequate and applicable to the organization the following should be given thought:
Use clear unambiguous language
Incorporate two key principles
1. Do it safely or not at all
2. There is always time to do it right
Consider work-stop authority
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Risk Management
Risk Management is:
It is the risk managers Job to recognize the risky situations (Waring, 2002)
All the risky situations should be evaluated and studied to assess the likelihood of the risk and if it occurs the impact of the risk (Safety, 2085).
All mitigations should be well defined and where they should be applied.
RISK MANAGEMENT
The second element of a good SMS is Risk Management consists of:
Recognizing a dangerous situation or condition
Looking at a situation and trying to see how it could fail
SMSs emphasize safety management as a fundamental business process to be considered in the same manner as other aspects of business management.
By recognizing the organization's role in accident prevention, SMSs provide to both certificate holders and FAA:
A structured means of safety risk management decision making
A means of demonstrating safety management capability before system failures occur
Increased confidence in risk controls though structured safety assurance processes
An effective interface for knowledge sharing between regulator and certificate holder
A safety promotion framework to support a sound safety culture
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Risk Management
Risk Management is:
All jobs and tasks should be analyzed, inspected and prioritized with several issues developing the corrective and other action plans
One of the best methods is using the risk matrix.
RISK MANAGEMENT
Risk management is also:
Analyzing job tasks, records, inspections, prioritizing issues and developing corrective action plans
Consider using a risk matrix
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Risk Management
For every department, there is a particular staff that is available for risk management.
RISK MANAGEMENT
As part of the Risk Management element of an SMS consideration should be given to assigning responsibilities to certain staff members for managing risk within their department.
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Safety Assurance
The company should be consistent in observing all aspects of the operations. There is a lot that can be observed by the management just by sitting and watching.
All data should be analyzed to check if the work is getting better or worse.
This can be done by looking at how things went wrong previously, the injuries.
All near misses should be well documented.
In auditing the processes, you have to check the processes which do not have a desirable outcome and then questions should be asked about the process.
SAFETY ASSURANCE
The next element of an SMS is Safety Assurance.
As part of this element:
Constantly observe every aspect of your operations
“You can observe a lot by just watching”
Analyze your data. Are things getting better or worse?
Look as past claims, incidents, injuries
Record near misses
Look for processes that do not have the desired outcome, then ask what and why
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Safety Promotion
Managers and supervisors should talk about the safety promotion.
Make safety part of daily conversations
Get everyone on board when discussing the organizational commitment on safety.
The organization's commitment to safety should be known.
Safety should be made part of the business culture, it should be one way of doing business. Make it part of your culture, make it the way you do business
SAFETY PROMOTIONS
The final element of the SMS is Safety Promotion.
As part of this element:
Managers and supervisors should talk it up!
Make safety part of daily conversations
Get people on board by making your organization’s commitment to safety known
Make it part of your culture, make it the way you do business
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The Reality
The implementation of SMS cannot be done without efforts from the staff and the management.
The results of the implementation cannot be effortless and will require the same level of commitments as other areas of the company (Depue, 2003).
The risk manager should be patient with the people implementing safety measures
The positive changes are worth the patience and effort
IMPLEMENTING SMS
The element is very important because it allows employees to understand that safety is a priority within the organization.
Safety Promotion supports safety culture communication, dissemination of lessons learned and enables the continuous improvement process.
The Safety Promotion requirements apply not only to aviation service provider organizations but also to States. In fact safety promotion is identified as one of the four components of the State Safety Programs.
The safety promotion process should be applied at national, regional and global level and includes all efforts to modify structures, environment, attitudes and behaviors aimed at improving safety.
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The Reality
Annex 19 Safety Guidelines
EXAMPLE OF SAFETY APPLICATION
The training is expected to make the users be exposed to risks.
B) It defines the operations and maintenance standards of private jets and commercial air transport (Curley, 2016);
All the safety measures involves the operation of Helicopters and the general Aviation;
The design of the safety is meant to regulate the engines, propellers and the aircraft itself.
The navigation services are included in the safety codes
During the ICAO High-level Safety Conference 2010, the development of an Annex dedicated to Safety Management was proposed. The benefits identified of this approach included:
Address safety risks proactively;
Manage and support strategic regulatory and infrastructure developments;
Re-enforce the role played by the State in managing safety at the State level, in coordination with service providers;
Stress the concept of overall safety performance in all domains.
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The Reality
Advantages of Annex
EXAMPLE OF SAFETY APPLICATION
Promoting the State at all levels which includes the correct coordination between all stakeholders.
Developing a harmonised standards of application to several domains of safety
Identifications of the future needs
Having a dedicated working panel on the next iterations of the members
Providing global vision and implementations (Cox & Cox, 1996)
Summary of Annex 19
The new First Edition of the new Annex becomes applicable on 14 November 2013. All of the safety management provisions in Annex 19 except those listed below have been transferred or duplicated from safety management provisions previously contained in six other Annexes. The new provisions are as follows:
The Safety Management System framework now applies to organizations responsible for the type design and manufacture of aircraft
The four existing components of the State Safety Program (SSP) framework are raised to the status of Standards
The State Safety Oversight System is now applicable to the oversight of all product and service providers
Safety Data Collection Analysis and Exchange becomes part of the SSP
The new Annex also replicates Attachment ‘E’ to Annex 14 “Legal Guidance for the Protection of Safety Information from Safety Data” as Attachment ‘B’
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References
Cox, S., & Cox, T. (2006). Safety, systems, and people. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.
Depue, L. (2003). Safety management systems. Washington, D.C.: Transportation Research Board, National Research Council.
Pet Supplies, Accessories and Products Online | PetSmart. (2018). Retrieved from https://www.petsmart.com/
Rowlinson, S. (2004). Construction safety management systems. London: Spon Press.
Safety, C. (2085). Guidelines for Auditing Process Safety Management Systems. Hoboken: American Institute of Chemical Engineers.
Waring, A. (2002). Safety management systems. London: Chapman & Hall.
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