Discussion Board - Cold War
cboyer17
Trumanpart1nonotes_1_.pptxTruman and The Cold War
Professor Meeks
War between the US and Russia
Why do we have a cold war?
Roots of the Cold War
1944 creation of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank
US will give billions to these organizations and these organizations will give this money to war torn and developing countries
This would help them recover their economies
Idea is that these countries would be grateful to the US
These countries would set up democratic governments (American Friendly countries
Helps prevent the spread of communism
Peace Bretton Woods Conference – 1944
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Dumbarton Oaks conference delegates from the United States, China, Britain and the Soviet Union mapped out the United Nations
United Nations
General Assembly
Composed of all member nations
Discuss issues
Security Council
Composed of eleven nations
Resolve issues
Able to apply economic pressure against other nations
Truman believed that peace or international cooperation was not enough we needed to maintain:
a strong military presence
Atomic monopoly
Be the leader in creating enduring peace
Peace was not enough
We believe that the Soviets want to spread communism around the world
We do not trust the Russians because they lied about promoting free elections in eastern Europe
Instead they are setting up puppet governments and closing down free trade
US Point of View
How does Stalin do this?
He kills all of the democratic leaders before the elections
He also allowed the elections to take place and if a democratic leader was elected he would kill them
US Says that Stalin is trying to create a Communists empire
George Kennan
US Ambassador the the Soviet Union
Long Telegram or X Article
Policy of Containment: Prevent the spread of communism
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USSR refuses to unify Germany
Churchill’s Iron Curtain Speech (1945)
Iron curtain represents Soviet control over Eastern Europe
We can not promote democracy behind the Iron Curtain
Iron Curtain
We are not bad!!!
America is bad and you are liars
Soviet Point of View
Soviet point of view
America denied access to the atomic bomb
Lend lease terminated
We do this because we hope that the Russian will lose to Germany
Truman says if we see that Germany is winning we should help Russia and if we see that Russia is winning we should help Germany and that way let them kill as many as possible.
The US was bombed in 1941 we do not open the front until 1944
US Delayed the 2nd Front
General Patton wanted to keep marching into Russia and begin WWIII right after WWII
This was created as a buffer zone not a bloc
Germany had already invaded USSR twice. So the Soviets created a buffer zone not a bloc to create an empire
The countries in the buffer zone were Russia’s allies
Russia does not trust America because they may attack in the future
Soviet Buffer Zone
Soviet Buffer Zone (Protection)
Why is this a cold war
There is no direct conflict between the Soviets and the American
If they would have gone to war it would have been a hot war (nuclear war)
This is a war of words
Capitalism vs. Communism
Democracy vs. Dictatorship
Proxy Wars
Where you have others fight for you
USSR vs. USA
NK SK
NV SV
CH Demo. China
Proxy Battles
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Truman Doctrine
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Marshall Plan (1947-1951)
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Europe after WWII
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George Marshall
Secretary of State
Marshall Plan
$12.5 billion to help Europe recover from WWII
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European Recovery
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Marshall Plan
Marshall Plan
What do we do with GermanY
Denazify Germany
Nuremberg Trials
Nazi War Crimes Trials
Occupied Germany
Western powers want a strong unified Germany
They want Germany to be able to stand against Russia
This will prevent the rest of Eastern Europe from falling to USSR
Unified Germany
USSR wants Germany to be weak because they have invaded Russia twice in the past
They also want a weak Germany so that they can take it over
USSR wants a divided Germany
The Western Allies will create West Germany
Capitalist country with democracy
Capital in Berlin
Soviets create East Germany
Communist country with dictator
Capital in Berlin
Western Allies want a unified Germany
Berlin is also divided
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Molotov Plan
Soviet Union
Poland
Czechoslovakia
East Germany
Hungary
Bulgaria
Romania
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Organization of American States
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US Government Rearmament and Reorganization
National Security Act of 1947
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Department of Defense
Defending the United States
National Security Agency
NSA deals with threats to the United States
Central Intelligence Agency
Collects information
NSC-68 (1950)
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Berlin Airlift July 24, 1948 – May 12, 1949
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Berlin Blockade
Russians blockade berlin in response to the creation of West Germany
East Germans were going into West Berlin to escape East Germany because life was easier
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Berlin Airlift
2M tons of supplies
660K tons of coal
270K flights
5K tons/day
1700 flights/day
June 1948 – May 1949
Killed
41 Americans
31 British
6 Germans
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Berlin Airlift
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