Discussion Board - Cold War
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Truman2-5nonotes_1_.pptxThe Cold War
Professor Tomiko Meeks
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Thinking Back
What are four acts of foreign policy that dealt with halting the spread of communism – Explain each and were they effective?
Truman Doctrine
Marshall Plan
Organization of American States
IMF and World Bank
Berlin Airlift
Radio Free America
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North Atlantic Treaty Organization
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Goals of NATO
NATO’s essential purpose is to safeguard the freedom and security of its members through political and military means.
POLITICAL - NATO promotes democratic values and encourages consultation and cooperation on defense and security issues to build trust and, in the long run, prevent conflict.
MILITARY - NATO is committed to the peaceful resolution of disputes. If diplomatic efforts fail, it has the military capacity needed to undertake crisis-management operations.
Collective Defense
NATO is committed to the principle that an attack against one or several members is considered as an attack against all. This is the principle of collective defense, which is enshrined in Article 5 of the Washington Treaty.
So far, Article 5 has been invoked once - in response to the 9/11 terrorist attacks in the United States.
Transatlantic Link
NATO is an alliance of countries from Europe and North America. It provides a unique link between these two continents for consultation and cooperation in the field of defence and security, and the conduct of multinational crisis-management operations.
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Collective Security Agreement
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Warsaw Pact
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Soviets explode first atomic Bomb Sept. 1949
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China becomes Communist in 1949
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A Tale of Two Chinas
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Mao Zedong aka Mao Tse-tung
Chairman Mao 1949-1976
Communist
People’s Republic of China (PRC)
Supported by the Soviets
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Jiang Jieshi
Nationalist/capitalist
Republic of China – Taiwan (ROC)
Supported by the Americans
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H -Bomb
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Hydrogen Bomb – Ivy Mike
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Soviets test H-Bomb
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Korean War
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Background of the Korean war
Korea was controlled by the Japanese from 1910 to 1945
After WWII the Soviets controlled N. Korea because they liberated the Koreans from the Japanese
The Americans controlled S. Korea because they liberated the Koreans from the Japanese
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N. Korea invades S. Korea in 1950
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General MacArthur
Creates and executes the Inchon Landing
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Combined U.S and UN Forces recapture Seoul
Military drive to defeat North Korean Army
U.S and UN move into China pass the Yalu river pushes the Chinese Red Army into war
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Truman fires MacArthur
Truman – limited war
MacArthur – No Substitute for Victory
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Korean Armistice 1953
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Outcomes of the Korean War
54K Americans killed in three years
Showed that the Truman Doctrine and Containment works – this was a success
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Truman at home Domestic Policy
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Post war anxiety
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Taft-Hartley Act
Required unions to take non-communists oaths
It banned strikes that endangered the public safety
It banned closed shop
Mandated or required 60 day cooling off period before strikes
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Preventing Economic Downturn
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Employment Act 1946
Creates government polices to promote maximum employment, production, and purchasing power
Truman will sell government factories for low prices
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What about the Soldiers?
GI Bill of Rights
16M will come back after the war
GI Bill is in response to fears of unemployment by returning soldiers
So we educate them – sends 8M people to school
Cost $14.5B to send them to school
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Veterans Administration
VA
Provides guaranteed loans for homes, businesses, and farms
This will create jobs – improving the economy
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The American Society
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Emerging Middle Class
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Levittown
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Making homes Affordable
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Sunbelt
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Return of the Cult of Domesticity
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Television Shaping American life
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