Argumentative Research Essay

Touchstone 2.2 – Annotated Bibliography

Sophia Pathways for College Credit- English Composition II

Touchstone 2.2 – Annotated Bibliography

Mindy L. Wheeler

English Composition II

May 5, 2021

Basketter, D., Clewell, H., Kimber, I., Rossi, A., Blaauboer, B., Burrier, R., ... & Hartung, T. (2012). A roadmap for the development of alternative (non-animal) methods for systemic toxicity testing.

The issue of use of animals for research and cosmetic has been faced with a lot of challenges for long as many procedures have been classified as violative of animal rights. The article addresses a new platform being developed to create an alternative where animals would not be exposed to medical research and cosmetic tests. In the paper, the authors address some reasons that have led to the creation of the new roadmap thereby proving why animals should not be used for medical research and cosmetic tests.

Britto, F. P., Udupa, R., Vasist, R., & D’mello, P. X. Animal Lab Environment for Better Research: A Short Communication.

In this article, the authors have focusing in addressing how animal testing labs are and why animal research and cosmetic tests are not in any way violative. A clear description of the processes that animals are taken through is given showing all the considerations taken in place to show that animals’ rights are upheld. The source supports the research article that animal should be used since all ethical measures are applied and animals are not exposed to pain.

Doke, S. K., & Dhawale, S. C. (2015). Alternatives to animal testing: A review. Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal, 23(3), 223-229.

This article bears content that supports the counterargument section of the research. The article demonstrates reasons animals should not be used for medical research and cosmetic testing and instead better options should be applied with the help in modern technology.

Heinrich, M., Appendino, G., Efferth, T., Fürst, R., Izzo, A. A., Kayser, O., ... & Viljoen, A. (2020). Best practice in research–Overcoming common challenges in phytopharmacological research. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 246, 112230.

In this article, the authors acknowledge that in deed the use of animals for medical research and cosmetic tests have had hitches. Hence, the article demonstrates the various best practices that should be embraced instead of avoiding animal use to overcome the challenges being faced. The article hence supports the argument that animals should be used but in an ethical way to ensure that animal rights are not violated in any way. by so doing, there would be no opposers opposing the use of animals for medical research and cosmetic tests.

McLeod, C., & Hartley, S. (2018). Responsibility and laboratory animal research governance. Science, Technology, & Human Values, 43(4), 723-741.

In this article, the main focus on the roles and responsibilities of laboratory animal research governance. According to the article, it is the duty of the government to make sure that animals are only used for the right and non-harming procedures and any violative procedure is prevented. The article supports the use of animals only under the strict government provided procedure through the animal rights department.

Meigs, L., Smirnova, L., Rovida, C., Leist, M., & Hartung, T. (2018). Animal testing and its alternatives: the most important omics is economics. Alternatives to Animal Experimentation: ALTEX, 35(3), 275-305.

The authors in this article focus on the research issue from a different perspective. The article argues that animal testing is a legal but there are many other alternatives that can offer similar or even better results. The author hence argues that the only thing that should be used to determine the method to use is the cost involved. With the argument, the author claims that as long as a legal procedure is used, animals should be used for medical research and cosmetic test.

Vinardell, M. P., & Mitjans, M. (2017). Alternative methods to animal testing for the safety evaluation of cosmetic ingredients: an overview. Cosmetics, 4(3), 30.

In this article, the authors do not support the use of animals for medical research and cosmetic test. The article states that most cosmetics react negatively to the skin of animals since the animal skin cells are different from that of humans. Hence, the authors claim there are better and sage methods to test cosmetic ingredients.

Reflection questions

Discuss how your annotated bibliography meets these criteria.

The annotated bibliography is comprised of authentic sources possessing relevant information supporting the research in argument and counterargument sections. The annotated bibliography shares a short summary either in support or against the research. The annotated bibliography is comprised of the required number of sources.

Which strategies were most helpful for you when searching for credible sources?

The most effective strategies were searching using eligible search engines. In the engines, I could target credible pieces for instance scholarly journals, peer-reviewed articles, and authentic websites. Additionally, the credibility of the author(s) was a point to consider.

What difficulties did you face while searching for credible sources? How did you overcome these difficulties?

The main difficulties faced included; identifying a valid and reliable sources and authors. Another major challenge was identifying the authentic websites. This was because the internet has a lot of sources and not all qualified for a research.

References

Basketter, D., Clewell, H., Kimber, I., Rossi, A., Blaauboer, B., Burrier, R., ... & Hartung, T. (2012). A roadmap for the development of alternative (non-animal) methods for systemic toxicity testing.

Britto, F. P., Udupa, R., Vasist, R., & D’mello, P. X. Animal Lab Environment for Better Research: A Short Communication.

Doke, S. K., & Dhawale, S. C. (2015). Alternatives to animal testing: A review. Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal, 23(3), 223-229.

Heinrich, M., Appendino, G., Efferth, T., Fürst, R., Izzo, A. A., Kayser, O., ... & Viljoen, A. (2020). Best practice in research–Overcoming common challenges in phytopharmacological research. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 246, 112230.

McLeod, C., & Hartley, S. (2018). Responsibility and laboratory animal research governance. Science, Technology, & Human Values, 43(4), 723-741.

Meigs, L., Smirnova, L., Rovida, C., Leist, M., & Hartung, T. (2018). Animal testing and its alternatives: the most important omics is economics. Alternatives to Animal Experimentation: ALTEX, 35(3), 275-305.

Vinardell, M. P., & Mitjans, M. (2017). Alternative methods to animal testing for the safety evaluation of cosmetic ingredients: an overview. Cosmetics, 4(3), 30.