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TheRealityoftheDHSEnterpriseFieldIntelligenceInformationSharingEnvironment-HomelandSecurityAffairs.pdf
CHDS THESES: EXECUTIVE SUMMARIES / DECEMBER 2017 / LEAVE A COMMENT
The Reality of the DHS Enterprise Field Intelligence Information Sharing Environment
Homeland Security Affairs The Journal of the NPS Center for Homeland Defense and Security
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HOMELAND SECURITY AFFAIRS PRACADEMIC AFFAIRS
By Michael Brown
MICHAEL BROWN'S THESIS
The Reality of the DHS Enterprise Field Intelligence Information
Sharing Environment
– Executive Summary – Terrorist attacks such as those between 2014 and early 2017 in Garland, San Bernardino,
Orlando, Fort Lauderdale, Seaside, and Chelsea highlight the increased challenge of preventing
terrorist and homegrown violent extremists in the Homeland. At its core, the challenge for
information sharing involves how federal, state, local, territorial, and tribal counterterrorism
(CT) operations that collect, receive, analyze, and act upon information and intelligence prior to
an attack. The Information Sharing Environment (ISE) was intended to reform and improve how
intelligence/information sharing for CT would be accomplished. Given the rising domestic
terrorism threat almost 13 years after the ISE was signed into law, this thesis analyzes the
remaining ISE challenges and explores two alternative approaches to information sharing that
may pave a di�erent path toward building trust across the CT communities.
The 9/11 Commission Report detailed a framework for future intelligence reform in section
13.2 titled Unity of E�ort in the Intelligence community. While this directly led to the creation of
the National Counter Terrorism Center, it was not until Congress passed the 2004 Intelligence
Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act (IRTPA) that information sharing for counterterrorism
became law. The 2004 IRTPA created the ISE and de�ned it as, “an overarching approach to
strengthening the sharing of intelligence, terrorism, homeland security, law enforcement, and
other information among federal, state, local, tribal, international, and private sector
partners.”[1] However, despite the creation of the ISE and its program manager, challenges
with information sharing exist. An inconsistent implementation dynamic has led to gaps in
strategic CT capabilities. Local law enforcement lacks access to new, innovative national CT
intelligence collection and analysis capabilities, which ultimately played a role in successful
terrorist attacks from 2014 through 2017. Testimony from local leaders and other
documentation from national police organizations have linked the problem to a lack of local
intelligence collection and sharing activities prior to the attacks.
This thesis attempts to outline and detail some of the challenges for the ISE and its
implementation of information sharing strategies since 9/11. However, this thesis also
proposes that the solutions to these ISE challenges may already exist within two existing yet
disparate counterterrorism programs: U.S. special operations forces (SOF) and the New York
Police Department Intelligence Program. When the best practices of each model are combined,
SOF/Team-of-Teams and the NYPD intelligence unit, they form a framework that contributes to
an environment that fosters “robust, real-time information sharing” to the lowest operator level
possible. Along with other recommended revisions from Congress, these case studies can
contribute to an improved information sharing environment across the homeland security
enterprise.
[1] Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act, Pub. Law No. 108-458 (2004),
https://www.nctc.gov/docs/pl108_458.pdf.
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