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Activity descriptionExercise is any form of physical activity which requires human movement including dance, sports, weight training, and other recreational activities. According to Green & Lim (2007), the therapeutic use of exercise is to improve functions and impairments such to meet treatments goals. Examples of therapeutic goals are to increase joint mobility and circulation, as well as improved respiratory capacity, and strength.Exercise is done deliberately, is planned, and incorporates repetitive body movements to improve physical fitness (Dattilo & McKenney, 2016, pp. 95). Cross training is a great form of exercise that incorporates both aerobic exercises and anaerobic exercises to improve agility, balance, coordination, power, reaction, and speed. It can improve and increase an individuals overall wellness, physical activity, and physical fitness.
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Activity PurposeThe purpose of participating in an exercise routine results with improvements in physical and mental health, as well as living a long and healthy life for all people including those with disability (Dattilo & McKenney, 2016, pp. 93).The goal of exercise such as weight training or swimming, is to improve a persons overall wellness through increased or improved cardiovascular endurance, muscular performance, muscular strength, muscular power, muscular endurance, body composition, flexibility, and heath related quality of life. Exercise is extremely important because inactivity may result in the early development of heart disease, diabetes, obesity, and hypertension (Lieberman, 2007). Other diseases that are a result of inactivity include cardiovascular and lung disease, cancer, and diabetes.
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equipmentRigSquat RackKettlebellsDumbbellsBarbellsBar CollarsResistance bandsGymnastics ringsClock/TimerParallettesRopeMedicine Ball
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Participants and types of leadershipsThe recommended number of participants for this activity would be 4-6 people.A coach would need to be present for every 2 people who have a physical disability of limitation, depending on the severity of the condition.The coach or instructor would be required to have a personal training certification from ACE (or like personal training credentials) and/or CrossFit Level 1 Certification.It would be recommended to have a professional who is familiar and has done a sufficient amount of research on disabilities, to accommodate for someone who is an amputee or is paraplegic.
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Activity instructionsGreet the participants and introduce the workout for that day.Conduct a physical assessment, measure heart rate and calculate target heart rate ranges.Create an individualize program plan for the participant and their goals.Stretch prior to exercising to prevent any injuries.Thoroughly explain all movements with the proper technique.Have the participants carry out the movements and make any necessary modifications.Monitor heart rate and breathing throughout the exercise to ensure the participant is not going above the maximum heart rate.Stretch after exercising to reduce muscle soreness and conclude the session.
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Therapeutic benefitsAccording to Anshel (2014), the psychological benefits of exercise that improve mental health and cognition are: Improved mood statesImproved self-esteemDecreased anxietyDecrease of mild to moderate depressionDecreased stress levelsDecreased symptoms of neuroticism
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Therapeutic benefitsPhysical promotion of:Muscular strengthEnduranceFlexibilityOptimal body compositionCardiovascular functioningIncreased energyDecreased risk of diabetes, obesity, and other diseasesSocial:Given the increase self-esteem, an individual may be more interactive with others.In group settings, the individual will build relationships with the trainer and other participants.
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During briefing the participants will learn…How to stretch before exercise.The different movements in Cross Training.The equipment used in Cross Training.How to control their breathing to maintain a target heart rate.
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briefing discussion questionsAsk the participants:Have they participated in an exercise activity in the past?What are some of their goals in achieving physical fitness?Are there any movements they are interested in learning?What activities do they think they would most enjoy?
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During debriefing the participants will learn…The participants will reflect on the activity to see if:Their mood was enhanced.They enjoyed exercising.They feel accomplished with their workout.The learned anything new about exercise.They did not like something from the program.
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Debriefing discussion questionsWhat did you learn from exercising?What were some of the movements you performed?Was their overall mood enhanced?What did they enjoy most about the activity?What did they least enjoy about the activity?Was there anything that could have improved the overall process of the activity?Would they like to participate in Cross Training Again?
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Proximity of Facilitator to ParticipantThe facilitators must be able to conduct the activity in a safe environment.The facilitators must be able to provided the necessary adaptations for those with a disabling condition.The therapists and the instructors need to remain close to the participants in case of an emergency, but allowing for them to participate independently.The instructor needs to be able to identify all equipment's and terminology.The instructor must be able to efficiently explain and demonstrate movements with the correct form of technique.The instructor must be able to guide the participant on all movements and intervene when the participant is unsafe during an exercise.
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Safety ConsiderationsThe coach or instructor should make sure that all equipment is in working condition prior to starting the activity.Ensure that the equipment is accessible and all areas are free of any obstacles.The facilitators should assist the participants when they are unable to perform a task or in dangerous situations.
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PrecautionsEnsure that the participant is performing with the correct technique to prevent injury.Making sure that all equipment is functioning properly.Look around to make sure the workout area is free and clear of any unused equipment.Be sure that everyone is aware to ask for assistance when they feel unsafe.Have an alternative movement available if the participant cannot perform it safely.Remain clear of anyone that is actively participating.
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Special RulesDo not lift more than you physically do not feel capable of.Ask for assistance throughout any given point if you feel unsafe.Be aware of your surroundings and other people that are exercising.
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Adaptations for…All adaptations will depend entirely on the disability itself.There are adaptations for:Intellectual disabilityAmputationParaplegia
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Intellectual Disability The participant may participate in many exercise related activities.Be sure to be patient and explain the movements clearly and thoroughly to the individual, as well as demonstrate the movements.Participate in movements that will engage the participant and enhance motor functioning.Teach the fundamentals of each movement to provide an understanding on the purpose of the movements and its benefits.
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AmputationsMost people with any amputation of one of multiple limbs are able to participate in Cross Training. For those with an amputation on single arm or leg, a prosthetic is often used and aids in carrying out exercises such as running or weight lifting.When having an amputation in an arm, it is common to see the individual participate in exercising using only the arm that is fully functional or using specialized equipment that strap to the remaining limb, allowing the individual to fully complete a movement. When a person has an amputation of the lower limbs, they will be in a wheel chair and will only be able to complete upper body movements. Depending on the location of the amputation, they will be able to perform some lower body movements as well.
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ParaplegiaAs previously stated, when a person has an amputation of the lower limbs, they will be in a wheel chair and will only be able to complete upper body movements. This would be common in the case of a person with a spinal cord injury. The individual will work on core exercises to build core strength, as well as upper body movements to increase strength and endurance in the arms.
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referencesDattilo, J., & McKenney, A. (2016). Facilitation techniques in therapeutic recreation. State College, PA: Venture Publishing. Greene, B., & Lim, S. S. (2007). The role of physical therapy in management of patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Retrieved from http://www.2.arthritis.org/research/Bulletin/Vol52No4/Printable.htmLieberman, J. A. (2007). Therapeutic exercise. Retrieved from http://www.emedicine.com/pmr/topic199.htm
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TherapeuticUseofExercise.pptx
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