last draft

The human capacity for deception, to lie and to communicate honestly is depicted by nature. The lie was born, and humans use deception and lie to inflate their images. Positive and some adverse outcomes can be seen, but everyone uses deception for either minor or significant achievement. People are motivated to lie because of their desired results. While some may lies to gain fame, and other may lie to save himself from danger. All humans in one or the other way are adept to it. Lies may attract people at first, but later, these liars face notoriety and social failure. We lie with ease because we think for short-term advantage and happiness but consequences and grief that it could bring for us. We cannot think for a human who is honest in all his/her dealings because dishonesty is as essential and depicted in our behaviors.

"Being deceitful has become an unbothered part of our practices, and it is no more wrong to say that to lie is human." (Dol,p.1) Every human can deceive each other and be deceived or to deceive others is not surprising. These days the most common lie people use is to make money or wealth from others. Fraud and lie are two standard practices used by people, and they feel nothing challenging to use dishonest communication for their gain. It is a universal talent of humans, and no one can deny this fact. Lying is an easy way to gain something like power instead of putting efforts. We all lie but still want others to tell us the truth. To tell a lie might be difficult for the first time, but it doesn't feel difficult for next time. Socialization also plays an essential role in shaping behaviors and communication standards. If a child is not aware of outcomes, then he/she is raised in such a social setting where to lie is not a big deal. There is no criticism nor punishment overlying. Over time they develop skills to lie, and thus no one can detect that something is going wrong.

People become liars over some time, and these processes enable them to listen and understand tricks that other liars use to trap them. The brain starts adopting things and behaviors from the social world. The first stage is the self-acceptance of lies and dishonesty. Thoughtfulness, deceit and trust are forms of assault on human beings. Self-defense is also an excuse people use to lie. After lying the first time, step by step, people learn to cope with their fear-related lies. It all depends on the consequences of a first time lie. A society is a primary accelerator of behaviors, and this is where we learn and practice our shaped behaviors. "A society, then, whose members were unable to distinguish truthful messages from deceptive ones, would collapse. But even before such a general collapse, individual choice and survival would be imperiled” (Dol, 2).." A society that didn't teach its people to be answerable about their behaviors, values, and norms raise dishonest and liars. As the article says, "Some of them may have been more experienced or more suspicious, better speakers and listeners, better readers of presentational communication, or simply smarter" (Dol, 2).(. This statement shows that to be a good liar, you want to be smarter. Some liars lie to each other, and the funny aspect is that they fail to understand tricks that other liars use over them.

Co-operative behaviors shape our communication styles, and this is true that it depends on social norms, and in our society, people being selfish didn't cooperate and help each other. As the article says, "Co-operation, then, is a reasonable individual choice only to the extent that the others are also willing to avoid freeloading. Everybody should agree to put some of their selfish interests aside” (Dol, 2).." In societies where children's raised in support of lying and their behaviors didn't address appropriately as right or wrong, trust collapse there. How could we suppose to trust each other when we are liars? It is also evident that liars have strong mental capacities because they know how to control their emotions. While lying and to make it successful, they have to keep their body and mind supportive at one point. Society is essential everywhere – the ability to lie and to avoid its undesired outcomes also depends on one's social status or social image. For example, people from higher social classes can survive with their lie more than those from the lower social level. This is because of their power to oppose negativity if they occur. An individual from a higher social class can hide all his negativity and lies under cover of his power, but a lower-class individual can't do this.

Children develop into full confident liars when they know that it is easy to tell a lie than to explain the truth. "Most importantly, lying is a more complex cognitive activity than honest speaking, and lie detection is more complex than simple comprehension, both requiring additional cognitive processing” (Dol, 2).." When children understand that to lie is secure and to detect what is a lie is severe, then they adopt this communication style for their daily life and become professional liars. To lie is a universal human attribute, but the way people use it to defend themselves is different. The lie is a variable behavioral act that brings different outcomes for people – it could be a feeling of pleasure, or it could bear a loss of something. Negative and positive results needed to be expected when we lie, and we should be ready for this. This is how liars are developed into a different character that is not accepted by society. Society is the accelerator of these behaviors, and society itself hates those who lie. Good Closing Sentence. The rest is not needed. This is a bit confusing that individually makes society and every individual in one, or the other way is a liar and dishonest then, on what basis we criticize others and judge their behaviors?

Liars and those to lied both need to have special skills. "The victims of the liars, those lied to, must have made as variable a group as the liars. Many of them may have never understood what was happening: their skills were not good enough for the detection of lies." (Dol, 3). I am assuming this is from Dol. Keep the author’s last name followed by comma and then the page number. MLA Format. This statement from the article says that the person to whom we lied fails to understand the situation but later, when the liar gains more shares, they understood the story. A liar cannot withstand challenges in his/her life because they are adept at seeing things differently.

Their understanding of the external world is different from other humans, and they try to win the ground by using their talent of dishonest and thoughtfulness communication. From professional to personal life, they shape their relationships on lies because they become adaptive to gain and success whether of the short-term. "Lies may also eliminate or obscure relevant alternatives, as when a traveler is falsely told a bridge has collapsed. At times, lies foster the belief that there are more alternatives than is the case; at other times, a lie may lead to the unnecessary loss of confidence in the best alternative” (Bok, 5).." This statement shows how confidence in lie sometimes brings unnecessary outcomes and suffering in forms of alternatives. People become liars because of various reasons, and this is directly affected by the environment in which they live. Society raises liars by fueling their negative behaviors. There are a number of social factors like poor laws and an adaptive mindset that turns make a person into a liar. Being liar is not a choice but a behavior that is shaped over time. Falsehood or lie is itself suffering and the liar suffer at all but a little glamour of lie attracts them to suffer for long. (repetitive)

2. How to be protected from being deceived?

The explanation of truthfulness, trust, and deceive shows that every individual can participate in deceiving others. A saying from the article "Its use can also be quite trivial, as in white lies. Yet its potential for coercion and for destruction is such that society could scarcely function without some degree of truthfulness in speech and action” (Bok, 4).." The use of honest communication brings different and more favorable results than the use of dishonest language and lie. I agree with this saying that truthfulness is crucial for the functioning of society. Both actions and speech matter for the stability of society, and we need to avoid decisiveness and lie. A society without respect and truth cannot survive and operate on high standards. We can protect our society by aligning our actions along with truthfulness, decency and honesty. This is the reason the person to have lied is advised to be careful about what he/she is listening to. Lying requires a cause, while truth-telling does not. It must be excused; ideas must be produced, in any one case, to show why a particular lie is not "mean and culpable”(Bok, 6).." This is true, and this statement is showing us how to be protected from being deceived. Lying needs a reason, a liar can speak anything that he/she wants to strengthen his/her claim, but it is up to us how we perceive that lie. Some people listen and react immediately. The best way to be protected from being deceived is to interpret the validity of the information and the person who is telling this. And then the question arises that how we can understand that the data is valid or not. The answer to these questions is; "great things" have been done by those who have "little regard for good faith” (Bok, 7).." Explain this quote. What does it mean to you or what does this have to do protecting us from liars?

We can be protected from being deceived by showing courage and confidence in things that a liar tries to deny. For example, "Liars share with those they deceive the desire not to be deceived." (Bok, 7). The statement "While here we observed escalation of decisions that involved self-serving dishonesty, we hypothesize that diminished amygdala response may have important behavioral consequences extending to other domains of decision-making” (Garrett, Lazzaro, Ariely, and Sharot, 14)," shows that honest communication can help to make decisions that might extend over different domains. This statement also shows that being a liar is not an attitude but behavior that might affect an individual in different ways. Decision making is an important aspect that raises a person to speak truth or lie.

By being honest with one's self is also an important indicator to stop being deceived? Those who accept their inner voice and listen to their person never go deceived. "Dishonesty significantly impacts our personal lives and public institutions." (Garrett, Lazzaro, Ariely, and Sharot, 13). This statement from the article is true so far – dishonesty to self-impact our lives in numerous ways. The belief in a thing that doesn't exist and reaction on those things negatively affect the personal and social image of an individual, disrupt their relationships and bring other negative consequences. Combining these paragraphs helps the essay flow better.

The article further (add words like further or also when writing new paragrpahs to help the reader understand that you continuing to make your points) says that human capacity for deception is secure, and it could be enhanced by taking measures instead of the human capacity for honest communication. By this saying, one thing is clear that we can improve our behavior being deceptive. Those who adopt the habit of lying over small things will lie at every cost, thus to be protected from being deceived, one should have to take measures. I would take a sentence of two from this paragraph and added to the beginning of the previous paragraph. That way the quotes that follow and your explanation help will flow better. Both this and the previous paragraph talk about similar things.

From a broader perspective, hones speaking is a key to spread positivity. We all are liars; thus, we all are deceives. When we deceive others by lying over something, then we should be ready for the same reaction. We should put efforts on individual levels to avoid dishonest communication and to deceive someone by lying. Lying is the most fundamental problem that needs to be prohibited for the elimination of decisiveness in our behaviors. We need to establish standards of trust among each other. Liars use faith as a weapon to attack others and affect their perception. Indeed, we do not recognize a lair by his/her face, but the way to avoid being deceived, we can interpret the information we got from them – the source of information. Individuals and societies can be protected from being deceived by establishing trust and honest communication as a mode of interaction. "A language that would really evolve only for honest communication would probably be much simpler, require much less from its speakers, and change society to a much less dramatic degree." (Dol 04) This is true that honest communication requires much to accelerate change in society. Less and simpler communication requires less effort, but it brings much change and positivity. Only honest communication could help us to foster positive change. Lying brings short-term change, but honest communication and decent language foster positive change in society. Thus instead of thinking about short-term positivity, we should think for long-term positive social change by communicating honestly and by avoiding lying.

In conclusion, a liar becomes a full professional liar who does not fall short because of the consequences of his/her lies by the support of socialization and society. A liar spread anxiety by deceiving people for their gain. Being deceived could be destructive. Because deceive thoughts Deception make us vulnerable towards our relationships and our dealings. Being deceive means, we will take those things that might not exist in reality. We can protect ourselves from being deceived in several ways, like by becoming active towards people around us, becoming honest to ourselves, and by interpreting the validity of information come to us. The paper discusses these two focuses in detail. The article talks about liars and factors that contribute to shaping a laying personality. There are a number of factors that assist in making a person liar. Still, the role of society is highlighting in three articles—further consequences of being deceived and how this could be avoided. There are some ways, but the most important is how an individual responds and puts individual efforts to prevent decisiveness. Your conclusion should be short. You need two to three more sentences. Two should summarize how society is protected, and the last one closes/summarizes your main point.

Venus,

Much better. I see that your paragraphs flow better and are organized. Great job on the corrections and edits.

One note about MLA Format, see example below

“Insert quote” (author last name, page number). You don’t need to write pg. 4, just the number after the last name and comma is good.

In terms of the substance, there are paragraphs who can combine because they talk about the same thing. Only start a new paragraph if the topic or subject changes.

Good quotes and explaining it. Now when I read it, I know what you are arguing is the best way to protect society and why you agree with it.

Lastly, your conclusion needs a little more work. You want to summarize all your points but it should only be about 5-7 sentences. Just summarize and discuss how one becomes a liar, and how society is protected. Last sentence, summarize your main point.