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Test1

· Question 1

20 out of 20 points

Chapter 2 and 3 Terms

Question

Igneous intrusive rock with high silica content

Igneous intrusive rock with low silica content-dark colored, mafic

Igneous intrusive rock with intermediate (about 50%) silica content

Igneous extrusive rock with high silica content

Igneous extrusive rock with low silica content-dark colored, mafic

Igneous extrusive rock with intermediate (about 50%) silica content

Sedimentary rock that consists of CaCO3 ; common in areas with sinkholes

Sedimentary rock with distinct bedding planes that is found near coal deposits

Sedimentary rock that consists of CaMg(CO3)2;

Detrital sedimentary rock that is made up of cemented sand-sized particles

Metamorphic rock formed from shale; used on roofs in England

Metamorphic rock with foliations of alternating light and dark colored materials

Metamorphic rock formed from sandstone

Nonfoliated metamorphic rock formed primarily from limestone and dolomite

Wind-blown silt deposits

Soil and rock deposited by glacial ice

Soil transported and deposited by gravity

Soil transported and deposited by streams

The rigid outer layer of the earth, approximately 100 kilometers thick

A hot, viscous earth layer at a depth of 100 to 250 kilometers

· Question 2

2 out of 2 points

Why is human population growth often considered the foremost environmental problem?

· Question 3

2 out of 2 points

How are the impacts of natural hazards linked to population growth?

· Question 4

2 out of 2 points

Seventy-five percent (75%) of the earth’s crust consists of these two elements

· Question 5

2 out of 2 points

The two major types of crust are oceanic crust and ________.

· Question 6

2 out of 2 points

This is the most important carbonate mineral; it is soft and is a major constituent of limestone and marble.

· Question 7

2 out of 2 points

Plastic deformation of bedrock results in

· Question 8

2 out of 2 points

If a stress is applied to a brittle rock and the elastic limit is exceeded, the rock will likely ________

· Question 9

2 out of 2 points

A plate tectonic boundary in which subduction can occur is called a ___________ boundary.

· Question 10

2 out of 2 points

Convex, upward-arching rock folds are

· Question 11

2 out of 2 points

This occurs when an earthquake transforms a saturated granular soil from a solid state to a liquid state

· Question 12

2 out of 2 points

Soil that develops adjacent to bedrock is

· Question 13

2 out of 2 points

Soils are generally classified in these four categories

· Question 14

2 out of 2 points

Pore spaces in soil can consist of

· Question 15

2 out of 2 points

This is the USCS soil classification for a silty-clay

· Question 16

2 out of 2 points

The Web Soil Survey program was developed by this federal agency

· Question 17

2 out of 2 points

The total pressure in a soil is equal to

· Question 18

2 out of 2 points

One result of wolf reintroduction in Yellowstone National Park is

· Question 19

2 out of 2 points

The study of living things and their relationship to the environment is

· Question 20

2 out of 2 points

The proposed Pebble Mine in Alaska contains ore that will produce this metal

· Question 21

2 out of 2 points

This species is native to the region in which it lives

· Question 22

2 out of 2 points

The Kissimmee River in Florida needed restoration because of

· Question 23

2 out of 2 points

Why is history important in understanding natural hazards?

· Question 24

2 out of 2 points

What does the concept of acceptable risk refer to?

· Question 25

2 out of 2 points

Why does population increase affect the number of catastrophic events?

· Question 26

2 out of 2 points

A(n) _______________ is a disaster from which recovery is long and involved.

· Question 27

2 out of 2 points

In a desert, this is the sedimentation feature that forms when runoff (water) flows from a narrow mountain valley to a wide plain

· Question 28

2 out of 2 points

One of the characteristics of a meandering river is

· Question 29

2 out of 2 points

The total sediment load in a river consists of

· Question 30

2 out of 2 points

A graph of flow rate (y-axis) and time (x-axis) is called a

· Question 31

2 out of 2 points

Which government agency has a network of stream gages to measure flow rate and river stage height in the United States?

· Question 32

2 out of 2 points

This is a non-structural method of flood control

· Question 33

2 out of 2 points

A manmade earth embankment that is constructed parallel to a river to increase capacity and prevent flooding is a

· Question 34

2 out of 2 points

Water that seeps and flows into unconsolidated material and bedrock is

· Question 35

2 out of 2 points

This is the USGS online software application that you used to delineate the watershed upstream of Patoka Lake

· Question 36

2 out of 2 points

This is the name of a u-shaped or crescent shaped lake that forms when a river cutoffs a meander

· Question 37

2 out of 2 points

The portion of rainfall that flows off the land and directly into a river is called

· Question 38

2 out of 2 points

A comprehensive term for any type of downslope movement of Earth materials is

· Question 39

2 out of 2 points

The safety factor for a landslide is

· Question 40

2 out of 2 points

Why are landslides more common on steep slopes?

· Question 41

2 out of 2 points

Why is drainage control sometimes an effective method of landslide control?

Test 2

· Question 1

20 out of 20 points

Select the correct answer.

Question

Fine ground waste rock from a mining operation

Common mineral containing lead

Modified Mercalli Scale is used to measure __________

Type of dip-slip fault where the hanging wall moves down relative to the foot-wall

Type of dip-slip fault where the hanging wall moves up relative to the foot-wall

These seismic waves travel outward from the focus in all directions

These seismic waves travel outward from the epicenter in all directions

This seismic surface wave has side-to-side motion and cannot travel through fluids

Seismic surface wave where the ground moves in an elliptical path opposite to the direction of the wave motion…extremely damaging to buildings

Compressional seismic body wave that travels 4-7 kilometers per second

Shearing seismic body wave that travels 2-5 kilometers per second

Transformation of water-saturated granular material from a solid to a liquid during an earthquake

Opening through which lava and pyroclastic materials are erupted at the surface of Earth

These flat or funnel shaped features of a volcano are formed by the explosion of the upper portion of a volcano

Release of steam and superheated water at the surface of Earth. There are many of these at Yellowstone National Park

One of many ores from which copper is derived

Primary ore for making aluminum

1980 volcano eruption in southwest Washington state

Discovered deposits of mineral resources that can be extracted economically and legally under present conditions

A steep sided volcanic hill formed by ash and pyroclastic material

· Question 2

2 out of 2 points

A strike-slip fault has what type of motion?

· Question 3

0 out of 2 points

Tsunamis are generated by

· Question 4

2 out of 2 points

The location on the surface of the earth above the point of initial breakage and movement along an earthquake fault (where seismic surface waves originate)

· Question 5

2 out of 2 points

Seismic waves amplify when moving through

· Question 6

2 out of 2 points

How does earthquake magnitude differ from intensity?

· Question 7

2 out of 2 points

In what region did a major tsunami strike in late 2004?

· Question 8

2 out of 2 points

What are the two nearest fault zones that cause earthquakes felt in Evansville, Indiana?

· Question 9

2 out of 2 points

Why are most active volcanoes associated with plate tectonic boundaries?

· Question 10

2 out of 2 points

What determines the viscosity of magma that emerges from a volcano?

· Question 11

2 out of 2 points

This type of volcano has broad slopes formed from low viscosity lava. Mount Kilauea is this type of volcano

· Question 12

2 out of 2 points

Pyroclastics and lava flowing out of volcanoes form

· Question 13

2 out of 2 points

Why do composite volcanoes consist of alternating lava and pyroclastic layers?

· Question 14

2 out of 2 points

A lahar is produced when

· Question 15

2 out of 2 points

What is the principal difference between craters and calderas?

· Question 16

2 out of 2 points

Why are the impacts of coastal hazards so great?

· Question 17

2 out of 2 points

As oceanic waves enter shallow water

· Question 18

2 out of 2 points

The _________ __________ is the time it takes for successive wave crests to pass a point.

· Question 19

2 out of 2 points

_____ is the movement of sand parallel to the shore.

· Question 20

2 out of 2 points

These offshore structures are typically constructed parallel to the shoreline to absorb the force of large waves and provide quiet water near shore

· Question 21

2 out of 2 points

Why does damming a river close to the coast sometimes contribute to coastal erosion?

· Question 22

2 out of 2 points

_____ carry fine-grained sediments out of the surf zone into deeper water and are a serious coastal hazard to swimmers

· Question 23

2 out of 2 points

In the northern hemisphere, hurricanes

· Question 24

2 out of 2 points

A ridge of sediment that cuts a bay off from the ocean is called a

· Question 25

2 out of 2 points

The top of the saturated zone in an unconfined aquifer

· Question 26

2 out of 2 points

The total area drained by a stream and its tributaries

· Question 27

2 out of 2 points

The boundary between drainage basins is called the

· Question 28

2 out of 2 points

The unidirectional flow rate in a confined aquifer is proportional to the

· Question 29

2 out of 2 points

Karst topography is characterized by caves and sinkholes that form in this type of bedrock

· Question 30

2 out of 2 points

The variable S in the NRCS Runoff Curve Number equation, Q = (P-0.2S)2/(P+0.8S) represents

· Question 31

2 out of 2 points

If water is so abundant on Earth, why are water resources such a big concern?

· Question 32

2 out of 2 points

What is the principal cause of cultural eutrophication?

· Question 33

2 out of 2 points

Point sources of pollution are regulated with NPDES permits. These permits are authorized by this United States law.

· Question 34

2 out of 2 points

The BOD5 test is used to measure the amount of ______ in water

· Question 35

2 out of 2 points

This river in Cleveland, Ohio caught fire in 1969 and damaged a bridge

· Question 36

2 out of 2 points

The city of Evansville is currently operating under a consent decree with the United States Environmental Protection Agency for these environmental violations

· Question 37

2 out of 2 points

High mercury levels have been detected in these saltwater fish

· Question 38

2 out of 2 points

An MIT study determined why millions of people in Bangladesh were exposed to this toxic chemical in their drinking water

· Question 39

2 out of 2 points

Which of the following is considered to be a non-metallic mineral resource

· Question 40

2 out of 2 points

Which of the following is an igneous process that forms mineral resources

· Question 41

2 out of 2 points


	This is one of the many environmental impacts of mineral development