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Organizational Behavior

Organizational Behavior refers to the study of what individuals think, do, and feel in and around their organizations (McShane & Glinow, 2017). It examines both individual and group performance and their actions within the company or organization. It studies a person’s behavior in the work environment and ascertains its effect on work arrangement, presentation, motivation, communication, and leadership (Tasselli et al., 2018). Organizational behavior links other fields to establish a unique discipline. The companies in which individuals work affect their feelings, actions, and thoughts hence impacting the organization in general. The discipline studies the contrivances governing these links to recognize and nurture behaviors effective for the survival of the organization.

Motivation (LO 5-2)

Motivation refers to the powers that drive an individual to do something more effectively and voluntarily. It is the process of stimulating persons to deeds to achieve the set objectives (McShane & Glinow, 2017). Employee motivation is the amount of energy, persistency, creativity, and commitment that workers carry to their organization in their course of work. Employees who are highly motivated tend to offer effective engagement and work productivity. An organization that needs to have an engaged and inspired staff needs to understand the drives and emotions of employee motivation. Drives are essential for motivation as they enhance emotions hence affecting how people act in their environment. The drives and the acquired emotions create the human needs which influence peoples’ behaviors and decisions within the organization. For instance, happiness motivates individuals to work effectively and provide better performance to the organization.

In Kareem’s Bakery, a company where I work as a customer service agent, I have seen various employees working more effectively and dedicating themselves since they are happy with the management system. My company offers incentives and rewards to hardworking and innovative employees hence motivating them to work harder and offer the best services to the company. The executive manager rewards the employees with the most sales every financial year making everyone work harder to receive the rewards. Innovative workers are also given monetary rewards whenever they implement a strategy or device that would increase the company's output or sales. All employees of my company are happy and work efficiently due to the motivation they receive from the management. Therefore, all managers need to reward their employees as it would make them happy hence increasing their motivation. Motivated employees are always highly engaged and provide quality services to the organization.

Job Design Practices (LO 6-3)

Job design refers to the process of allocating duties to an occupation including the inter-relation of the tasks to other duties (McShane & Glinow, 2017). It is the process of arranging or re-arranging work to reduce or overcome job dissatisfaction and workers' alienation resulting from repetitive and manual tasks. The type of job design used in a company determines the level of efficiency faced in the organization. In Kareem's Bakery, various workers are assigned specific duties basing on their specialization. For instance, there are cashiers, bakers, cleaners, sales representatives, and managers. Job specialization in the company has led to improved work efficiency since the workers have reduced the variety of duties to manage. There is less time lost in changing to one task from another hence there is no slow performance. The employees became more efficient in a short period as they specialized in various tasks. The management took less time to train people physically and mentally concerning their job roles hence effective performance. The workers mastered their jobs quickly hence they improved their performance gradually.

Some of the cashiers in my company however complain about the nature of their work. They say that the jobs are very specialized that they have become tedious, socially isolating, and trivial. Most of them want to be shifted from one operation to another to reduce boredom and repetition of tasks. Various cashiers say they are not motivated as they perform the same tasks every day leading to reduced efficiency as they undertake their duties only for formalities. There have been several cases of absenteeism and employee turnover due to specialization with shirt cycle periods. The repetitive nature of the work has led to low attention to work hence minimizing engagement and efficiency. Therefore, managers need to practice effective techniques used in job design like job enrichment, enlargement, simplification, and rotation to reduce boredom and increase employee motivation.

Team Development (LO 8-3)

Team members of every organization must resolve conflicts and pass through various development stages to become an effective and engaged work unit (McShane & Glinow, 2017). Every employee should know and trust each other to work effectively. They should familiarize themselves with each other's roles, ascertain the appropriate and inappropriate behaviors of each other and learn how to coordinate and work together for effectiveness. Workers who work together for a longer period tend to understand each other effectively hence forming a mutual understanding and respect towards one another. Team development involves five distinct stages which are; forming, adjourning, storming, performing, and norming. Forming is the first stage and it involves testing and orientation whereby members learn about each other and assess the costs and benefits of membership. The storming stage involves interpersonal conflicts since the team members become proactive and compete for the various roles. The team develops cohesion, establishes roles, and defines the objectives during the norming stage. Members become highly cooperative during the performing stage as they have learned how to resolve their conflicts. The team tends to disband during the adjourning stage and the members shift their attention from tasks to relationships.

Team members need to understand their roles and build their teams effectively. In my company, team building is enhanced through clarification of job roles for everyone, setting objectives, and interpersonal associations which build trust and mutual understanding within the team. Workers have welfare groups that help individuals in times of need. For instance, workers tend to financially aid people who have wedding or burial ceremonies or medical emergencies and other instances that require financial assistance. The company also holds inter-departmental bowling competitions at the end of every financial year to create strong personal relationships between workers apart from the work settings hence the employees become highly motivated and engaged thus increasing organizational output. Therefore, every manager and organization needs to develop effective strategies that would enhance effective team building and promote good relationships among their workers.

Organizational Culture (LO 14-1)

Organizational culture refers to the assumptions and values shared within the workplace or in an organization (McShane & Glinow, 2017). It establishes the proper way in which individuals should behave within an organization. It comprises of the mutually shared beliefs enhanced by the management and communicated and reinforced through several ways to shape the worker’s behaviors, perceptions, and understanding (Paul et al., 2018). Organizational culture comprises of the shared assumptions which are considered as the correct way of thinking and acting within the organization (Paul et al., 2018). Businesses and organizations need to define their culture as it would dictate what is wrong and right within the workplace setting hence affecting how the employees behave.

Kareem’s Bakery has various essential values that are defined as the culture of the business. For instance, the management set a culture of putting the customer first above all things. Workers are encouraged to listen to customers’ demands at all times and meet their needs as it would lead to customer satisfaction hence their retention. All the employees politely talk to customers and develop an effective personal relationship with the clients hence the customers leave the company while happy and contented with the services. Teamwork is another culture present in my company. The management encourages all employees to work together and build strong teamwork that would increase their personal and work relationships hence effective engagement. Passion is another important value that forms the culture of Kareem’s Bakery. Workers are encouraged to do their duties with passion as they are all assigned duties that suit them effectively. The management also defines integrity as part of the company’s values and every team member is required to be honest and true in their dealings. Dishonesty within the organization is highly discouraged and punishable. Workers in the bakery are required to have the commitment and always embrace change at all times for improved efficiency. Therefore, all companies need to define their business culture to direct and guide their employees at all times.

It is important to study organizational behavior as it helps managers establish the aspects that can inspire and motivate their workers hence increasing their performance. It also helps the organizations develop a strong and mutual association with their workers hence reducing absenteeism and employee turnover.

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