Child Abused and Child neglect

Historical Factors of Child Abuse and Neglect

University of Denver

Teresa Busby

October 11, 2019

Historical Factors of Child Abuse and Neglect

Introduction

For the last 25 years, the problem of child abuse and neglect has been known all over the world. Despite the decrease in this problem, more progress has been investigated. However, this issue has been important to the medical and social service professionals because it is of the determinant. Consequently, it raises many other linked problems in society. In this regard, this paper is proposed to reveal the historical perspective and social construction of child abuse and neglect. Comment by Katherine Lapso: According to whom? Please cite your sources. Comment by Katherine Lapso: Why just the past 25 years? Comment by Katherine Lapso: Consider using a different word

Discussion

Analysis of the Problem

Based on the available state and national sets of data the child abuse and neglect can be regarded as a serious issue which is needed to be controlled (Giovannoni and Becerra, 1979). However, studies have shown that individual and family factors play a role in child abuse and neglect. In the past, community risk factors raise have raised the issue at a higher speed. Certain systematic factors spark the rate of abuse and neglect as well. Though, children are the most delicate creature and should be provided full concentration. Concerning this, general awareness and research are required so that children can remain safe from abuse and neglect which affects the physical and mental health of the children. In most cases abused and neglected children are unable to develop and function in society. Comment by Katherine Lapso: Lacking citations. Comment by Katherine Lapso: Is this your opinion or did someone else suggest this?

The Historical Understanding of Problem

Due to the numerous cases report all around the world cause child abuse and neglect to have a long history. According to Hence the prevention of this child abuse and neglect the government have developed rules and policies by law. Historical analysis reveals children face abuse and neglect by their parents and adults around since years before (Nelson-Gardell and Harris, 2003). Thereby, for many centuries the laws of the society also remained to protect children from this curse. However, this is the era of developments and advancements and serious action is required to abolish child abuse and neglect from society. Comment by Katherine Lapso: Consider revising this sentence. Comment by Katherine Lapso: Please review how to properly cite your references. Comment by Katherine Lapso: Please be more specific. Since years before what? Comment by Katherine Lapso: Tell me more about these laws. Were they effective? Did you see anything about the root cause of child abuse and neglect and not just bandaid ways of preventing it (laws)?

Throughout the year’s, children were labeled property of their parents until the late 1800s. However, in the 1870s abuse and neglect caught the attention of the nation. Moreover, at that time there were no organizations that can could work for the children and protect orphans, too. Soon after it was realized that laws are required to protect children from abuse and neglect. Eventually, an increment in the number of abuse over the orphans created enough outrage over this social issue and the concerned authorities started to prevent children from cruelty (Nelson-Gardell and Harris, 2003). Comment by Katherine Lapso: This sentence is confusing to me. Please revise.

The Social Construction of Problem

One of the common social problems due to social factors are child abuse. However, every year more than 3.6 million cases of child abuse occur in the U.S. While in the developing countries this rate is more than the United States. Existing reports exposes that almost 6 million children yearly become the victim of this issue (Gelles, 2017). This issue has a direct relationship with the mental and socioeconomic conditions of the parents and caretakers. Though, some parents can be called criminals because they just abuse and neglect their children with any mental and economic problems. Moreover, each day about 4 or 5 children are killed by parents who use alcohol & drugs (Gelles, 2017). Comment by Katherine Lapso: This sentence is very vague and rather confusing. Consider revising. Comment by Katherine Lapso: According to whom? Cite any data that you are adding to your paper.

Identification of Stakeholders

The stakeholders related to child abuse and neglect include those individuals, groups, organizations, and children who are impacted by abuse and neglect. However, it is a social issue and affects the whole community (Dettlaff and Rycraft, 2008). Therefore, many social and government organizations are interested in and working to control this issue. A study regarding the identification of stakeholders exposes that a concentrated effort by the stakeholders such as child welfare agencies and other community stakeholders are made that ensures that children are kept maintained in their homes, hostels, or orphanage houses. in In addition to this, stakeholders had involved medical consultation to work for this cause so that affected children can be given proper medical care and therapeutically interventions (Kolko et al., 2009). While the support of the families and professionals are required so that all the stakeholders can achieve success in eliminating the issue of child abuse and neglect. Comment by Katherine Lapso: Please cite this source. I’m curious to know about ‘keeping kids in hostels and orphanages’. That sounds like a very outdated article. Comment by Katherine Lapso: revise Comment by Katherine Lapso: Not a complete sentence.

Interventions

For the solution of this social issue, various interventions are initiated by social workers, stakeholders, and families of the children so that the professional help can be sought for the control of the addicted abusers who cause some kind of traumatic harms and serious problem for the children (Kolko et al., 2009). Comment by Katherine Lapso: Please tell us more about what you mean by additcted abusers. Are they addicted to a substance? Are they addicted to abuse?

The Micro-Level Intervention.

Interventions adopted by social workers can be broad but the simplest type is micro-level intervention. It involves direct connection, and cross discussion with the children and family. The support of families and professional can eliminate the issues of abuse and neglect. Whereas, social workers are keeping an eagle eye over the culprits hidden in the society who are silently abuse and neglect children (Dettlaff and Rycraft, 2008). Comment by Katherine Lapso: Are you implying that random people in society are abusing children more than people that are related to the child? It is widely understood that parents and family are more likely to abuse children than random strangers. Furthermore, ‘culprits hidden in society’ do not cause neglect of children. It may also be helpful to distinguish if you are focusing on general abuse or sexual abuse, because those that are responsible for either of those could be different.

The Mezzo and Macro Level Intervention.

Apart from the lower level interventions, the macro-level interventions have been also adopted around the world because this issue has got the attention of social and government institutions. Hence, for the prevention of this child abuse and neglect the government has developed rules and policies by law. For better results, mezzo- level interventions are noticed involving smaller groups of social workers, volunteers, and larger organizations such as childcare centers. In addition to this, the macro-level interventions include part of social workers along with the advocacy on a large scale. Furthermore, this concern has been raised at the national and international levels such as in United Nations Oorganizations (Dettlaff and Rycraft, 2008). However, such interventions can affect entire communities, states or even countries. Comment by Katherine Lapso: What do you mean by lower-level interventions?

References

Dettlaff, A. J., & Rycraft, J. R. (2008). Deconstructing disproportionality: Views from multiple community stakeholders. Child welfare, 87(2), 37-58.

Gelles, R. J. (2017). What to learn from cross-cultural and historical research on child abuse and neglect: An overview. Child Abuse and Neglect: Biosocial Dimensions-Foundations of Human Behavior. Oxon: Routledge.

Giovannoni, J. M., & Becerra, R. M. (1979). Defining child abuse.

Kolko, D. J., Herschell, A. D., Costello, A. H., & Kolko, R. P. (2009). Child welfare recommendations to improve mental health services for children who have experienced abuse and neglect: A national perspective. Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research, 36(1), 50-62.

Nelson-Gardell, D., & Harris, D. (2003). Childhood abuse history, secondary traumatic stress, and child welfare workers. Child welfare, 82(1).