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Hypothesis Statements – Overview and Template

This document contains definitions, examples, and a template to complete for your assignment.

Hypothesis Statements Overview

A hypothesis is a prediction about the relationship between two variables. Hypotheses statements often start as an educated guess about how one variable affects a second variable. A hypothesis statement must be testable (i.e., you can verify or falsify with observable evidence).

Most hypothesis are written in the form of an If/Then statements. Examples of If/Then statements are:

· If you drink coffee before going to bed, then it will take longer to fall asleep.

· If you get at least 8 hours of sleep, you will do better on tests than if you get less sleep.

· If you reduce your consumption of sugar, you will lose weight.

A good hypothesis contains the three elements listed below:

1. The dependent variable(s): Who or what you can vary or control.

2. The independent variable(s): Who or what you predict will affect the dependent variable.

3. What you predict the effect will be.

A good hypothesis statement is written as, IF (the Dependent Variable) THEN (Independent Variable) is affected in a specific way.

Assumptions Versus Hypothesis

There are general differences between an assumption and a hypothesis.

· Assumptions are vague, optimistic, and untestable. Vague = harder to prove or disprove.

· Hypotheses must be specific to be tested. You can design experiments to generate data that support or reject your hypothesis.

Here are some examples of assumptions vs. hypotheses:

Assumption	Hypothesis	Independent Variable (IV)	Dependent Variable (DV)
If you drink coffee before going to bed, then it will take longer to fall asleep.	Consumption of 500 mg of coffee within 1 hour of bedtime will delay time to fall asleep by over 30 minutes.	Caffeine consumption	Time to fall asleep
If you get at least 8 hours of sleep, you will do better on tests than if you get less sleep.	Students who sleep at least 8 hours of the night before will improve test scores by 10%.	Number of hours of sleep	Test score improvement
If you reduce your consumption of sugar, you will lose weight.	Patients who reduce sugar consumption to below 25 grams daily for 90 days will experience 2% weight loss.	Sugar consumption over the next 90 days	Weight loss

Hypothesis Best Practices

Review the examples provided below for tips on writing a strong hypothesis.

Symptom	Fix
Are there vague words like “some people” or “customer”?	Be specific. Create a well-defined persona defining the specific demographic group you are targeting.
Can it be measured specifically, or does it contain vague concepts that cannot be tested?	Create a measurable hypothesis. Eliminate hedging words like “maybe,” “better,” “some,” and convert to If/Then statement.
Is it actually risky?	If it is not truly risky, it is not relevant and does not need to be tested right now. (It may get riskier later and resurface.)
Has a second set of eyes looked at it?	Everyone has blind spots. Check your work with another entrepreneur and ask the person to tighten up the hypothesis to make sure it is specific, measurable, and realistic.

Part 1 – Write a Hypothesis Template

Instructions: Select three problem statements and create three versions of hypotheses statements for each of these problems. Document the problem statement above the chart and complete each row and column as directed in the assignment. Then, write a 250-word summary based on the prompt at the bottom of this document.

Problem statement: ______________________________________________________________________

	Good Hypothesis	Better Version	Best Version	Independent Variable	Dependent Variable
	Example: The addition of fresh water wells within Rio de Janeiro will help.	Example: The addition of fresh water wells within Rio de Janeiro will increase citizens' health.	Example: The addition of seven fresh water wells in the town of Rozinho, (near Rio de Janeiro) will decrease doctor visits by 20%.	Example: Fresh water wells.	Example: Amount of doctor visits.
1.	The Technology of Artificial intelligence has potential advancement that has a great impact on the market.	The Introduction of technological advancement in Artificial intelligence will have a positive impact on the market	The advancement of technology by introduction of robots will increase the rate of production in the market by 30% .	Technological advancement .	Positive impact on the market .
2.	The Adoption of robots by companies in the execution of tasks .	The adoption of robots as robots can be controlled from one system and thus commanded for the execution of various tasks in the firms.	Companies adapting to robots as the robots will be used to perform heavy and onerous tasks that may be heavy to human beings at times. Therefore, being a society where every individual wants the best things in a very short time, robots are vital in the operation of various tasks.	Adoption of robots.	Robots are vital in the operation of various tasks.
3.	The reliability, efficiency, and security of various products and services is the issue at stake for many customers of various products and services.	The adoption of the use of artificial intelligence, incorporating robotics, will help protect the consumers from fraudsters since any execution of tasks is administered from one area hence increasing efficiency and reliability	Adopting the use of Artificial Intelligence and robotics will increase competition among firms, hence increasing productivity and consumer satisfaction .	adoption of the use of artificial intelligence	productivity and consumer satisfaction

Part 2 – Write a Summary of Your Hypothesis Statement

Write a 250-word description of your final hypothesis statement. Describe the independent and dependent variables, and describe how you would objectively define a measurable, testable, replaceable, and meaningful hypothesis. How is your hypothesis measurable? How will you test it?

The independent variables of Technological advancement, Adoption of robots and adoption of the use of artificial intelligence are existing conditions but can be manipulated by the researcher. The dependent variables of Positive impact on the market, Robots are vital in the operation of various tasks and productivity and consumer satisfaction may vary depending on how the independent variable is manipulated and controlled. Team members and employees will be able to connect and relate to one another more effectively if they embrace innovation. Due to the reduction of time spent and lost in the provision of various products and services, this will also improve communication between producers and consumers. As a result of the global market's complexity and competition, using AI and robotics will increase competition among businesses, resulting in increased productivity and customer happiness. Likewise, the percentage of consumers would vary depending on the efficiency and reliability of the company's products.The reliability, efficiency, and security of many products and services are at stake for many consumers (Mourougan, 2017). Furthermore, the usage of artificial intelligence, which includes robotics, would assist in safeguarding consumers from fraudsters because all task execution will be managed from a single location. Communication amongst employees must also be improved(Mourougan, 2017). Use of robots also depends on the availability of human power to adopt artificial intelligence. A hypothesis that can be proved or disproved as a result of testing its data and can be measured by manipulating the independent variable to attain results such as an increase or decrease, is said to be a meaningful hypothesis. A meaningful hypothesis clearly shows the relationships between the independent and dependent variables.

` Reference

Mourougan, S., & Sethuraman, K. (2017). Hypothesis development and testing. IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM), 9(5), 34-40.