Literature review + Finding Section (6 pages total)

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T-tests.docx

Frequencies

Statistics

delinquency COMPUTE delinquency=

friendsdelinquency COMPUTE friendsdelinquency=

familydisruption COMPUTE familydisruption=

parentconcern COMPUTE parentconcern=P1ar + P1cr + P1dr + P1er

N

Valid

569

485

556

571

Missing

3

87

16

1

Mean

13.69

22.65

12.12

4.57

Median

14.00

23.00

12.00

4.00

Mode

14

26

12

4

Std. Deviation

.729

3.181

1.360

1.367

Minimum

9

13

8

4

Maximum

14

26

14

13

Frequency Table

delinquency COMPUTE delinquency=q49aar + q49abr + q49acr + q49adr + q49aer + q49afr + q49agr

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

Valid

9

1

.2

.2

.2

10

2

.3

.4

.5

11

13

2.3

2.3

2.8

12

29

5.1

5.1

7.9

13

67

11.7

11.8

19.7

14

457

79.9

80.3

100.0

Total

569

99.5

100.0

Missing

System

3

.5

Total

572

100.0

The higher the score on the distribution the less delinquent the respondent

friendsdelinquency COMPUTE friendsdelinquency=

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

Valid

13

1

.2

.2

.2

14

6

1.0

1.2

1.4

15

6

1.0

1.2

2.7

16

11

1.9

2.3

4.9

17

19

3.3

3.9

8.9

18

19

3.3

3.9

12.8

19

26

4.5

5.4

18.1

20

32

5.6

6.6

24.7

21

37

6.5

7.6

32.4

22

43

7.5

8.9

41.2

23

45

7.9

9.3

50.5

24

52

9.1

10.7

61.2

25

70

12.2

14.4

75.7

26

118

20.6

24.3

100.0

Total

485

84.8

100.0

Missing

System

87

15.2

Total

572

100.0

The higher the score on the distribution the less delinquent the respondent’s friends are

familydisruption COMPUTE familydisruption=q7ar + q7br + q7cr + q7dr + q7er + q7fr + q7lr

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

Valid

8

5

.9

.9

.9

9

17

3.0

3.1

4.0

10

48

8.4

8.6

12.6

11

93

16.3

16.7

29.3

12

161

28.1

29.0

58.3

13

137

24.0

24.6

82.9

14

95

16.6

17.1

100.0

Total

556

97.2

100.0

Missing

System

16

2.8

Total

572

100.0

parentconcern COMPUTE parentconcern=P1ar + P1cr + P1dr + P1er

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

Valid

4

419

73.3

73.4

73.4

5

81

14.2

14.2

87.6

6

32

5.6

5.6

93.2

7

20

3.5

3.5

96.7

8

5

.9

.9

97.5

9

2

.3

.4

97.9

10

2

.3

.4

98.2

11

3

.5

.5

98.8

12

3

.5

.5

99.3

13

4

.7

.7

100.0

Total

571

99.8

100.0

Missing

System

1

.2

Total

572

100.0

T-TEST GROUPS=GENDER(1 2)

/MISSING=ANALYSIS

/VARIABLES=delinquency friendsdelinquency familydisruption parentconcern

/CRITERIA=CI(.95).

T-Test

Group Statistics

GENDER GENDER

N

Mean

Std. Deviation

Std. Error Mean

delinquency COMPUTE delinquency=

1 Male

274

13.53

.915

.055

2 Female

295

13.84

.450

.026

friendsdelinquency COMPUTE friendsdelinquency=

1 Male

229

22.10

3.489

.231

2 Female

256

23.14

2.795

.175

familydisruption COMPUTE familydisruption=

1 Male

265

12.17

1.352

.083

2 Female

291

12.08

1.369

.080

parentconcern COMPUTE parentconcern=

1 Male

277

4.55

1.389

.083

2 Female

294

4.60

1.348

.079

Independent Samples Test

Levene's Test for Equality of Variances

t-test for Equality of Means

F

Sig.

t

df

Sig. (2-tailed)

Mean Difference

Std. Error Difference

95% Confidence Interval of the Difference

Lower

Upper

delinquency COMPUTE delinquency=q49aar + q49abr + q49acr + q49adr + q49aer + q49afr + q49agr

Equal variances assumed

103.809

.000

-5.272

567

.000

-.315

.060

-.433

-.198

Equal variances not assumed

-5.154

391.182

.000

-.315

.061

-.435

-.195

friendsdelinquency COMPUTE friendsdelinquency=q48aar + q48abr + q48acr + q48adr + q48aer + q48afr + q48agr + q48ahr + q48air + q48ajr + q48akr + q48alr + q48amr

Equal variances assumed

15.819

.000

-3.654

483

.000

-1.044

.286

-1.606

-.483

Equal variances not assumed

-3.610

436.348

.000

-1.044

.289

-1.613

-.476

familydisruption COMPUTE familydisruption=q7ar + q7br + q7cr + q7dr + q7er + q7fr + q7lr

Equal variances assumed

.357

.550

.753

554

.452

.087

.116

-.140

.314

Equal variances not assumed

.753

550.323

.452

.087

.115

-.140

.314

parentconcern COMPUTE parentconcern=P1ar + P1cr + P1dr + P1er

Equal variances assumed

.352

.553

-.497

569

.620

-.057

.115

-.282

.168

Equal variances not assumed

-.496

564.454

.620

-.057

.115

-.282

.168

The t-test is an analysis that tests the differences between means for two groups on a given variable. In this analysis the control variable is gender with males and females as two groups and the study variables are delinquency, friend’s delinquency, family disruption, and parent concern. The results show there is a statistical significant difference between males and females on delinquency (t=-5.272; p=.000) and friend’s delinquency (t=-3.654; p=.000). The findings show that males are slightly more delinquent than females and male respondents perceive their friends as slightly more delinquent as well. In contrast, there is no statistical significant difference between males and females on family disruption (t=.753; p=.452) and parent concern (t=. -497; p=.620). These findings show that males and females are not different in their response to family disruption and parent concern. Overall, you can reject the null hypothesis for delinquency and friend’s delinquency as there is a statistical difference between males and females on the variable. However, you can accept the null hypothesis for family disruption and parent concern, as there is not a statistical difference between males and females on those variables.