project class
osama
T.5_SoilCompaction.pdf
Conducted by: Offered to :
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, 2019-2020
Dr. Mohamed Ezzat Assistant professor of Civil Eng.
Department of Engineering Management
College of Engineering.
Prince Sultan University
Undergraduate Students –Senior Level.
Engineering Management Department.
College of Engineering.
Prince Sultan University
2nd semester- Year 2019-2020.
EM 306 : Soil Mechanics and Foundations
❑ Page :1 Dr. Eng. Mohamed Ezzat EM306: Soil Mechanics and Foundations
TENTATIVE WEEKLY COURSE SCHEDULE WEEK UNIT/ TOPIC
Number of Contact
hours
1 Introduction 5
2 Soil Formation 5
3 Engineering Properties of Soil 5
4 Soil Exploration 5
5 Soil Compaction 5
6 Water in Soil 5
7 Stress in soils 5
8-9 Consolidation of soil 5
10-11 Shear Strength of soil 10
12-13 Bearing Capacity and Shallow Foundations 10
14 Deep Foundations 5
15 Lateral Earth Pressure & Retaining Structures As Scheduled
❑ Soil Compaction Topic No. 5
DEFINITION & PURPOSE OF COMPACTION
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❑ Soil Compaction Topic No. 5
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DEFINITION & PURPOSE OF COMPACTION
𝛾𝑑 = 𝛾
1 + 𝑤𝑐
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❑ Soil Compaction Topic No. 5
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LABORATORY COMPACTION TEST ❑
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❑ Soil Compaction Topic No. 5
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LABORATORY COMPACTION TEST o Proctor Test:
Video: Proctor Test.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tqHNK67IgG4
❑ Soil Compaction Topic No. 5
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LABORATORY COMPACTION TEST o Proctor Test:
❑ Soil Compaction Topic No. 5
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LABORATORY COMPACTION TEST o Proctor Test:
Lab. Test
❑ Soil Compaction Topic No. 5
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LABORATORY COMPACTION TEST
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o Proctor Test:
❑ Soil Compaction Topic No. 5
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LABORATORY COMPACTION TEST
4.2eqn 1
s
ws
wG
G ZAV +
=
o Proctor Test:
❑ Soil Compaction Topic No. 5
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Example 1
❑ Soil Compaction Topic No. 5
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Solution:
γ = 𝑾
𝑽
γ = 𝟒𝟎𝟎𝟎 −𝟐𝟎𝟐𝟑
𝟗𝟒𝟒 = 2.09 g/cm3 = 20.9 kN/m3
γd = 𝜸
𝟏+𝒘
γd = 𝟐𝟎.𝟗 𝒌𝑵/𝒎𝟑
𝟏+𝟎.𝟏𝟎 = 19 kN/m3
❑ Soil Compaction Topic No. 5
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Test No. 1 2 3 4 5
Dry unit weight (kN/m3) 17.61 18.32 18.57 18.09 17.11
Moisture content 7.1 10.0 13.4 16.7 20.1
Example 2
❑ Soil Compaction Topic No. 5
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𝛾𝑑 = 𝛾
1 + 𝑤𝑐
Solution:
❑ Soil Compaction Topic No. 5
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FACTORS AFFECTING COMPACTION OF SOIL ❑ Compaction of soil can be affected by:
❑ Soil Compaction Topic No. 5
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B. COMPACTION EFFORT
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FACTORS AFFECTING COMPACTION OF SOIL
❑ Soil Compaction Topic No. 5
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o Max dry unit weight & optimum moisture content can be affected by:
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FACTORS AFFECTING COMPACTION OF SOIL
C. TYPE OF SOILS
❑ Soil Compaction Topic No. 5
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FACTORS AFFECTING COMPACTION OF SOIL
C. TYPE OF SOILS
❑ Soil Compaction Topic No. 5
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C. TYPE OF SOILS
FACTORS AFFECTING COMPACTION OF SOIL
❑ Soil Compaction Topic No. 5
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FIELD COMPACTION
❑ Soil Compaction Topic No. 5
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FIELD COMPACTION
❑ Tampers o
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❑ Soil Compaction Topic No. 5
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❑Rollers o
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FIELD COMPACTION
❑ Soil Compaction Topic No. 5
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o ▪
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FIELD COMPACTION
❑ Soil Compaction Topic No. 5
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FIELD COMPACTION
❑ Soil Compaction Topic No. 5
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FIELD COMPACTION
❑ Soil Compaction Topic No. 5
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FIELD COMPACTION
❑ Soil Compaction Topic No. 5
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DYNAMIC COMPACTION
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Ground improvement technique
❑ Soil Compaction Topic No. 5
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EFFECT OF DYNAMIC COMPACTION ON SOIL
• In Cohesive soils:
❑ Soil Compaction Topic No. 5
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DYNAMIC COMPACTION
• In Cohesionless soils:
❑ Soil Compaction Topic No. 5
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1. Approximate depth of influence, (D):
o For cohesionless soils:
o For cohesive soils:
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CALCULATIONS OF DYNAMIC COMPACTION
4.3Eqn 5.0 WhD =
dropped dist ance
weight
4.4 Eqn.
=
=
=
h
W
WhD
❑ Soil Compaction Topic No. 5
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DYNAMIC COMPACTION
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❑ Soil Compaction Topic No. 5
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FIELD CONTROL OF COMPACTION
❑ Soil Compaction Topic No. 5
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IN-PLACE SOIL UNIT WEIGHT TEST
❑ Soil Compaction Topic No. 5
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SAND CONE TEST
Video: Sand Cone test.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VxRQJ8s7
eK8
❑ Soil Compaction Topic No. 5
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IN-PLACE SOIL UNIT WEIGHT TEST
❑ Soil Compaction Topic No. 5
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Example 3
❑ Soil Compaction Topic No. 5
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Weight of sand used in test hole
= Weight of sand to fill test hole & funnel – Weight of sand to fill funnel
= 867 g – 319 g = 548 g
Volume of test hole = 𝟓𝟒𝟖 𝒈
𝟏𝟓𝟑𝟖 𝒈 /𝒄𝒎𝟑 = 356 cm3
Wet unit weight of soil in – place = 𝟕𝟒𝟕 𝒈
𝟑𝟓𝟔 𝒄𝒎𝟑 = 2.1 g/cm3 = 21 kN/m3
From eqn 4.1,
γd = 𝜸
𝟏+𝒘
γd = 𝟐𝟏 𝒌𝑵/𝒎𝟑
𝟏+𝟎.𝟏𝟑𝟕 = 18.4 kN/m3
Solution:
❑ Soil Compaction Topic No. 5
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FIELD CONTROL OF COMPACTION
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❑ Soil Compaction Topic No. 5
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Example 4
❑ Soil Compaction Topic No. 5
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= 𝒊𝒏 −𝒑𝒍𝒂𝒄𝒆 𝒅𝒓𝒚 𝒖𝒏𝒊𝒕 𝒘𝒆𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕
𝒎𝒂𝒙 𝒍𝒂𝒃 𝒅𝒓𝒚 𝒖𝒏𝒊𝒕 𝒘𝒆𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕 * 100
= 𝟏𝟖.𝟓
𝟏𝟖.𝟔 * 100 = 98.9%
Solution:
❑ Soil Compaction Topic No. 5
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Example 5
❑ Soil Compaction Topic No. 5
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= total dry weight of soil required to be excavated
from the borrow pit
= (18.90 kN/m3) (15.000 m3) = 283.500 kN
= 𝟐𝟖𝟑.𝟓𝟎𝟎
𝟏𝟕.𝟏𝟖 = 16.500 m3
Solution:
❑ Soil Compaction Topic No. 5
❑ Page :41 Dr. Eng. Mohamed Ezzat EM306: Soil Mechanics and Foundations
RECIPE FOR SUCCESS,
As long as you live, Just Keep
L e a r n i n g …
References
• Das, B., M. (2014), “ Principles of geotechnical Engineering ” Eighth Edition, CENGAGE Learning, ISBN-
13: 978-1-133-10867-2.
• Knappett, J. A. and Craig R. F. (2012), “ Craig’s Soil Mechanics” Eighth Edition, Spon Press, ISBN: 978-0-
415-56125-9.
• Orabi, A. (2015),Soil Mechanics, “Introduction &Properties of Soil lecture notes”, International university of
sciences and technology.
• Terzaghi, K. (1936) "Stress Distribution in Dry and in Saturated Sand Above a Yielding Trap-Door",
Proceedings. First International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Cambridge,
Massachusetts, pp. 307-311.
• Terzaghi, K. (1943). “Theoretical Soil Mechanics”. John Wiley & Sons, New York.
• Meyerhof, G. G. (1951). “The Bearing Capacity of Foundations”. In Géotechnique, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 301-
332.
• Radwan, A. (2013), “fundamentals of Soil Mechanics”. Helwan university, Faculty of engineering. Civil
Department library.
• El-Kadi, F. (2002), “Principles of Soil Mechanics”. Ain shams university, Faculty of engineering. Civil
Department library.
• Vesic, A. S. (1975). Principle of pile foundation design. Soil Mechanics Series No 38, School of
Engineering, Duke University.
• Joseph E. Bowels, (1999), "Physical and Geotechnical Properties of Soils"; McGraw Hill Book.
❑ Soil Compaction Topic No. 5
❑ Page :42 Dr. Eng. Mohamed Ezzat EM306: Soil Mechanics and Foundations
• Presentation of the theories and principles of soil mechanics
and foundation engineering.
• Explore the equipment's and instrumentations used for in-situ
and laboratory testing of soil.
• Outline the design standards of different types of foundation,
soil support systems according to several international codes.
• Provide sufficient field case studies and solved examples so that
students can make judgements as to the credibility of results
that they may obtain, or review, in the future.
Soil is a complex multiphase material. A sound understanding of
the fundamental principles and design applications of soil
mechanics is needed to predict the behavior and performance of
soil as a construction material or as a supporting medium for
engineering structures.
The main objective of this course is to provide the undergraduate
student with an insight into the theories and principles of soil
mechanics and foundation engineering, and its applications in
practical problems. The methodology that will be followed in this
course to achieve its objectives are directed towards the following
points:
Preface
Course Instructor
Dr. Mohamed Ezzat Al-Atroush
Dr. Mohamed Ezzat obtained his Ph.D. Degree from Ain Shams University, Egypt, in 2018. He joined the Prince Sultan University (PSU) in 2019 as an Assistant Professor in the area of Civil Engineering. He has broad experience in the field of geotechnical engineering on academic and professional works. Also, he has published many international journal and conference publications in the area of Geotechnical Engineering. He is a member of several international technical committees, such as the American society of civil engineers (ASCE).
On the other hand, Dr. Ezzat participated in many consultancy projects involving site investigations, problematic soils, evaluation of stability of slopes and escarpments, construction and permanent dewatering, design of deep excavation support, traditional and specialized lab testing, field monitoring, geophysical studies, foundation and bridge design, effect of tunnel induced ground deformations on adjacent surface and underground structures. His main research interests are in the Large Diameter bored piles, tunneling and deep excavations, Dynamic soil-structure interaction, Ground Improvement, and Energy and Sustainable Geotechnics.
