SWU discussion (x4)
elinaa
SWU171CH4.pptxCh 4
9/21/21
Overview
Chapter 4
Social Justice Human Rights Economic Justice
Social Justice
The level of fairness that exists in human relationships
Injustice
Coercively established and maintained inequalities, discrimination and dehumanizing, development-inhibiting conditions of living (slavery, poverty, starvation, homelessness, inadequate health care and education), imposed by dominant social groups, classes and peoples upon dominated and exploited groups, classes and peoples
Social Work
Value: Social Justice
Ethical Principle: Social workers challenge social injustice.
Social workers pursue social change, particularly with and on behalf of vulnerable and oppressed individuals and groups of people. Social workers' social change efforts are focused primarily on issues of poverty, unemployment, discrimination, and other forms of social injustice. These activities seek to promote sensitivity to and knowledge about oppression and cultural and ethnic diversity. Social workers strive to ensure access to needed information, services, and resources; equality of opportunity; and meaningful participation in decision making for all people.
Barriers to Social Justice
Prejudice
An attitude, involves judging or disliking groups and individuals based on myths and misconceptions.
Barriers to Social Justice
Discrimination
An attitude, involves treating people differently, usually by denying them something
Barriers to Social Justice
Oppression
Systematic and pervasive mistreatment of people based on their membership in a certain group
Barriers to Social Justice
Institutional Discrimination
When discrimination is built in to the norms and institutions in society and is enforced by those in power
Examples- education, health, political, social, legal and economic systems
Racism
Systematic mistreatment of people based on race
Institutionalized and perpetrated by members of groups who have power or control over society and its institutions
Overt Racism
Micro Aggressions
The everyday verbal, nonverbal, and environmental slights, snubs, or insults, whether intentional or unintentional, which communicate hostile, derogatory, or negative messages to target persons based solely upon their marginalized group membership.
Racial Micro Aggressions
• A White man or woman clutches their purse or checks their wallet as a Black or Latino man approaches or passes them. (Hidden message: You and your group are criminals.). • An Asian American, born and raised in the United States, is complimented for speaking "good English." (Hidden message: You are not a true American. You are a perpetual foreigner in your own country.) • A Black couple is seated at a table in the restaurant next to the kitchen despite there being other empty and more desirable tables located at the front. (Hidden message: You are a second-class citizen and undeserving of first-class treatment.)
Classism
Institutional and cultural attitudes and behaviors that stigmatize the poor and place a higher value on wealthier people
Class is more than just income, includes social status and power
People are treated differently because of how they talk, what they wear, where they life and the type and extent of education they have attained
School uniforms
Ableism
Oppression of people with disabilities
Based on the idea that perfect physical and mental health is the normal state
Invisible disabilities
Representation in television
ER
Glee
Inclusion
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XB4cjbYywqg
https://www.adforum.com/creative-work/best-of/12399/best-ads-that-promote-diversity/play#34559657
Hilary Haseley (HH) -
Ageism
The belief in the superiority of youth over age and the systematic oppression of people because they are older
Religious persecution
Systematic mistreatment of people based on their religion
Muslims, Sikhs and Hindus have experienced discrimination and oppression based on their religious and culture
American culture takes Christian holidays off from work, other religious holidays may not be recognized, forcing those to use sick or vacation time
Anti-Semitism
Systematic discrimination against or oppression of Jewish people
Sexism
Oppression that grows out of the belief that men are superior to women
Gender gap
Difference between men and women's earnings
https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2019/03/22/gender-pay-gap-facts/
Feminization of poverty
Many more women than men live in poverty
Examples
https://www.instagram.com/p/CFZf2mxMHZM/?igshid=pow15p80dbvz
https://www.instagram.com/p/CEt_ZBys_Ef/?igshid=r2oalcs2pt9t
Sexism/ Gender Micro aggressions
• An assertive female manager is labeled as a "bitch," while her male counterpart is described as "a forceful leader." (Hidden message: Women should be passive and allow men to be the decision makers.)
• A female physician wearing a stethoscope is mistaken as a nurse. (Hidden message: Women should occupy nurturing and not decision-making roles. Women are less capable than men).
• Whistles or catcalls are heard from men as a woman walks down the street. (Hidden message: Your body/appearance is for the enjoyment of men. You are a sex object.)
https://www.instagram.com/p/CFZf2mxMHZM/?igshid=pow15p80dbvz
Homophobia Heterosexism
Homophobia
Fear of homosexuality or lesbian women and gay men
Heterosexism
Institutionalized bias directed at gay men, lesbians, bisexuals and people who are transgendered
Sexual Orientation Micro aggressions
• A Young person uses the term "gay" to describe a movie that she didn't like. (Hidden message: Being gay is associated with negative and undesirable characteristics.)
• A lesbian client in therapy reluctantly discloses her sexual orientation to a straight therapist by stating she is "into women." The therapist indicates he is not shocked by the disclosure because he once had a client who was "into dogs." (Hidden message: Same-sex attraction is abnormal and deviant.)
• Two gay men hold hands in public and are told not to flaunt their sexuality. (Hidden message: Same-sex displays of affection are abnormal and offensive. Keep it private and to yourselves.)
Cis Normative Cisgender privilege
Systemic advantages people who identify with their birth gender experience
Passing privilege
Gender
Gender= societal expectations about how boys/girls/men/women should think and behave
Gender identity= people’s perception of themselves as male female, neither or sometimes both
Sex
Sex= whether a person is male or female biologically
Sexual identity/orientation= whether a person identifies as lesbian, gay, bisexual or heterosexual
All the memes
Privilege
People who are members of mainstream or dominant groups have certain privileges built into their lives
Passing
https://www.racialequitytools.org/resourcefiles/mcintosh.pdf
How we are they way we are
Biological Determinism
People are different, slaves were less human, Indigenous peoples were savages to deserved to be forced off their land, women are biologically inferior to men so they can be paid less
Innate biological conditions
Socialization Process
Learning through observations, parents teach children
Psychological Perspectives
Fear of difference which equates to different treatment
Scapegoating-looking for someone to blame, blame oppressed groups, blaming the other
Sociological Perspectives
Conflict theory-limited resources lead to intergroup competition
“they are taking our jobs” in a tight economy
Models of Intergroup Relations
The Melting Pot
Cultural Pluralism
Separatism
The Melting Pot
Move to America, become American
Stew
Cultural Pluralism
People retain their unique cultural heritage, language and continue to observe their traditions
Organized salad
Separatism
Groups living in the same country do things as separately as possible
Historic separatism -segregation, fueled by prejudice and discrimination
Members of non dominant groups choosing to live separate
Overcoming Social Injustice
Civil Rights- rights to which people are entitled because they are members of society
When people’s civil rights are protected, society becomes more socially just
Protections
Fourteenth Amendment- became law after the Civil War, 1868, civil rights protections to US citizens
Fifteenth Amendment 1870, gave all men the right to vote (minus African American men)
Nineteenth Amendment, 1920, gave women the right to vote
Civil Rights Act
1964- outlawed discrimination or segregation in public accommodations and employment on the basis of race, color, sex, religion or national origin as well as unfair or differential treatment of people of color in voter registration
Federal government was given the right to punish people who broke these laws and for people to sue those who discriminated
1968 added protecting against housing discrimination
Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA)
1967, protects employees who are 40 or older from being treated differently at work based on their age
Older populations can be considered vulnerable
The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990
JUST 30 YEARS AGO
Outlaws discrimination against people with disabilities in public accommodations, employment, transportation and public services
Requires “reasonable accommodation” for people with disabilities in workplaces and public facilities
Still not perfect, major issues with enforcement
Civil Rights for LGBTQ Persons
ENDA
DOMA
HCPA
ENDA
Employment Non-Discrimination Act
Not passed yet, but would prohibit employers from using sexual orientation as the basis for employment decisions such as hiring, firing promotion and compensation
No federal law protects this population but 89% of the fortune 500 companies have non-discrimination policies that cover sexual orientation, 66% have policies that cover gender identity
DOMA
Defense of Marriage Act, 1996
Defined marriage between 1 man and 1 woman
Allowed states not to recognize as a marriage of union of a same-sex couple that may be considered a marriage in another state
2013 1 man 1 woman ruled unconstitutional
June 2015 constitution guarantees a right to same-sex marriage
HCPA
Hate Crimes Prevention Act
Matthew Shepard and James Byrd Jr Hate Crimes Prevention Act 2009
Empowers the Department of Justice to investigate and prosecute bias-motivated violence
Hate Crime
Affirmative Action
Aim to increase the number of women and people of color in jobs and schools
Original intent was not to set quotas
Did correct years of exclusion
Not perfect, some say it’s reverse discrimination
1996 California banned affirmative action
Lead to a 57% decrease in number of nondominant students admitted to UC Berkley and 36% drop at UCLA
Power
Heavy discussion about people in power
Questioning authority/power?
Why?
When?
Social Worker Role
Empowering clients to take more control over their lives
Linking clients to with others in their similar situations
Ensuring clients know agency policies, including grievance policies
Supporting clients decisions on what is best for their lives
