feminism

           

WMST 25  Introduction to Black Feminism 

Spring 2016   

Editor­In­Chief  Julie Lewis 

  Managing Editors  Sarah Koppenhaver 

Nikki Rocker   

Cover Artwork  Khadijah Silva 

   

Sweet Tea One more for Black Feminism!

 

Image from Feminist Sticker Club 

Table of Contents   Why Black Feminism!       Julie Lewis  Medicine Wheel       Jennifer Melgarejo  Allyship   Chris Nguyen  Crossword Puzzle          Leann Miyashiro  Arts and Information    Black Feminist Book List      Erin Newell    Book Review              Mounia O’Neal    The Missing Diversity in YA and Children’s Books and Why it is There      Andrea N. Silva   (Pop) Culture    Misappropriation of the Black Aesthetic         Chris Antunes and Diego Barriga    Black People Can’t ...               Teddy Kebede    Black People Can’t ...                  Darryl Jones    Significance of Black Feminism, Yesterday & Today         Maria Elena Baez  Health and Beauty    Why Do We Wear Makeup?             Catalina Becker    Foundation is for Every Body         Sabreena Elmasri    Lipsticks, Lipsticks, and More Lipsticks          Maria F. Dossani    Workout in Progress: A Black Feminist Playlist  Diego Barriga    Black Beauty           Nicole Tabahcay    What Happens When Superwoman Can’t Fly?      Shelemat Abraham  The Personal is Political    Gentrification       Adan Perez    Wealth Inequality by Race and Gender    Mishal Khan    Protect Our 2​nd ​ Amendment Rights!             Vincent Gomez    Revolution Is Not a One­Time Event          Jaymar Hardesty    #BlackLivesMatter Timeline           Nicole Tabahcay    The Moments in the Movements          Leann Miyashiro    Where We Came From Bailey Kroeger 

#FreeJasmine             Shannon Casey    African Diaspora    Julie­Ann Kimbouri  Black Feminism and Chill    How to Dress Like a Black Feminist    Nikki Rocker    Berenice’s Recipe for Surviving Oppression       Berenice Sylverain    TBH! (To Be Honest)   Chris Nguyen    Word Search          Leann Miyashiro    The Founding Mothers of Black Feminism Crossword Puzzle Ambrocine Rodriguez  Glossary     Sarah Koppenhaver   

Why Black Feminism! Why, Black feminism, did you escape me for so long?

When I think about why Black feminism is important, I can’t help but think about the time I discovered it. I was in graduate school the first time I heard the term

“Intersectionality.” I was twenty - seven years old. Like most true gifts, Black feminism came to me exactly when I needed it most. I was in my last semester of a

U.S. History Master’s program and desperately searching for answers I couldn’t even yet form. There was just a feeling I had about the world and my place in it. This

feeling crept up in every class during grad school, but I was missing the words to communicate what I was feeling.

I would discover that the feeling was intersectionality. The Theory of Intersectionality, as coined by professor and lawyer Kimberlé Crenshaw introduced

me to the idea that, “inequality and oppression are the result of interlocking systems of power”. “Inequality.” “Interlocking system of power.” Then there was the Matrix

of Domination, “the apparatus, created by Patricia Hill Collins, used for understanding the system of power that sees society’s labels/categories as

interconnected and capable of privileging or oppressing individuals based on said labels/categories.” “Matrix.” “System of power.” “Interconnected.”

That was it! Those were the words that explained what I was feeling. All of the times people were surprised that I was smart. The never-ending looks of shock when I

entered a space in all my blackness, queerness, and womanness. All those times I was overlooked, underappreciated, and dehumanized. All of those moments I was

microaggressed upon. I could see the Matrix and now I had the words.

Why Black feminism, some may ask. I ask, Why not? Black feminism saved my life. Black feminism gives me life. Black feminism, theory of intersectionality, and the

matrix of domination are the greatest hope we have in understanding and dismantling systems of oppression. In essence, Black feminism can save our lives. It is vital, it is necessary, and we owe it to both, the Black feminists that came before us and those who are waiting in the wings, to learn the words that express those feelings

they have yet to discover.

I want to dedicate the Inaugural Issue of Sweet Tea to the students of our Introduction to Black Feminism class of the Spring 2016 quarter. Thank you for

bringing your intellectual excellence, compassionate critical lens, and passion for the subject matter every day of class. May you continue to reflect, grow, and heal as you

maintain the social justice fight. I appreciate you allowing me an opportunity to learn and grow with you.

May your words stay on fire!

In solidarity, Lewis

Allyship By Chris Nguyen 

 

Allyship means that you don't tell a             

marginalized community of which you are not a               

part, how to think, or act, or speak, or mourn. 

 

Allyship means you don't include yourself in a               

dialogue that is not meant for you. Instead               

share the words of those you are an ally to.                   

What do they have to say? Can you pass on                   

their messages? 

 

Allyship means understanding when you         

should be silent and listening, and when it's               

appropriate for you to take your turn and help                 

those you claim allyship to. 

 

Allyship means you don't judge the way that               

various oppressed people react to things such             

as violence and fear. These communities are             

not monolithic and each person is different,             

having different life experiences. You might not             

agree with the way they do something, but it's                 

not your place to condemn them for it. 

 

Allyship means you commit yourself to learning             

and take some responsibility in sharing what             

you learn. Your work is needed, especially if               

there is no one from the oppressed group               

around to speak for themselves. Be aware in the                 

space you are in. Advocate for them when               

relevant, and echo their voices and needs. 

 

Allyship means that you be the person helping               

change our society for the better. Instead of               

being like, 'wow that sucks I hate x y or z I wish                         

it didn't happen to my friend/coworker/family           

member', consider using your privileges (where           

you have them) to speak to others with the                 

same privilege. There are avenues you could             

take where many oppressed groups cannot, and             

a lot of change could be happening there. 

 

 

  Those of us with marginalized identities (often             

multiple and always overlapping) can't always go             

into spaces where we are clearly not             

wanted/recognized/seen and demand for shit to           

happen. If you are uncomfortable with us, and               

you relinquish your privilege so that we may               

share in it, it could mean a world of difference                   

folx of marginalized identities. 

 

Allyship doesn't mean that you clock out at the                 

end of every day. It means that you incorporate                 

your philosophy and learning into the way that               

you live. If you want justice for those you                 

support, don't think of their issues as things that                 

could be open and shut like a door. Take time                   

for yourself, yes, but also keep in mind that                 

people live with these issues constantly and             

could never “clock out”. 

 

Because often times we face many different             

types of oppressions, we will have to be allies to                   

each other in many ways. Race, gender,             

sexuality, class, and ability are among many             

facets that make up our intersectional           

identities. Understand that not any one           

experience is more important than another. If             

we want to make change, we can look to the                   

most marginalized of every group and center             

them and their needs. Poor black trans women               

tend to be the sisters who are silenced the most.                   

Let’s start there. Remember to work alongside,             

not in front or behind of. Work together. 

 

Allyship means you love those you are allies to                 

so deeply that you don't expect them to give you                   

anything in return for it. Understand that some               

people will be grateful, some people will criticize               

you, some people won't care. All their opinions               

are valid. Hold space for them.  

 

Take time to reflect on what your reasons for                 

being an ally are. 

 

Do wn 1. T e rm use d to de scribe an individual who ide ntifie s with the g e nde r the y we re assig ne d at birth 2. T he syste m o f rule s within a so cie ty that maintain a syste m o f disparity that favo rs me n and o ppre sse s wo me n 3. Pe rpe tuatio n o f the assumptio n that e ve ryo ne in so cie ty is straig ht (he te ro se xual) 4 . T he so cial co nstructe d cate g o ry o f ide ntity base d o n assume d diffe re nce , mo stly asso ciate d with skin to ne 7. T he re sult o f a syste m o f po we r whe n o ne pe rso n o r g ro up is pre fe rre d o ve r ano the r 9 . T he philo so phical, po litical, and e thical po sitio n that pe o ple sho uld no t be discriminate d ag ainst be cause o f the ir g e nde r

Ac ro ss 5. T he pro pe rtie s disting uishing re pro ductive ro le s 6 . An umbre lla te rm use d to de scribe an individual who do e s no t ide ntify with the g e nde r the y we re assig ne d at birth 8. T e rm use d to de scribe ho w diffe re nt fo rms o f discriminatio n can inte ract and o ve rlap 10. An e co no mic and po litical syste m in which a co untry's trade and industry are co ntro lle d by private o wne rs fo r pro fit 11. A fo rm o f fe minism that e mphasiz e s wo me n's natural co ntributio n to so cie ty. A fe minism that is stro ng e r in co lo r. 12. D iscriminatio n ag ainst wo me n and o the r no n-me n base d o n an inte rnaliz e d hatre d, fe ar, and/o r dislike be cause the y're no t me n

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Book List

Feminism, Intersectionality, and Political Movements x We Should All Be Feminists by

Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie x Black Looks: Race and

Representation by bell hooks x Slavery By Another Name by

Douglas A. Blackmon x Mapping The Margins by Kimberle

Crenshaw x A Voice From The South by Anna

Julia Cooper x When And Where I Enter The

Impact of Black Women On Race and Sex In America by Paula Giddings

x Black Skin, White Masks by Franz Fanon

x Black Girls Are From The Future by Renina Jarmon

x Killing the Black Body: Race, Reproduction, and the Meaning of Liberty by Dorothy Roberts

x How To Slowly Kill Yourself and Others In America by Kiese Laymon

x Taste of Power by Elaine Brown

x Ain’t I A Woman? Black Women and Feminism by bell hooks

x Black Feminist Thought: Knowledge, Conscious- ness, and the Politics of Empowerment by Angela Davis

x Bad Feminist by Roxane Gay

x The Sisters Are Alright: Changing the Narrative of Black Women in America by Tamara Winfrey Harris

x When Chickenheads Come Home to Roost by Joan Morgan

x The Black Presidency by Michael Eric Dyson

x White Rage by Carol Anderson x Ebony and Ivy by Craig Steven

Wilder x The New Jim Crow by Michelle

Alexander x Sister Citizen by Melissa Harris

Perry x A Medical Apartheid by Harriet

Washington x Compelled To Crime by Beth

Richie

Fiction x Sula by Toni Morrison x Bluest Eye by Toni

Morrison x Mama Day by Gloria Day x Americanah by

Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie

x The Color Purple by Alice Walker

x Their Eyes Were Watching God by Zora Neale Hurston

x Kindred by Octavia Butler x ‘Till The Well Runs Dry

by Lauren Francis- Sharma

x An Untamed State by Roxane Gay

x Temple Of My Familiar by Alice Walker

x Things They Carried by Chinua Achebe

x The Street by Ann Petry x The Women of Brewster Place

by Gloria Naylor x Sugar by Bernice L. McFadden x Rudy by Cynthia Bond x God Help The Children by Toni

Morrison x A Small Place by Jamaica

Kincaid

Book List

LGBTQ x Redefining Realness by Janet

Mock x Sister Outsider by Audre Lorde x Erzulie’s Skirt by Ana-Laurine

Lara x Where The Apple Falls by Samiya

Bashir x The Salt Roads by Nalo

Hopkinson x In Another Place, Not Here by

Dionne Brand x Zami: A New Spelling Of My

Name by Audre Lorde x Afrekete: An Anthology of Black

Lesbian Writing edited by Catherine McKinley and L.Joyce DeLaney

x Coffee Will Make You Black by April Sinclair

x does your mama know? by Lisa C. Moore

For Black Men

x Fire Shut Up In My Bones by Charles M. Blow

x Buck: A Memoir by M.K. Asante x Forty Acres: A Thriller by

Dwayne Alexander Smith x Invisible Man by Ralph Ellison x Black Boy by Richard Wright x The Color of Water by James

McBride Disclaimer: Keep in mind that this is not a complete list and there are thousands of undiscovered authors that were unable to be listed. This list should be used as a means of expanding and finding these authors as well as other books by the authors listed. We hope that through this you will be able to expand your understanding of intersectionality and one day call yourself a black feminist.

Essays, Memoirs, and Autobiographies

x Crusade for Justice: The Autobiography of Ida B. Wells edited by Alfeda Duster

x The Autobiography of Malcolm X by Malcolm X and Alex Haley

x I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings by Maya Angelou

x Between the World and Me by Ta- Nehisi Coates

x In Search of Our Mother’s Gardens by Alice Walker

x Assata by Assata Shakur x Men We Reaped by Jesmyn Ward x Meaty by Samantha Irby

Poetry

x Selected Poems by Gwendolyn Brooks

x For Colored Girls Who Have Considered Suicide When The Rainbow is Enuf by Ntozake Shange

Anthologies x Words of Fire edited by Beverly

Guy-Sheftall x The Best Short Stories By Black

Authors by Various x This Bridge Called My Back by

Cherrie L. Moraga x Homegirls by Barbara Smith

For Children and Young Adults

x Mixed Me by Taye Diggs x The Skin You Live In by Michael

Tyler x Brown Girl Dreaming by

Jacqueline Woodson x The Skin I’m In by Sharon Flake x Roll of Thunder, Hear My Cry by

Mildred Taylor

 

WANTED

Afro-American Thieves !

Wanted for explicit misuse and subjugation of the black woman's aesthetic as a means of "s!y'le", "creating a statement", or even outright lying about their ethnic roots.

Historically speaking, black (female) culture has consistently been exotified by the mainstream white supremacist culture. The gross exhibition of Saartjie Baartman in tgth century Europe under the name "Hottentot Venus" is a prime example of how the black

woman's body has always been on display for mainstream culture to consume. Nowadays, dawning cornrows, darker skin, and bigger features fiust to name a few) are

a wayfor these household names to appear more desirable. Self-proclaimed trend setters and fashion elites fail to realize the context of their thieving ways. These traits have been around for ages, how dare you describe the blackfemale body as "new" and

"up and coming." What's interesting to note is that while claiming blacker features, these individuals are also maintaiuing some of theirwhiterfeatures.I.e.lighter

(although still tanned) skin, having curves in only the "right" places, and brightly colored eyes just to name a few. So in otherwords, their message is, "you can lookblack, but not foo black." Ablatant smudging of black culture and outright disrespect of their

bodies.

REWARD

Making progress in ending cultural exploitation and imperialism

Black People Can’t … By Teddy Kebede 

Throughoutmyadolescenceyears, IhavebeentoldmanytimesthatIwouldn’tbe                            successful in life due to my being a black man. The time I wanted to read college level                                    reading for the summer reading challenge in middle school my teacher said,“Icouldn’t                            handle it because of my background.” I didn’t understand what my intellectual thought                          had anything to do with the color of my skin until I grew up and saw the world as it is.                                          While I ranked number one in my middle school in academia, teachers still told me,                              “this is as far as I would go.”  

The first incident I encountered with a teacher spewinghateonmewasinthe4​th                                grade. The class was structured assembly stylewhereeveryseatwasfacingtheteacher’s                            desk, which was at the front of the class. I had to sit right in front of her, because she                                        “had to keep an eye out for me.” We took a test and aftersometimeIgotnotifiedthatI                                          had been suspended for cheating.IwasindisbeliefbecauseIknewthesubjectmatter in                                the test. I was really confident so I didn’t understand why I was being suspended. The                                teacher told my fatherandIthatIhadcheatedfromthegirlsittingbehindme.This lady                                    had the nerve to say that I turned my body all the way around to copy every single                                    answerwhilesittingdirectly infrontoftheteacher.Mydadwasoutragedbecausehehas                                seen these countless times where a white teacher is so quick to pin anytypeofnegative                                  action on the black child. My dad cussed theteacheroutandreportedhertothedistrict                                  then pulled me out of the school.  

Later on the girlsittingbehindmeconfessedtobeingtheonewhocheatedoffmy                                test. When asked how she did it,shesaidshelookedovermyshoulderwhiletheteacher                                  was looking somewhere else. Funny how things work huh, If people aren’t so quick to                              judge maybe they’d see the actual problems.  

Whitewashing has a severe impact on black kids growing up because it impacts                          their identity and how they grow up. Black kids growing up already have it tough with                                the pressure of being “black” and simply make it to adulthood without being shot, but                              they also have to beat themicroaggressive,racistcommentsthatcomewithbeingblack.                            For example, if a black kids speaks wellpeoplewouldbequicktolabelhim/her“white.”                                I am sick and tired of speaking well and being called “white.” The common                            misconception is that speaking well equals being white. What everyone is really                        referring too is speaking fluently. Black kids in no way, shape, or form are talking                              “white,” they are simply just talking fluently in English.Alsolet’sbreakthenormwhere                              everything good is white because as history has shown us, that is not necessarily true.  

Black folks could also be interested in a multitude of activities such as science,                            math, rock music, or even country music. That doesn’t make them any less black                            because they are still suffering under the same oppression. Also, by referring to black                            folk as whitewashed you’re basically slapping on a whole different race and color on                            them and diminishing their very own existence. We need to kill the common trend                            where being white is synonymouswithbeinggood.Wealsoneedtostophatingonblack                                kids who listen to rock and country when black people were the first to create these                                genres. Be kind, be accepting, and love hard. Black kids and people arecomplexpeople                              and we can like different activities then just what the media expects us to like.  

Black People Can’t … By Darryl Jones 

As I was growing up, I never really realized the full patronizing and derogatory                            nature of the term “whitewashed.” Being constantly accused of being “whitewashed”                      while growing up as a kid really caused internal conflicts within myself. Is my                            individuality not valid? Why is it weird or evenconsideredsolelybecauseofthecolorof                                my skin? Several of these questions followed me into my early teenage years.  

However, I finallytaughtmyself thattherewasabsolutelynothingwrongwithme                          at all. PeoplesawmeasweirdorwhitewashedbecauseIwasn’t fulfillingorperpetuating                              the stereotypes about black people that they have been taught by society or media. The                              very second that I wasn’t upholding any stereotypes created for blacks ­ such as liking                              only rap music, or being loud and “ghetto” ­ I was immediately called out by not only                                  non­black POC and white people, but also fellow blacks as well. I became extremely                            hesitant to share my interests due to the possibility that I might be judged for them.                                Within myself, I had internalized the racism and microaggressionsaroundmeatsucha                            young age, and this created several struggles with trying to obtain a consistent                          personality for myself. 

As I grew olderwithageandobtainedmoreandmoreknowledgeandtruthabout                              how our society truly is and how it was meant to function, I have learned to recognize                                  that have internalized aspects of racism to get rid of within myself from my younger                              years due to constantly hearing the whitewashed comments from nearly everyone                      around me. I no longer get embarrassed with bringing my pick out in public topickmy                                  curly hair, I no longer get embarrassed to admit I like genres suchasrapandrock,Ino                                      longer get embarrassed to be … black. 

Why do we wear makeup? By Catalina Becker 

Many people suggest that we wear it solely for the self­expression aspect,                        and certainly ​not ​for attracting men. However, all romantic connotations and                      personal interactions aside, this is a rather privileged statement to make. While                        many certainly do wear makeup for themselves, this excludes the very                      unfortunate reality that women and femme­presenting people ​have to wear                    makeup in many situations. Transgender women who use makeup in hopes to                        avoid violence have to comply with the rules of femininity and face a whole                            additional range of complications. In our culture that sets up strict standards on                          what isbeautiful,basedon—​coughcough​—Eurocentric ideals, theenvironmentis                    not designed for the success of women of color. Sadly, in that oppressive                          environment, a woman’s character is assessed by their appearance, and most                      employers openly admit to being more likely to hire a woman if she wears                            makeup to the interview. To them, makeup and being “beautiful” equates with                        competency and trustworthiness, when of course there’s no real correlation                    between the two.  

This is problematic for a number of reasons, but the complications facing                        femme­presenting poor and/or darker­skinned individuals are often overlooked.                Darker­skinned makeup users have a far moredifficult timefindingmakeupthat                        suits their complexion, and those that have hyper­pigmentation or scarringhave                      extremely limited options in the ways of foundation or concealer. Walk into any                          mainstream drug store and you will see some sort of range of tones, but the                              majority of shade variation will be on the lighter end of the spectrum. That’snot                              to say it’s completely hopeless, as there are several black­owned beauty brands                        that are relatively affordable sold by specialized beauty retailers. However, the                      fact that they’re generally notsoldinthosemainstreamoutlets,whichareheavily                          catered to white people ingeneral, itsendsamessageof,essentially,“this isnota                                space for you”. Poor people also have a hard time finding makeup that is both                              affordable within their budget and ofdecentquality. Ifapoor, femme­presenting                        personweretogoforajobinterviewandcan’taffordmakeuptowear, thatmeans                                they are probably less likely to get that job. Our culture is already prejudiced                            against the poor, so when they are excluded from a chance to live a little more                                comfortably, this only broadens the gap between classes. Also, if working in any                          job that involves commission or tips, a very common job route, that pressure to                            be “presentable” increases exponentially. 

While I don’t wear makeup and fully support anyone who wishes to                        challenge these systems in place,I thinkit isalsoimportanttosupportthosewho                              comply with the expectations of our culture. Plain and simple, women who wear                          makeup generally have an easier time moving about our society than those who                          don’t. It’s an unfortunate situation, but it is our reality. Makeup increases                        accessibility for those who are often marginalized, but the limitations within the                        current state of the beauty industry make it even more difficult for many                          oppressed groups to live comfortably within our society.  

Foundation is for Every Body  By Sabreena Elmasri 

People with darker complexions have been played by many makeup companies. 

Most of the foundations you see in stores today cater toward white and lighter skinned 

complexions. This makes it difficult for people of color and black people to find 

foundation for them. While there are many lighter shades from most brands, there are 

maybe 1 to 3 shades for deeper complexions. It’s as if only 3 deep complexions are 

existent while there are 10 shades of white. We know that is not true, and that there are 

many shades of people of color. MUAs (makeup artists) are becoming all the rage on 

YouTube, Instagram, Facebook, and other platforms today. However, how is it fair that 

people of color don’t get to celebrate this art form if foundation isn’t available to them? 

There are many factors to picking a foundation. This includes skin type, price, 

availability, preference of ingredients, and whether or not the product is cruelty free.   I took a short survey of my classmates regarding foundation use. All the 

participants were people of color and had difficulty finding their shade along with 

something that fit their budget. My sister who has a brown complexion was given a 

foundation that was matched by an employee at Sephora. Though the foundation 

seemed to match her, as soon as we stepped into natural lighting, it looked 1­2 shades 

lighter than her neck. Unfortunately, this happens too often to those who have deeper 

skintones. Why should a person with darker skin have to buy two shades to mix, when 

lighter skinned people can easily select a shade that will be perfect for them? Pricing is 

important because there is a very good amount of drugstore foundations but there are 

very few for darker skintones. If there are any, they are sold online which means the 

availability isn’t so great. Though there may be alternatives for lighter skinned people, it 

gets even harder for those are darker. Furthermore I created a list of foundations for 

people of color to help them a brand and a price range. I love makeup and am very 

privileged to always find my shade of foundation or coverage cream. Makeup is an art 

form and supposed to bring people together, however, in order for that to happen, 

options should be available to everyone of all shades.  

Foundations for Women of Color  

I = In store O = Online  

*A Little More Information about these brands listed 

­Prices range from low to high. 

­Different skin types are something to consider. 

­Each brand listed has other coverage products such as BB cream, CC cream, and 

concealer. I focused on foundations due to the wide variety. 

­Some listed online may be found in store at select locations. 

­Some are cruelty free, depending on what your definition of cruelty free is. 

­There’s probably way more than the ones listed however, please share with your friends 

with darker complexions! 

 

 

★ Black Radiance: ​Color Perfect Liquid Makeup ­ 6 Shades ­ $4.99 0r $3.94  (varies)  ­ Black Radiance O, Walmart O, Rite Aid O, Walgreens O, Target O 

drugstore.com  ​(cruelty free)  ★ Maybelline: ​Fit Me! Matte + Poreless Foundation ­ 24 Shades ­  ​$7.99​ (may 

vary) ­ Various Drugstores, O + I 

★ Covergirl: ​Covergirl Queen Collection Natural Hue Liquid Makeup ­ 12 Shades ­  $7.74​ (may vary) ­ eBay, Drugstore.com 

★ Black Opal ​: True Color Creme to Powder Foundation SPF 8 ­ 8 Shades ­  ​$9.50​ ­  Black Opal O 

★ Black Opal: ​ True Color Stick Foundation SPF 15 ­ 14 Shades ­  ​$9.95 ​ ­ Black  Opal O 

★ Black Opal ​: True Color Pore Perfecting Liquid Foundation ­ 12 Shades ­  ​$10.95  ­ Black Opal O 

★ L’Oreal Paris: ​True Match Super Blendable Makeup ­ 33 Shades ­  ​$10.95 ​ ­  Drugstores 

★ Covergirl: ​Covergirl Queen Collection All Day Flawless Foundation ­ 14 Shades  ­  ​$11.29​ (may vary) ­ Walmart O, eBay, Pharmapacks O, OTC Deal O 

★ Black Opal: ​ Even True Flawless Skin Liquid Makeup ­ 8 Shades ­  ​$11.95 ​ ­ Back  Opal O,  

★ IMAN Cosmetics: ​Second to None Liquid Makeup ­ 8 Shades ­  ​$16.00​ ­ IMAN  Cosmetics O, Drugstore.com, Ulta O, Target O 

★ IMAN Cosmetics: ​ Second to None Stick Foundation ­ 14 Shades  ​$16.00  ​­  IMAN Cosmetics O, Drugstore.com, Ulta O, Target O 

★ IMAN Cosmetics: ​Second to None Cream to Powder ­ 14 Shades ­  ​$16.00​ ­  IMAN Cosmetics O, Drugstore.com, Ulta O, Target O 

★ IMAN Cosmetics: ​Second to None Luminous Foundation ­ 12 Shades ­  ​$16.00  ­ IMAN Cosmetics O, Drugstore.com, Ulta O, Target O 

★ Sacha Cosmetics​: Cream­to­powder Foundation ­ 12 Shades ­  ​$20.00​ ­ Sacha  Cosmetics O 

★ Sacha Cosmetics: ​Second Skin Liquid Foundation ­ 12 Shades ­  ​$20.00​ ­ Sacha  Cosmetics O 

★ Sephora: ​ Sephora Collection 10 HR Wear Perfection Foundation ­ 33 Shades ­  $20.00​ ­ Sephora I + O 

★ Fast Fair Cosmetics: ​Perfect Finish Cream­to­Powder (Oil Free) ­ 17 Shades ­  $26.00​ ­ Fast Fair O 

★ Valana Minerals: ​ Stardust Luxury Foundation ­ 20 Shades ­  ​$28.00​ ­ Valana  Minerals O  ​(cruelty free) 

★ Obsessive Compulsive Cosmetics: ​OCC Tinted Moisturizer ­ 12 Shades ­  $29.50​ ­ OCC O, Nordstrom O,  ​(cruelty free) 

★ Fast Fair Cosmetics: ​ Fast Finish Foundation Stick ­ 16 Shades ­  ​$30.00​ ­ Fast  Fair O 

★ AJ Crimson Beauty: ​ 12 Shades ­  ​$35.00​ ­ Online  ★ Valana Minerals: ​Premium Performance Cream Foundation ­ 20 Shades ­ 

$36.99​ ­ Valana Minerals O  ​(cruelty free) 

★ Estee Lauder: ​Double Wear Stay­in­Place Makeup ­ 35 Shades ­  ​$38.00​ ­ Estee  Lauder O, Sephora I + O, Macy’s I + O, Bloomingdales I + O, Nordstrom I + O 

★ Urban Decay: ​Urban Decay Naked Skin Weightless Ultra Definition Liquid  Makeup ­ 24 Shades ­  ​$40.00​ ­ Urban Decay I + O, Sephora I + O, Ulta I + O,  Macy’s I + O, Nordstrom I + O 

★ Black Up: ​Matifying Fluid Foundation ­ 18 Shades ­  ​$41.50​ ­ Black Up O,  Sephora O 

★ MAKE UP FOR EVER: ​Ultra HD Foundation ­ 40 Shades ­  ​$43.00​ ­ MAKE UP  FOREVER O, Sephora I + O 

★ Lancome: ​Teint Idole Ultra 24H Long Wear Foundation ­ 34 Shades ­  ​$47.00​ ­  Lancome O, Sephora I + O, Nordstrom I + O, Macy’s I + O, Ulta I + O 

★ NARS: ​ All Day Luminous Weightless Foundation ­ 20 Shades ­  ​$48.00​ ­ NARS I  + O, Sephora I + O, Nordstrom I + O 

 

   

Lipsticks, Lipsticks, and More Lipsticks By: Maria F. Dossani 

So as most of us are aware, nude lips have been all the rage lately. As a darker  skinned woman, it has been quite difficult to find a nude lipstick that did not completely  wash me out or make me look like I’ve just seen a ghost. After a lot of money, time, trial  and error I have come up with an incomplete list of lipsticks that I think will  compliment darker skin. Most mainstream makeup brands cater towards lighter skin  tones so it can be extremely challenging to find shades that work for most skin tones,  but after a lot of digging I have managed to find a few. I chose to focus on drugstore  brands that are easily accessible just for convenience. Personally, I do not like to spend a  lot of money on lipsticks, which is why this list consists of drugstore brands but  Anastasia Beverly Hills, Bobbi Brown, Laura Mercier, MAC, and Nars all have a variety  of shades that would look amazing on POC. Lipstick can be tricky because with  undertones, skin colors, lighting, and a number of other factors, shades tend to look  drastically different from person to person. 

The color I have the most difficulty with is nude. Finding a nude that is dark  enough but not too dark, not too pink, not too sheer, not too sticky, and not too brown  can be a challenge so hopefully you all are able to find something on this list that works  for you! Black Opal is a brand that caters specifically to Black  women. Some of their popular nude shades include: Bon Bon,  Caramel Mousse, Hint of Pink, In the Buff, Nude Scene, and  Uptown Brown. Covergirl’s Queen Collection is a collaboration  between Covergirl and Queen Latifah. All of the lipsticks in this  collaboration were made with POC in mind, a few of the popular  nude shades include: Javalicious, Mocha, Mocha Locha, Nude  Attitude, and Spicy Seduction. L’oreal’s Molten Caramel is a  pinkish nude that is great for everyday wear. Maybelline has two  formulas of lipsticks with nude shades that I found would flatter  darker skinned women. The first is their Color Sensational which  is a traditional lipstick formula and tube. This formula tends to  have some shimmer and is a little more on the sheer side but is  definitely buildable. The colors I found were 215 Totally Toffee,  377 Toffee Tango, 380 Bean There, 925 Maple Kiss, and 940 Touchable Taupe. The  second formula is a matte liquid lipstick, called Maybelline Vivid Matte in the shade  Nude Flush. Milani is a little harder to find but has a great selection. I recently picked up  Rose Femme and it has quickly become one of my most worn lipsticks recently. *Bonus!  It smells like watermelons and there is nothing I love more in a lipstick than when it  smells amazing and I want to eat it right off my lips.* NYX Cosmetics has a line of liquid 

lipsticks called Lip Lingerie that consists of a variety of nude shades. I highly  recommend taking a look at these shades. Unfortunately, I was not able to get my hands  on any of these so  I cannot recommend specific shades but from what I have seen in  pictures, there is something for everybody in that line! 

Other nude NYX lip  products include  Chambord, Maison,  and Sandstorm.  Revlon’s Colorburst  Lipstick seems to have  three shades that could  be worn as a nude by  darker skinned women; 

these shades are Fig Jam, Hazelnut, and Pink Truffle.  Revlon also has another formula with a few options.  Revlon’s Super Lustrous has shades: Caramel Glace,  Coffee Bean, Mink, and Smoked Peach which range from  a light nude to a darker brown. Committed by theBalm is a gorgeous, nude, liquid  lipstick that will look good on almost anyone. Lastly, Wet n Wild also has two formulas  with a few shades that would suit us darker skinned women. The first formula is their  Megalast Lip Color and the shades I would recommend are: Bare it All, Just Peachy,  Mochalicious, and Sandstorm. The second formula is Megaslicks Balm Stain in Caffeine  Fix. 

Above is Diego looking flawless in Committed by the Balm. He wears Caramel  (29) Sephora foundation. It was easy to apply, slightly more vibrant than he would like, 

and somewhat sticky but an overall 8/10 he said.              On the left is a Chris A. sporting Stormy Pink by Revlon. For  reference, he wears NARS foundation in the shade Cuzco. He rated  this product an overall 9/10 and said it had a really good opacity, is  comfortable on the lips, and he would wear it out!              I personally also find it really difficult to find pink lipsticks  that I feel confident in. One of my favorite pink lip products is a  liquid lipstick called More Better by Colourpop. Again, all of  Covergirl’s Queen Collection lipsticks would look good on POC but  a popular pink shade in their range is Powderpuff Pink. Maybelline  Color Sensational in Vivid Rose and Mesmerizing Magenta are two  shades of hot pink that I think anybody could wear. NYX 

Cosmetics in the shade Merlot is a gorgeous fuschia pink with blue undertones, which  will make your teeth look whiter *Bonus!* Revlon’s Super Lustrous Matte shade in  Stormy Pink is a matte barbie pink. Wet n Wild has another hot pink called Cherry  Picking and a light pink called Pinkerbell. 

Corals and oranges can be tricky regardless of your skin color; they can have an  unwanted yellow undertone which will make your teeth look  yellow. However, they can  be fun when you’re feeling a little daring or tired of all the usual, dark, “normal” colors  and just want something fun and bright for the summer. L'oreal Colour Riche Caresse  has a great hot reddish orange called Fiery Veil. Maybelline has a couple corals and  oranges. The coral shade is Shocking Coral and the orange shades are Electric Orange  and Vibrant Mandarin. Siren from Revlon’s Super Lustrous line is a more subtle hot  orange, if you just wanna dip your toes into bright colors. Wet n Wild’s Coral­ine is a red  with coral undertones and is a great bright red for the summer months. Purty  Persimmon from Wet n Wild is a vibrant red orange, also perfect for summer. 

Reds……… In my opinion, reds are more hit or miss than any other color. If a  color is too bright or dark for your personal preference, it is easy to layer products and  get your desired look, but I have found layering with reds to be near impossible. Reds  can be tricky because if they don’t have the right undertones, regardless of what you do,  they might not work. On the other hand, it is possible that the undertone is not as much  an undertone as it is a pigment in the product and a red with too much of a blue  undertone can end up looking like a messy purple. Reds with orange undertones  typically suit people with cooler undertones and most POC have warm or neutral  undertones. However, there are some orange reds that will flatter POC and there are  some POC who have cool undertones. While there is a whole science behind what colors,  shades, and undertones look good on people, at the end of the day, it all comes down to  personal preference. If you have cool undertones and like to wear blue toned reds or you  have warm undertones but prefer orange toned reds, you do you and wear what makes  you feel confident! Now onto the actual lipstick colors! Lady by Colourpop is a matte lip  product that is so comfortable, and not drying at all which is rare when it comes to  mattes! Covergirl Lip Perfection in the shade Hot Passion is a bright red that I would say  anybody could rock. Neon Red by Maybelline from the Color Sensational Vivids line is  exactly what it sounds like, a bright, neon, red. Red Revival by Maybelline is a cool toned  red that will flatter any POC with cool undertones. Milani’s Amore Matte Lip Creme in  Devotion and Lip Liner in Red Velvet are two reds that everyone could use in their  collection. Rimmel’s Kate Moss Collection shades #11 and #111 are two reds that are  great for beginners. #11 is a deep cherry red and #111 is a vibrant red, great for Spring  and Summer. Wet n Wild’s MegaLast Lip Color Lipsticks can be difficult to find but if  you manage to obtain Cherry Bomb, Cinnamon Spice, or Stoplight Red you have hit the 

jackpot. Wet n Wild is one of, if not, the cheapest drugstore brands but this does not  compromise the pigmentation and color payoffs of each lipstick. 

I don’t think I’ve found a purple lipstick that wouldn’t look stunning on a dark  skinned woman. With that being said, if you’re looking for a purple and don’t know  where to begin, here are a few ideas. Ebony Wine by Black Opal, Brandywine by Black  Radiance, Fine Wine from the Covergirl Queen Collection, Brazen Berry by Maybelline  Color Sensational Vivids, Plum Luster from Maybelline’s Color Sensational High Shine  Glosses, NYX Cosmetic’s Liquid Suede Lipstick in Amethyst, NYX Cosmetic’s Zen  Orchid, Wet n Wild’s Vamp it Up, and Sugar Plum Fairy are some gorgeous options;  from lavenders to grayish purples to deep purples the drugstore actually has it all. 

Now for my favorite category, dark and vampy lips. Ellarie, Guess, and LAX, and  Prim by Colourpop are extremely unique colors. Guess is an almost black purple that  may not be ideal for everyday wear but is fun for the occasional night out. LAX is a deep  maroon, great for Winter! Prim is almost identical in color but is a satin finish while  LAX is matte and can be very drying. Persistent Plum is a dark plum red by L’oreal  Infallible Le Rouge that is great for POC trying dark lips for the first time; it’s not too  bold but will compliment any skin tone. Milani’s Black Cherry is a pinkish plum that is  perfect for a daytime dark lip. NYX Cosmetics has quite a few dark lipsticks. Alien, a  NYX Liquid Suede Lipstick, is a black lipstick and the price is great for anyone who is  unsure about trying such a bold color! Goal Digger, Siren, Transylvania, and Vintage are  some other incredible dark lipsticks from NYX. Black Cherry from Revlon is a dark  plummy, brownish, maroon color that anybody could pull off. 

      On the left is Nikki rocking NYX Transylvania.  She wears Tan Bronze (35) Sephora Foundation.  She rated this product an overall 6/10, saying the  formula was kinda sticky, rubbed off easily, but is  a color she loved and could see herself wearing.         The last category of lipsticks is mauves all from  Colourpop, an online brand with drugstore prices  and free shipping on orders $30 and above. Chilly  Chili is my absolute favorite lip color and  StingRAYE is a close second. Teeny Tiny and Tulle  are two other matte liquid lipsticks and while  these look very similar in the tube, they all dry as  very different colors. If you like mauve lip  products but don’t want a liquid lipstick, their lip 

pencils in Grunge and Rayezor are great alternatives. 

From L to R: Chilly Chili, StingRAYE, Teeny Tiny, Tulle   

On the right is Chris N. looking gorgeous in Teeny  Tiny. She rated this product a 9.5/10 because it was a little  runny, but very opaque. 

  WHEW! That was a lot. If you’re feeling 

overwhelmed, here are a few tips and tricks to maneuver the  chaos that is drugstore makeup. First off, do your research!!  Know what colors you like, know what looks good on you,  and know what you will actually reach for and wear and get  your money’s worth out of. The easiest way to do this is to  take advantage of social media. Go to Google and type in the  brand and shade of lipstick you are looking at and add “swatches on dark [or medium]  skin”. Do the same on Instagram or even follow makeup accounts that swatch products  on various skin tones. A common favorite is @DUPETHAT. Twitter also has some  makeup accounts for WOC, my personal favorite is @MakeupforWOC. You can even go  to YouTube and you will find many people with similar skin tones as you, see what  colors they recommend and try them out for yourself. There is also an app, called Cocoa  Swatches, that features quite a few Black women wearing different products, so you can  get a better sense of what something will look like on you. They have nudes, reds, pinks,  purples, and even some crazier colors like blue. If you see a color you like but it is on  someone much lighter or darker than you, beware that the lipstick will most likely look  very different on you. If you end up not loving a product as much as you thought you  would, take advantage of return policies, they exist for your convenience! Many  drugstores, such as Target, Ulta, and Walgreens will take products back, even if you  have tried them out. To avoid spending too much time buying and returning, know what 

undertones you have and what colors will be most flattering on you. The easiest way to  figure this out is to look at the veins in your wrist. If your veins appear green, you have  warmer undertones. If they appear blue, you have cooler undertones. If it is hard to tell,  you most likely have neutral undertones.  

If you find that when you apply lipstick it tends to look messy or uneven, try  using a lip liner before you apply the lipstick. For an ombre effect, just line the outer  edge of your lips and fill in with the lipstick. For an even application, line and fill in with  the lip liner, then apply the lipstick on top. To get a smooth and even application,  exfoliate your lips regularly. Personally, I mix a teaspoon of honey and sugar and rub  that on my lips (keep the remaining exfoliant in an airtight container, it won’t go bad);  the honey moisturizes and the sugar is not too harsh when exfoliating. Wash that off and  moisturize your lips before applying any lip product. I typically moisturize my lips with  petroleum jelly but any lip balm or chapstick will do. Let your lips absorb the moisture  and then apply your lipstick and you will notice a difference immediately. Exfoliating  and moisturizing is extremely important if you wear matte and/or liquid lipsticks  because these tend to be very drying. If your lips are different colors and you want to  cancel that out before applying your lip color, dab a little foundation or concealer on  your lips and then apply your lipstick and you will notice a more even application. 

So if you made it through this whole post and are wondering where to find these  products, well most of them are pretty easily available in a lot of stores. Black Opal is  available at CVS, Walmart, and Rite Aid. It can also be purchased online and orders  above $25 are free shipping. Black Radiance can be found at CVS, Target, Walgreens,  and Walmart. They also offer free shipping on orders $35 and up. Colourpop is an  online only makeup store but they provide swatches on a few skin tones for many  products. Covergirl products are sold at Target, Ulta, Walgreens, and Walmart, however,  the Queen Collection is sold exclusively at Walgreens. L’oreal is sold at CVS, Rite Aid,  Target, Ulta, Walgreens, and Walmart. Maybelline products are sold at Target, Ulta,  Walgreens, and Walmart. Milani is sold at CVS, Walgreens, and Walmart. NYX products  are sold at Target, Ulta, and Walmart. Revlon and Rimmel are sold at CVS, Rite Aid,  Target, Ulta, and Walgreens. theBalm is sold at Kohl’s. Wet n Wild products can be  found at CVS, Rite Aid, Target, and Walgreens. 

If you are looking for Black Owned Beauty Brands, to make it easier to find  lipstick shades to compliment your skin tone, I recommend Black Opal, Black Radiance,  Black Up, Coloured Raine Cosmetics, Fashion Fair, Iman Cosmetics, KA’OIR Cosmetics,  Magnolia Makeup, MDMflow, and Sacha Cosmetics. 

Thanks for reading! I hope this helps you find lipsticks you feel confident in!!  Don’t forget, nobody can tell you what looks good or bad on you, only you get to be the  judge of that. So if you like it, wear it! ♥♥♥ 

1. What Now 2. Cryrrng Blood 3. The Funk Won't Let You Down 4. G:psy Woman (She's t{omeless) 5. Gon' B Alright 6. Love of My Life Worldwide 7. I'm Every Woman / Respect 8. Do My Thing (feat. Janelle

Monie g. Free Your Mind

10. Consumerism 11. Ghetto Woman LZ. Forrnation

Track List:

1.

2.

.t. 4. 5. 6.

7. B.

9. 10. 11.

12.

Rihanna V V Brown Patrice Rushen Crystal Waters ,Janet Jackson Erykah Badu, Queen Latifirh, Angie Stone, Bahamadia Aretha Franklin Estelle En Vogue Lauryn Hili .Ianelle Mon6e Beyonc6

Playlist Breakdown

The chroncllogl'of the songs in this plal'list is tu,ofbld: I r,r'anted the energl'to follou. the naturai progression of a n,orkout (r,varmup, intensity', cooldorvn) u,hile alscl telling a narrative around {inding healing and empou'erment.

First up is Rihanna's "What No\\'," a piece about acknou.ledging inner turmoil, having no direction, and feeling so isolated to the point of self-destruction. We begin our healing often at our most damaged state. In a sudden shift of tone, V V Broun's track, "Crying Blood," folio*s, ntth obrious 6o's rock and ro11 influences. Hor'r.ever, Bro\rn's lyrics are r+{:at stick out here, remincling us hou'even those close to us are capable of hindering our healing. After the pacey performance, "The Funk Won't Let You Do\^,n" slortly sashal's its rvat-in. Califbrnia native Patrice Rushen lets us knou'that the art of music has been and continues to be a nav for individuals to escape their heartaches and their oppressions. If the Funk makes vou r,r,ant to grab the nearest person to 1,ou, then Crystal Waters'"Glps,v Woman (She's Homeless)" lr.ill have )'ou busting out on a go's dancefloor. While her famous chorus may play otf as thoughtless, there is a story being told. Waters is singing about a homeless \ryoman on the street begging for mone1,, Arld America's distrust and xenophobia torvard colored \r-oman. After being left on a bleak telne that reminds us of the hatred in our ou,rr backt'ard, Janet Jackson bounces in with s\.nths, drums, trumpets and rnore, singing it's "Gon' B Alright." In the face of adversitv, lending a hand and shor,r.ing support for one another lvon't have us feeling so isolated. 'Ihen, just as we're about to hit the middle of our rvorkout, it's time to unwind u'ith Erykah Badu-ancl friends! On "Love of My Life Worldwide," Badu is joined by fellow hip hop/R&B artists Queen Latifah, Bahamadia, and Angie Stone, putting the spotlight on prominent black females in their industry. After the cooldor,r.n, the legendary Aretha Franklin gently kicks us back into gear rt,ith her mashup of "I'm Er.ery Woman / Respect." Originallv sung by Chaka Khan and Whitnev Flouston, this mashup cleverll. combines female and self--empowerment it.ith the message of appreciation. Hopping off of that train follon's Estelle's "Do lVIv Thing," featuring Janelle Mon6e, baring their true selr.es unapologeticalli'. Next up, the iconic En Vogue's "F-ree Your Mind" directlr, addresses r,vhv black \\'omen feel they must defend their er.erl. action: institutional n,hite patriarchl'. Or,er hean. guitars and harmonized chorus, En Vogue proclaims their dissatisfaction r,vith the status quo, and hor.t, their intersectionalities place them into oppressive conditions. As if the message nasn't ciear enough, the immensel), talented Laurvn Hill calls out our toxic infrastructures on "Conslrmerism." Arguablv, no one can spin language ars effortlessl1, as }{ill, so I'11 let her h,rics speak for themselves. Nong r,r,itho'Free Your Mind," "Consumerism" represents the process of uniearning the u'hite supremacist attitudes \\'e'\,'e internalized, as r,r,ell as reaching social consciousness. Aftemards, Janelle Mon6e makes her second appearance on a sobering track, "Ghetto Woman." Truh,, this is an anthem rvritten for our mothers and sheros of color, highlighting the often unnoticed trials and tribulations that affect their daill'lir.es. Mon6e's overall }ighter tempo. along with the introduction of Jill Scott's "Golden," signifies that n'e're reaching the end. Scott sings a\{av rr-ith an admirable message of self-respect, self-actualization, and optimism. The play'list most certainly could have ended there... but it only'felt appropriate to include Bevonc6's "Formation" as a call to action. An empor,tering anthem from someone who's allclned us to rvatch her heal.

What Happens When Superwoman Can’t Fly?

Black Women & Mental Health 

By Shelemat 

 

It’s one thing when your community              shuns mental health issues, but it’s            another when you hear it from those              alongside you and massmediaportrayals            of what black women should be. The              curse of the “strong independent black            woman” is a seemingly positive title, but              in reality is just another dehumanizing            stereotype. The notion that every black            woman must be a matriarch at all times,                navigating through a racist and sexist            society, is completely ludicrous. When          every voicearoundyoudemandsthatyou              have your life together, asking for or              needing emotional and mental support          equates to weakness.  

The existence of mental health issues              in the black community is overshadowed            by negative stigma preventing those who            need it from speaking out, as well as a                  lack of resources to even address the              specific ways black individuals need help            for their trauma given the context of our                society. According to ​Mental Health          America​, 63% of African­American        believed that depression is a personal            weakness, but considering that        socioeconomic status is linked to mental            health, the individual is not at fault.  

America’s tradition of race­ based            exclusion from health, educational and          socioeconomic resources has led to          poverty, homelessness, mass      incarceration, and substance abuse        among many black communities, thus          resulting in the fact that 20% of African                American adults are morelikelytoreport              serious psychological distress than adult          whites, and yet we as black people label   Mental health issues as  “white people   

shit.” That is simply another form of              internalized oppression that says we can’t            have what they have. Mental health, like              human rights, does not belong to any one                group of people and unlike our society              mental health issues will not inherently            skip you because you are black. This not                only hurts individuals, but also allows            white people and dominant culture          another opportunity to ignore the          victimization of people of color,          specifically black women.   Black women face this battle on two               

fronts. First being the stigma and            patriarchy within their community, and          second being the rest of society armed              with patriarchy and stereotypes. Ifablack              woman voices her discontent at          something, from within her community          she “has attitude,” to the rest of America                she is the “angry black woman” and ifshe                  says nothing then now she is weak and                looked down upon for not standing upfor                herself. As she moves through the world              she is constantly and unspokenly          reminded to make herself less          “aggressive,” less “intimidating;”      essentially less black. In hospital settings            she is under diagnosedfordepressionand              over diagnosed for schizophrenia but is            consistently at fault for her circumstances.       Dear Black Woman, 

Contrarytopopularbeliefyoudonot                have to be Superwoman. You are entitled              to ​all ​your emotions andfrustrations.You              are allowed to cry and ask for help and                  you are allowed to independent. You are              allowed to ruin everyone’s expectations of            what woman looks like or should be and                in all this, love and take care of yourself. 

 

Gentrification  by Adan Perez 

They've come, they've seen, they've decided to stay, and locals are left 

with higher rents, some are at risk of losing their homes and faux sense of 

security, and some are left asking,“ is there any way to stop them? How do we 

protect our communities from this seemingly unstoppable wave of affluence 

that every day decides to swoop into our communities, find a place to nest, and 

slowly drives locals out?” 

  Merriam­Webster defines gentrification as “ ​the process of renewal and rebuilding 

accompanying the influx of middle­class or affluent people into deteriorating areas that  often displaces poorer residents…”  ​Wait, hold up a second here, “deteriorating”? Who or what  is defining what deteriorating is? Because these places that are/were labeled as “deteriorating”  : The Mission, historically Black Bayview­Hunters Point in SF, Oakland, East Palo Alto,  Redwood City, Menlo Park, Echo Park and Boyle Heights in Southern California, Atlanta  Washington D.C., Harlem, Bedford­Stuyvesant (Bed­Stuy), Seattle, and Boston tend to have  large concentrations of working class communities of color. Coincidence? I think not! In  places like Bed­Stuy, Bayview­Hunters Point, Oakland, Harlem, D.C., areas that were home to  predominantly Black communities have seen the waves of white wealth and what comes with  them ­ Starbucks, cupcake shops, Whole Foods, rise in rents, tenants being forced out of their  homes systematically to make way for the good white folks that can pay whatever price is set  for them to live in “urban areas” because they're “more interesting” than the previous city they  decided to overrun.  

Here in the SF Bay Area/South Bay/Peninsula region, we have seen a rather different  side of gentrification. When you first think of gentrification, what comes to mind? 20­30  something white yuppies with loads of expendable income, eager to move into communities of  color for that “urban flavor” that accompanies having moved into these areas. But what do we  do when the gentrifiers are affluent communities of color themselves? From the Diridon  Cal­Train Station of San Jose, to Menlo Park, Redwood City, and now East Palo Alto, a  growing trend of tech workers of color coming into working class communities of color and  causing rents to rise, as well as the price of homes has been a new occurrence that has gained  rapid speed. In the predominantly Latino and working class areas of Redwood City, rents have  risen from $2500 to $3800 since 2012, according to real estate website Zillow. In San Jose,  there are questions as to whether the new Berryessa Bart Station, expected to be completed by  2017, will lead to gentrification of San Jose's East Side, home to predominantly working class  communities of color, by other affluent communities of color. 

The result of these happenings is that many families are finding themselves moving  outside of the Bay Area, to places like Tracy, Stockton, Manteca, Modesto, Merced, and Los  Banos to find affordable housing, leading them to have lengthy commutes to and from the Bay  Area for those that decide to keep their jobs here. 

Gentrification is also being met with harsh resistance in some areas. Boyle Heights,  neighbor to LA's famed East Los Angeles, has been one of the more recent targets of this  attempt to welcome affluence from outside. From in­your­face, “get the fuck out of Boyle  Heights” statements, to interrupting real estate tours and opera companies setting up stage  performances at local parks, many residents are blatantly expressing their distaste with what  they view as an attack on their historic community. Some call it hostile resistance, others  champion these folks, I, for one, see it as doing what is considered necessary to protect one’s  home and sense of tranquility. 

 

Introduction   to   Black   Feminism  

WEALTH   INEQUALITY   BY   RACE   AND   GENDER 

Mishal   Khan 

 

 

                                    As   the   United   States   keep   on   getting   more   and   more   ethnically   and   racially 

diverse,   the   economic   market   gets   more   and   more   unequal   in   terms   of   income   and 

wealth.      To   the   present   day,   wealth   inequality   has   been   statistically   measured   to   be 

higher   in   the   United   States,   more   than   any   other   industrially   developed   country.   It   is 

really   important   to   recognize   the   elements   of   disparity   such   as   race   and   gender   which 

lead   to   unequal   distribution   of   wealth. 

According   to   the   Survey   of   Income 

and   Program   Participation   (SIPP) 

panel,   In   the   US,   families   of   color   in 

total   own   less   than   one   tenth   of 

wealth   owned   by   white   families.      As 

revealed   by   the   above   data,   on   every 

count,   the   black   people   own   less 

wealth   than   white   Americans.African 

Americans   constitute   almost   31%,   and 

Latinos   constituting   around   35   %   are 

approximately   2.5   times   more   likely 

than   white   americans   to   own   zero   or   negative   net   worth.   Almost   three   quarters   of   white 

americans   are   the   owners   of   their   own   homes,   while   only   48%   of   African   American   own 

 

 

   

their   own   homes.   More   than   50%   of   white   people   in   the   US   have   their   retirements 

accounts   and   own   stocks   or   bonds.      In   contrast   only   30%   of   black   households   own 

stocks   or   bonds,   or   pension   plans.  

                        Moreover,   according   to   the   statistics   white   Americans   have   on   average   more   assets 

than   black   people   or   people   of   color   in   general.   They   have   a   greater   access   to   assets   . 

According   to   current   trends,   this   racial   gap   is   growing   increasing   the   wealth   gap. 

According   to   the   Federal   Reserve   Bank,   “from   1995   to   2001,   the   average   family   of   color 

saw   their   net   worth   decreased      7%      percent   to   be   $17,100,   while   an   average   white 

family’s   net   worth   grew   37   percent   to   be   $120,000   in   the   same   period”. 

 

                           Moving   on   toward   the   gender   wealth   gap,   women   are   less   likely   to   earn   equal 

income   or   own   every   type   of   asset.   The   estimated   median   value   of   women's   ownership   of 

assets   is   almost   always   substantially   lower   than   that   of   their   male   counterparts   or 

coworkers.      According   to   the   above   bar   graph   chart,   Black   or   African   women   earn 

relatively   less   than   white   women.   They   share   a   smaller   percentage   of   stocks,   bonds   or 

other   financial   assets   ownership.   Women 

in   general   less   likely   hold   retirement 

accounts,   and   their   pension   plan   is 

typically   less   than   a   man’s.   The   gender 

wealth   gap   is   relatively   difficult   to 

measure   than   the   race   wealth   gap   because 

wealth   is   typically   a   household 

characteristic      with   people   of   opposite 

genders   in   the   same   common   household. 

Most   data   on   wealth   disparity   between 

men   and   women   looks   at   non­married  

  2 

   

 

households,   which   approximately   comprise   47   %   of   all   households   according   to   the   1998 

census.   Married   households   own   significantly   more   wealth   than   the   non­married 

households.   For   women   specifically,   marriage   and   divorce   affect   their   economic   well 

being   in   many   ways.   Where   marriage   reduces   women’s   likelihood   to   earn   money,   it 

hardly   affects   the   man.   Similarly,   women   suffer   more   than   men   if   divorced   or   widowed. 

Unmarried   women   however   have   the   least   ownership   of   financial   assets.  

                            Considering   the   phenomenon   of   wealth   inequality   by   race   and   gender,   it   can   be 

inferred   in   broader   perspective   that   white   privilege   and   male   privilege   impacts   the   lives 

of   black   women,   and   women   in   general,   in   ways   such   as   lowering   their   self   esteem, 

preventing   them   from   progressing   in   their   professional   lives,   and   much   more.   The 

writers   of   The   Combahee   River   Collective   Black   Feminist   Statement   articulate   this   point 

by   stating   that,   

   “....the   psychological   toll   of   being   a   Black   woman   and   the   difficulties   this   presents   in 

reaching   political   consciousness   and   doing   political   work   can   never   be   underestimated.  

There   is   a   very   low   value   placed   upon   Black   women’s   psyches   in   this   society,   which   is 

both   racist   and   sexist”(Combahee). 

                              Black   women   are   dealing   with   racism   against   black   people   as   well   as   sexism 

against   black   women   in   particular.   This   explains   the   concept   of      Misogynoir     which   refers 

to   the   intersection   of   racism,   anti blackness,   and   misogyny   that   Black   women   experience 

on   a   daily   basis.   The   notion   of    Misogynoir   is   derived   from   intersectionality   which 

interrelates   the   systems   of   power   such   as   race,   sex,   class,   and   sexual   orientation   with 

oppression.The   society   has   created   its   own   boundaries   and   stereotypes   that   place   black 

women   in   a   category   which   makes   them   believe   that   they   lack   potential   and   do   not 

deserve   equality.   However,   In   this   economic   system   it   is   essential   to   stop   the 

concentration   of   wealth   in   particular   hands   and   benefit   the   country   as   whole   by 

providing   same   quality   of   education,unbiased   good   jobs,   equal   living   wages,   quality   of 

life   and   health      regardless   of   race   or   gender.   America   today   is   a   hub   of   elite   business 

monopoly   which   controls   the   economy   and   shatters   the   dreams   of   millions   of   African 

Americans,   Hispanic   (people   of   color)   that   still   live   in   poverty.   The   government   should 

stop   promoting   the   neo­liberalist   approach   toward   economy,   and   work   for   a   system 

which   proves   to   be   beneficial   to   all   Americans   regardless   of   race   or   gender. 

  3 

Protect Our 2nd Amendment Rights!    Dear NRA,   

In a chaotic Presidential election year in which every single social issue is up for   politicization, I hope that as a country, we continue to protect our constitutional rights  our fellow patriots have fought long and hard to uphold. We have built walls in the  wrong places. I urge your esteemed organization to continue protecting Michelle  Obama’s right to bear her arms... 

  I’m guessing this is where your Inhumane Resources Department stops reading... 

but ​with me.   

We have entered a new era of extremism in this country. White men are entering  our schools, theatres, places of worship, social venues, etc. and killing in the name of  White America’s “mental illness” epidemic. The Yelp reviews will be forever affected. We  have done  ​nothing  ​to stop these attacks from happening other than offering our  “thoughts” and our “prayers”. This is not enough. White mothers and their children will  have to live their whole lives trying to avoid buying trench coats and “Grand Theft Auto  VI”. Black and Brown children will forever be nice to white children just in case anything  happens. 

Tragic.   

 On the other hand, we have done everything possible to demean, dehumanize,  and attack our First Lady, Michelle Obama. From the moment she stepped out for the  first dance as President and First Lady,  ​her ​ right to bear  ​her ​ arms were attacked.  

We get it. It’s appalling being out in public like that. A Princeton and Harvard  educated black woman is dancing with the first black President of the United States of  America. It's a dangerous sight for white America...  ​and  ​on top of that, she has two  arms! It’s a lot scarier than a gun I guess. But can we be a little bit more subtle about the  racism here? 

 The NRA needs to protect her rights. She has every right to bear  ​both​ her arms  out in the open like that, right? Isn’t this the core of your agenda? Spending millions of  dollars on buying politicians for Michelle’s rights? This is why this cause is so near and  dear to my heart. If equality is what we want, then we need to leave Michelle alone. We  need to fight for her right to bear arms. If everyone sees that you’re armed, they are less  likely to cause harm. I’ve heard this regurgitated by every one of your members and 

every politician that you’ve bought. This is what your whole organization is about and  I’m urging you to uphold it. As a Christian (I thought you would appreciate this line), we  must protect every black woman’s right to bear her arms. We must make sure that black  women can bear their arms front and center without having to be checked if they are a  threat to society or even questioned for their actions. Black women should be able to  bear their arms, their thoughts, their feelings, their humanity without fear of being  regulated by our federal government. 

I hope that this letter won’t be the last one you read about this issue. I hope that  your organization continues receiving letters all across these United States urging you to  join this cause. I know for certain there is a Social Justice Warrior right now typing up a  Change.Org petition to pressure your involvement. White America can’t just here and do  nothing because that’s what they’ve been doing since 1492. We need to stop the violence  against Michelle and other black women. We need to protect her rights.  

    Sincerely,    An overtly sarcastic  ​fabulous ​ queer citizen of color 

 

#bl acklivesmatter Some may say that the incident that struck the birth of the +blacklivesmatter movement

occurred on February 26, zotz when George Zimmerman shot and killed 17 year old

Trayvon Martin, who was unarmed. Below is a timeline of some of the murders

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website and have various social media outlets to keep you updated and show how you

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The Moments in the Movements By Leann Miyashiro 

The #BlackLivesMatter movement has caused many reactions, some positive and 

some negative; some support it and some are against it. Through these reactions have 

come many more movements, both in support of and against. One of the movements in 

connection to #BlackLivesMatter that show their support is #Asians4BlackLives. This 

movement is based in the Bay Area and made up of a diverse group of Asian voices. One 

goal they are reaching toward is to show solidarity with black people in the struggle.  

According to a member of the #Asians4BlackLives organizers, “we don’t have it 

all figured out, but we are committed to taking a stand, and learning as we go. We will 

not wait to be perfect, because we believe the time is now and we would rather be held 

accountable for our mistakes than forgiven our inaction.” This statement definitely 

resonates with all within the movement. They admit they’re still learning, they are not 

perfect, and will make mistakes, and they are only human and will not let those factors 

stop them from doing what they believe in. One of the ways they show their support is 

by keeping the messages and slogans on the theme of #BlackLivesMatter, not All Lives 

Matter. They also show it in acts of solidarity that they keep updated on their website, 

a4bl.wordpress.com.  

Showing support of the movement can also be small acts as simple as talking 

about #BlackLivesMatter and bringing awareness. The Jubilee Project, who teamed with 

NBC for a series called “Voices,” did this recently in the form of a video. It was a video of 

Asian­Americans discussing their thoughts on #BlackLivesMatter. In the video, they 

find the importance of supporting movements even if they don’t directly identify with 

them. “I may not know what to say politically but if I had a friend who was hurting I 

would want to be there for them.” This statement definitely resonates with me. It’s about 

realizing that at the end of the day, we’re all just human, and all deserve equality. 

Another important statement made is that the movement’s participants realize that the 

purpose of #BlackLivesMatter is to spread awareness, not to belittle other communities 

and make them feel less than.  It is a call to action with the goal of working for a world 

where Black lives are no longer systematically and intentionally targeted for demise. 

There are many more movements, social media accounts, and different outlets 

that connect to #BlackLivesMatter. Although there are both positive and negative 

responses, there needs to be more focus on the positives. If you’re going to put in the 

effort and time into a movement, why not let it be something that you care and are 

passionate about. There should be more time spent spreading the love and positive 

awareness than giving time to hatred and being negative.  

 

"...u)ho is more deseruing of admiration than the blocku)omen, she uho hos borne the rigors of slauery, the depriuotions consequent on o pouperized race, qnd the indignities heaped upon a toeak and defenseless people. Yet she has suffered alltoithfortitude, and stands euer ready to help inthe onutard march of freedom andpouer. Benot discouraged black Ltromen of the u;orld, but push foru ard, reg ardles s of the lack of appreciation shousnyou. A race must be saued, a country must be redeemed..." Amy Jacques Garuey

The Afric-American Female Intelligence Society of Boston was one of the first self-help organizations formed by free black women because it was difficult to become leaders in other organizations with black men or white women.

The Salem Massachusetts Female Anti-Slavery Society was the first female abolitionist group organized by free women of color.

18S1 l.867

Sojourner Truth gives her remarkable, "Ain't I a Woman" speech at the women's rights convention, detailing black feminist thought and the implicit links it makes between race and gender in the lives of black women, while also explaining the different needs among black and white women.

188o

Mary Shadd Cary founded the Colored Women's Progressive Franchise Association in Washington D.C., one of the earliest women's rights organizations for African American women. Gaining suffrage was an important goal, but they also focused on expanding the available jobs for black women, and establishing newspapers that black women could control.

During the first Equal Rights Association (ERA) meeting Sojourner Truth addressed women's rights again, but feared that the freedom of black men was getting more attention than black women's liberation.

r89o 1892

The founding of Women's Era.It was a huge step forward in black women's publishing history and the coming of age politically for clubwomen.

Anna Julia Cooper published A Voice from the South by a BlackWoman of the South, the firstbook length feminist analysis of the condition of African Americans.

After rgth amendment passed, Nannie Burroughs worked with the NACW to mobilize black women voters. After black women found themselves in desperate economic times, due to their loss ofjobs when the men returned from the war, Nannie Burroughs organized the National Association of Wage Earners. She eventually became the president of the National League of Republican Colored Women.

r975

The Boston chapter of NBFO branched offto found a more radical organization, naming itself the Combahee River Collective, where they published their first black feminist lesbian manifesto in 1977.

Claudia Jones became one of the most outspoken black Communists on the issue of women's rights.

r984

SAGE: A Scholarly Journal on Black Women was the first explicitly black feminist periodical devoted exclusively to the experiences of women of African descent in the U.S. They covered issues such as mother-daughter relationships in the black community, health, science and technology, and the situation of women in rural Africa.

Moments in the Movernent: Blo.ck Liues Mstter Where We Came From

Probably the first woman to speak publicly in defense of women's rights, Maria W. Stewart delivered four public lectures in Boston, though she is remembered primaril as the first American-born of any race to lecture publicly about political matters to racially mixed audiences.

The Philadelphia Female Anti-Slavery Society emerged because the American Anti-Slavery Society (AAS) prohibited female membership

Mary Shadd Cary was the first black female newspaper editor in North America. Her pubiishing efforts mark the beginning of black women leadership in journalism, a male dominated field.

Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony organized the women-only National Woman Suffrage Association (NWSA) because of the abandonment of their needs and interests by black male leaders

I Lucy Stoneorganized theAmerican Woman Suffrage Association (AWSA) in Cleveland.

Mary Shadd Cary becomes the first blackwoman lawyer in the U.S., graduating from Howard Law School.

Women's Erc published their first issue. It included a feature article on Lucy Stone, a strong advocate for black women entering the public arena in hopes to solve their unique problems. She also was aware of the double jeopardy" that black women face.

The National Association of Colored Women (NACW) was formed as a result of the coalition of the Federation and Mary Church Terrell's National League of Colored Women of Washington D.C., where she became the first president.

The Universal Negro Improvement Association (IJNml is founded, and would laterbecome one of the most powerful nationalist organizations in the IT S

November,

Publications of The BlackWoman: An Anthology, The Bluest Eye, and Cables to Rage began the age of a literary awakening among black women, and the beginning of a clearly defined black women's liberation movement, differing from the white feminist movement.

The National Black Feminist Organization (NBFO) emerges as it becomes prominent that, "there can't be liberation for half the race." The first meeting was a historic gathering of the first explicitly black feminist organization committed to the eradication of sexism, racism, and heterosexism, with workshops in welfare, women's liberation, lesbianism, education, addiction, and much more. In attendance \^/ere Alice \Malker, Flo Kennedy, Eleanor Holmes Norton, and Margaret Sloan, NBFO's first and only president.

a984

Alice Walker's 1n Search of Our Mothers'Gardens provided the term "womanist" as an alternative to the pejorative term, "feminist."

199os

Black feminist theory comes of age, moving away from mainstream feminism

199t

Anita Hill breaks the silence about Judge Clarence Thomas, transforming the typical ways of dealing with black male behavior. This sparked many comments on the character of black females, leading to the formation of the African American Women in Defense of Ourselves.

#FREEJASMINE    

Queer Black women are leading efforts resulting in transformational change 

across the United States. One reason for this is that they are on the front lines 

and doing what it takes to disrupt the dominant culture’s acceptance of the 

violence they live with.  

 

One activist is #BlackLivesMatter Pasadena founder Jasmine Richards, who was 

released from police custody Sunday, June 19, 2016 after being convicted of 

felony lynching when pulling a woman from police grip during a protest about the 

police shooting of Kendrec McDade. Richards had after been under constant 

police scrutiny which began at the same time as her activist efforts began in 

Pasadena. She is the first Black woman to be convicted of lynching, since the law 

was originally created in the 1930’s to protect Black protesters in police custody 

from being kidnapped and lynched by the Ku Klux Klan. 

  "This is really the system's lynching of Jasmine Richards,"   says fellow Black Lives Matter organizer and scholar  

Dr. Malina Abdullah   

This year we have seen many women spotlighted as dangerous and violent. Social 

media has helped bring a different lens to these charges. Many of the women are 

young, Black, and sometimes queer, and and are speaking out against injustice 

and have been targeted by vicious hate campaigns as a result. Some are dying 

while in police custody and mainstream media places the blame on the women 

themselves, some of them as young as kindergarten age. In the viral videos we 

can see that these women and girls are trying to defend themselves and others 

and are met with physical harm, police brutality and institutional betrayal, often 

resulting in death. 

 

Richards’ conviction carries a mandatory 4 year sentence that will be served on 

probation. The petition with 80,000 signatures did not sway the court. 

Organizers see a direct link between this sentencing and efforts to quash future 

organizing efforts by BlackLivesMatter groups nationwide as well as any other 

groups working to end police brutality.  

 

 

 

 

As Richards exited the courtroom following her conviction, she and supporters 

did a call and response of the Assata Shakur quote: 

“It is our duty to fight for our freedom.  It is our duty to win. 

We must love each other and support each other.  We have nothing to lose but our chains.” 

―  ​Assata Shakur ​,  ​Assata: An Autobiography 

Anyone hearing this information for the first time needs to be doing everything 

possible to support efforts by Richards and others to dismantle white supremacy. 

You can donate money toward Richards’ legal fees here: 

www.crowdrise.com/BLMLA 

 

 

 

 

 

African Diaspora  By Julie­Ann Kimbouri 

For centuries Black people across thenationhaveimmenselyprojectedtheir love                       

and acceptance for their Black identity through the many recognizable public                     

movements and global groups presentedthroughoutsocieties. It isapparentthatpeople                       

within the African Diaspora have been dehumanized all over the world due to the                           

extensive factors of slavery and colonialism. America is considered the “utopian”                     

country of the world due to the capitalist and imperialist entities that construct the                           

system,whichhasgrantedit it’spopularplatformtowhichmillionsacrosstheworldpay                             

attention and give value. Because of this, all the politically acclaimed events that occur                           

in America are publically broadcasted and given recognition to those who are involved                         

in social issues.  

African­Americans ­ those who identify as American born people of African                     

descent ­ are represented as the singular form of blackness and are seen as the only                               

“type” of Black person in this nation, when in fact there are several forms of Black                               

identities throughout the African Diaspora that go unnoticed. Africans, West Indians,                     

and Afro­Latinx are a few out of themanyBlackcultural identitiesofwhichpeopletend                               

to be ignorant. Western societies have constructed this notion that “there is only one                           

way to be Black,” suggesting that blackness is monolith. This causes one who may                           

genetically or physically hold African descent to be denied their Black identity.  

I can speak from my perspective as a West/Central­African women born in                       

America. Throughout my life I’ve struggled with my ethnic identity because I was so                           

confused about who I culturally connected with the most. I was raised in a                           

semi­traditional African home, but adopted American values and beliefs that shape my                       

perspective and insight as an individual. I unapologetically claim my African roots                       

without question, but also culturally connect so much to theAfrican­Americanidentity.                       

It was even more difficult for me because I’ve always noticed this disconnect between                           

my Africans and African­Americans. Although many Western societies ignore the                   

distinguishing cultures between people within the African Diaspora, Black people                   

themselves across the world are very aware of the cultural differences. 

Sadly, this isn’t the sole reason Africans and African­Americans hold animosity                     

towards each other. It all stems from the overbearing factors of colonialism, which has                           

ultimately taughtustodespiseeachother.Overtheyears,asI’vebecomemoreeducated                             

on both my African and African­American heritage, I’ve built a stronger pride for my                           

identity and have accepted the fact that I’m both. I’m a Cameroonian and Congolese                           

American woman with roots so deep and rich that I couldn’t be any prouder of whereI                                 

come from. 

Bérénice’s ‘Crevettes En Chardonnay’

INGREDIENTS

2 lbs of shrimp 

1.5 or 2 Limes or Lemons (to clean shrimp) 

Fresh, minced garlic 

½ of a chopped red onion (diced) 

1 Tomato (diced) 

Cayenne Pepper 

Paprika 

Black pepper 

Salt  

Grape seed or olive oil   

Half a cup of Chardonnay (any brand will do; if you choose to “up” your cooking and dining 

experience, ‘Dom P​é ​rignon’ is a lovely choice)  Tomato paste or traditional pasta sauce  

A bit of water (to add while shrimp is sautéing in sauce medley)  

And lastly, Your undying devotion to the Black Feminist struggle 

 

DIRECTIONS

Place shrimp in a bowl 

Use limes or lemons to clean the shrimp 

Begin to heavily or lightly season the shrimp (dependent on taste and what you can handle) 

Place oil in the heated pan (Medium heat) 

Put tomato paste into the pan (Use spoon to spread the paste) 

Beautifully throw in the chopped red onions, minced garlic, diced tomatoes into the pan, and 

lovingly circle them with spoon to spread around the pan 

Now you may place the shrimp 

Wait for two to three minutes before pouring half a cup of the Chardonnay, then stir 

Add a tad bit of water 

Let simmer for 15 minutes to 17 minutes 

You may serve with roasted potatoes cooked with lavender and rosemary, or simply with rice 

and beans. Whatever you desire!

VOIL​à​! 

TBH! (To be Honest!) By Chris Nguyen 

  Racist jokes are not cute. TL;DR just don't make them, and stop supporting those who  do.    To observers: If someone is making racist jokes, you are supporting their behavior when  you are silent (or worse, smiling or laughing along). When you are silent it shows the  person that there is nothing wrong about the dangerous implications that come with  those jokes, and they will continue to make them. It doesn't matter if you personally feel  it's okay for the joke to take place, or i​f the person whose identity is targeted by that joke  laughs along.    Silence might be necessary in some situations, but when possible a simple "hey, that's  not funny" can make all the difference (especially if you and the person making the joke  are not targeted by it).    There is a reason why we're conditioned to view stereotypes as funny. It's to keep people  "in line". Think about it: who or what groups would benefit from making and laughing at  these jokes? What does it mean when we are the subject of those jokes, and how do  these stereotypes affect the way we view ourselves?    The negative impact of harmful jokes apply toward other marginalized identities as well  (those affected by sexism, cissexism, homophobia, classism, physical ableism, mental  ableism, etc) aka women, trans and nonbinary individuals, people who are queer/not  straight, people who are poor, people who are differently able, people who are  neurodiverse... list is not of mutually exclusive identities either.    I'm not saying anything new.    It's 2016. We should be better. It's not about political correctness, it's about being a  decent person and respecting others. We can start to do this by learning from the shitty  things we used to do and then stop doing them.   

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Sweet Tea

BEAUTY BEYONCE BLACK FEMINISM

EDUCATION FASHION HEALTH

IDENTITY INTERSECTIONALITY MEDIA

MOTHERHOOD POLITICS POP CULTURE

RECIPES RELATIONSHIPS REPRESENTATION

SEXUALITY SWEET TEA WOMANISM

I C W O R E C I P E S A W Z I X N B E N

D F O F V I T O B H G H J S N U G J O A

E Z M M H N W C E O T A P O T H N A R S

N L A U C T O B F L E I E C D Z E A Z E

T O N O B E J G A J H C D P J I H G M X

I X I H U R V E A S O S U W W E O J N U

T G S I R S H R N I C Y C O R H B O M A

Y M M M K E W O D I H A A U K Q I N M L

F J F B L C I J T P A Y T L U T Y D O I

D L I K G T U I W O F L I I A F S H T T

K S O J A I L F Z X U W O T E U W F H Y

F D S L Z O F R C C N C N Q L L E A E Y

Q N E Z P N F P P Y T E S V N W E S R C

F R L I O A V O Y Q S J M P E T T H H R

H X A T U L P S F E W R K B Z R T I O J

I U W R M I Z B R S N G J C N Z E O O G

E V C Y A T O P B E A U T Y K G A N D N

C Q X Q T Y E K K F O N X M E D I A T V

W G C L K R B E Y O N C E Z F Q L I X V

C S B L A C K F E M I N I S M H L K G D

Glossary By Sarah Koppenhaver Anti-Blackness: the historical and current debasement of Black humanity, the utter indifference to Black suffering, the erasure of Black life, the denial of Black people’s right to exist, and the refusal to acknowledge the injustice of white supremacy Anti-Black racism: anti-Blackness through the combination of prejudice, discrimination, and violence within social institutions that reproduce white supremacy, racial inequality, and injustice, regardless of intent Black: the universal term often used to describe people of the African diaspora Black/African American: terms used to describe Black people who are citizens of the United States Black Feminism: the philosophical, political, and ethical position that Black women face multiple, intersecting, & interlocking oppressions and in order to gain true liberation, we must dismantle these institutions of oppression Black feminist thought (BFT): term created by Patricia Hill Collins that describes a fundamental paradigmatic shift in how we think about oppression. It re-conceptualizes the social relations of domination and resistance and demonstrates Black women’s emerging power as agents of knowledge.

Acknowledges Black women’s experiences with both racial and gender oppression that result in needs and problems distinct from white women and Black men, and that Black women must struggle for equality both as women and as African Americans

Black woman(en): women who identify as Black, share cultural connections of being Black and female, and have an ancestral heritage as a member of the African Diaspora Capitalism: an economic and political system in which a country’s trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit, rather than by the state (government) or by the people (workers). Set up to be inequitable and unequal. Cisgender (cis): term used to describe an individual who identifies with the gender they were assigned at birth Collins, Patricia Hill: Black feminist scholar who created the concept of Black feminist thought and the Matrix of Domination, and has contributed extensively to intersectional Black feminist scholarship. Crenshaw, Kimberlé: Black feminist scholar who formally introduced the theory of intersectionality, although it had been experienced and recognized by Black women for hundreds of years prior.

Feminism: the philosophical, political, and ethical position that people should not be discriminated against because of their gender (Feminist) Standpoint Theory: theory that asserts that who we are and the power and privilege that we have impact the different ways in which we experience situations. Our perceptions are influenced by our position in society. Feminist standpoint theory has three principal claims:

1) Knowledge is socially situated. 2) Marginalized groups are socially situated in ways that make it more possible

for them to be aware of things and ask questions than it is for the non- marginalized.

3) Research, particularly that that focuses on power relations, should begin with the lives of the marginalized.

Gender: label/category used to identify the sociological and cultural expectations of individuals based on assumed characteristics and roles. Used to express masculinity, femininity, and androgyny, and often thought of in binary terms. Gender binary: the socially constructed dichotomy of human activities, behaviors, appearances, emotions, mannerisms, body parts, etc. into masculine and feminine. It is a central tenet of patriarchy. Heteronormativity: perpetuation of the assumption that everyone in society is straight or heterosexual. Thinks of sexual identity in binary terms (gay/straight) and places heterosexuality as dominant/”normal” sexuality. Heterosexism: attitudes, bias, and discrimination in favor of heterosexual sexuality and relationships over other sexualities and relationship types Human Rights: inherent to all human beings, whatever our nationality, place of residence, sex, national or ethnic origin, color, religion, language, or any other status. We are all equally entitled to our human rights without discrimination. These rights are all interrelated, interdependent, and indivisible. Implicit (unconscious) bias: refers to the attitudes or stereotypes that affect our understanding, actions, and decisions in an unconscious manner. These biases, which encompass both favorable and unfavorable assessments, are activated involuntarily and without an individual’s awareness or intentional control. Residing deep in the subconscious, these biases are different from known biases that individuals may choose to conceal for the purposes of social and/or political correctness. Matrix of Domination: created by Patricia Hill Collins and used for understanding the system of power that sees society’s labels/categories as interconnected and capable of privileging or oppressing individuals based on said labels/categories Microaggressions: according to Sue, Bucceri, Lin, Nadal, and Torino (2007), racial micro aggressions are brief and commonplace daily verbal, behavioral, and

environmental indignities, whether intentional or unintentional, that communicate hostile, derogatory, or negative racial slights and insults to the target person or group, and are expressed in three forms: microassaults, microinsults, and microinvalidations.

Microassaults: deliberate, conscious, and explicit expression of bias (similar to “old fashioned” racism) Microinsults: actions that convey insensitivity, are rude, or directly demean a person’s racial identity or heritage (e.g., “you’re so articulate.”) Microinvalidations: actions that exclude, negate, or nullify the psychological thoughts, feelings, or experiences (e.g., “you speak really good English; where were you born?”)

Misogynoir: the intersection of racism, anti-Blackness, and misogyny that Black women experience. Specific to Black womanhood and cannot be experienced by any other race. Misogyny: discrimination against women (cis, trans, or non-binary) and other assumed non-men based on an internalized hatred, fear, and/or dislike because they are not men

Oppression/Privilege: the result of a system of power when one person or group is privileged/preferred over another. The result of a system of power that gives special preference to a person or group of people. Based on the values given the labels/categories in society. Embedded within institutions. Patriarchy: the system of rules (social, political, ethical, etc.) within a society that maintain a system of disparity that favors men and oppresses women and non-binary genders Power: the ability to control others, events, or resources; to make happen what one wants to happen in spite of obstacles, resistance, or opposition. Power is a thing that is held, coveted, seized, taken away, lost, or stolen, and it is used in what are essentially adversarial relationships involving conflict between those with power and those without. Queer: umbrella term used to describe/identify a sexual orientation, gender identity, or gender expression that does not conform to heteronormative society. Previously used as a derogatory term toward gay white men; currently used by many queer Black feminists. Race: the socially constructed category of identity based on assumed difference, mostly associated with skin tone Racism: any attitude, action, or institutional structure which subordinates a person or group because of the color of their skin Reverse racism: most commonly refers to the idea of “Black people being racist toward white people,” and white people being discriminated against as a result. Because racism is rooted in institutional power to oppress, which Black people have never had over white people, reverse racism does not exist.

Social Justice: a process, not an outcome, which (1) sees fair (re)distribution of resources, opportunities, and responsibilities; (2) challenges the roots of oppression and injustice; (3) empowers all people to exercise self-determination and realize their full potential, and (4) builds social solidarity and community capacity for collaborative action. Theory of Intersectionality: theory that focuses on conceptualizing the relationship between systems of power that create our multiple identities (race, class, gender, sexuality, etc.) that establish our social positions in hierarchies of power and privilege. Inequality and oppression are the result of “systems of interlocking oppression.” Created by Black feminists, named by lawyer and professor Kimberlé Crenshaw. Third World Feminism: a faction of feminism that focuses on the oppression of women outside of the United States Transgender (trans): an umbrella term used to describe an individual who does not identify with the gender they were assigned at birth, binary ideas of gender, or gender conformity Transphobia: the hatred, fear, or dislike of trans, non-binary, and gender variant people or a fear of or dislike directed toward their perceived life, culture, or identity, whether or not any specific trans person has that characteristic Racialized misogyny toward Black trans women is called transmisogynoir. White supremacy: an historically based, institutionally perpetuated system of exploitation and oppression of continents, nations, and peoples of color by white peoples and nations of the European continent, for the purpose of maintaining and defending a system of wealth, power, and privilege. Everyone born and/or raised within, or influenced by, United States society has learned and internalized white supremacy in some way. Woman: label/category used to identify female humans, with assumption of having feminine characteristics and assumed roles based on concepts of gender Woman of Color (WoC): a term created by Black women as a call to solidarity; “a commitment to work in collaboration with other oppressed women (of color) who have been ‘minoritized’.” Used to identify women not from European descent; women who are identified by society as non-white women or who identify as non-white women in the US. Not interchangeable for “Black woman.” Womanism: a feminist term coined by Alice Walker. It was a reaction to her realization that feminism did not encompass the perspectives of Black women. It is a feminism that is stronger in color, nearly identical to Black feminism. “Womanist is to feminist as purple is to lavender.” – Alice Walker

Do wn 1. T e rm use d to de scribe an individual who ide ntifie s with the g e nde r the y we re assig ne d at birth (c isg e nde r) 2. T he syste m o f rule s within a so cie ty that maintain a syste m o f disparity that favo rs me n and o ppre sse s wo me n (patriarc hy) 3. Pe rpe tuatio n o f the assumptio n that e ve ryo ne in so cie ty is straig ht (he te ro se xual) (he te ro no rmativity) 4 . T he so cial co nstructe d cate g o ry o f ide ntity base d o n assume d diffe re nce , mo stly asso ciate d with skin to ne (rac e ) 7. T he re sult o f a syste m o f po we r whe n o ne pe rso n o r g ro up is pre fe rre d o ve r ano the r (privile g e ) 9 . T he philo so phical, po litical, and e thical po sitio n that pe o ple sho uld no t be discriminate d ag ainst be cause o f the ir g e nde r (fe minism)

Ac ro ss 5. T he pro pe rtie s disting uishing re pro ductive ro le s (se xuality) 6 . An umbre lla te rm use d to de scribe an individual who do e s no t ide ntify with the g e nde r the y we re assig ne d at birth (transg e nde r) 8. T e rm use d to de scribe ho w diffe re nt fo rms o f discriminatio n can inte ract and o ve rlap (inte rse c tio nality) 10. An e co no mic and po litical syste m in which a co untry's trade and industry are co ntro lle d by private o wne rs fo r pro fit (c apitalism) 11. A fo rm o f fe minism that e mphasiz e s wo me n's natural co ntributio n to so cie ty. A fe minism that is stro ng e r in co lo r. (wo manism) 12. D iscriminatio n ag ainst wo me n and o the r no n-me n base d o n an inte rnaliz e d hatre d, fe ar, and/o r dislike be cause the y're no t me n (miso g yny)

Sweet Tea

1 c

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s 3 h

4 r a

g e a 5 s e x u a l i t y

e t c r

6 t r a n s g e n d e r

7 p i

d r r a

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8 i n t e r s e c t i o n a l i t y

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a 9 f g

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10 c a p i t a l i s m

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11 w o m a n i s m n

t i

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12 m i s o g y n y

Created with TheTeac hers Co rner.net Cro s s wo rd Puz z le Generato r

Created with TheTeachersCorner.net Word Search Maker

Sweet Tea

BEAUTY BEYONCE BLACK FEMINISM

EDUCATION FASHION HEALTH

IDENTITY INTERSECTIONALITY MEDIA

MOTHERHOOD POLITICS POP CULTURE

RECIPES RELATIONSHIPS REPRESENTATION

SEXUALITY SWEET TEA WOMANISM

I C W O R E C I P E S A W Z I X N B E N

D F O F V I T O B H G H J S N U G J O A

E Z M M H N W C E O T A P O T H N A R S

N L A U C T O B F L E I E C D Z E A Z E

T O N O B E J G A J H C D P J I H G M X

I X I H U R V E A S O S U W W E O J N U

T G S I R S H R N I C Y C O R H B O M A

Y M M M K E W O D I H A A U K Q I N M L

F J F B L C I J T P A Y T L U T Y D O I

D L I K G T U I W O F L I I A F S H T T

K S O J A I L F Z X U W O T E U W F H Y

F D S L Z O F R C C N C N Q L L E A E Y

Q N E Z P N F P P Y T E S V N W E S R C

F R L I O A V O Y Q S J M P E T T H H R

H X A T U L P S F E W R K B Z R T I O J

I U W R M I Z B R S N G J C N Z E O O G

E V C Y A T O P B E A U T Y K G A N D N

C Q X Q T Y E K K F O N X M E D I A T V

W G C L K R B E Y O N C E Z F Q L I X V

C S B L A C K F E M I N I S M H L K G D