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Supplement Three-A3

A Helping Hand HUSR 108S- Introduction to Human Services

Helping People

Helping means assisting people to understand, overcome, or cope with problems. A helper is one who offers such assistance. As a human services professional, you'll have the chance to help people get organized and back on their feet after experiencing hardship. Human services occupations include jobs in the fields of social work, health care, psychiatry and other disciplines related to physical and mental health and well-being. Health care workers and psychiatrists work with individuals in need to ensure that they receive the proper mental and physical care for their situation.

1. Before the Middle Ages, people believed that mental illness was caused by evil spirits, and early

forms of treatment focused on ridding the body of these spirits.

2. Until the 1500s, the Catholic Church was chiefly responsible for providing human services, and it

was under the Church’s guidance that many institutions were founded for the poor, orphans, the

elderly, and the handicapped.

3. The decline of feudalism, the growth of commerce, and the beginning of industrialization made it

necessary to find new ways of assisting those in need.

4. Pressures caused by the increasing number of poor in the cities created the need for a large-scale

attack on poverty and prompted the passage of the Elizabethan Poor Law of 1601, critical legislation

that guided social welfare practices in England and the United States for the next 350 years.

5. In the early years, the colonists used the English system as a model for their philosophy toward

and services for the poor and needy. By the early 1800s, however, other philosophies prevailed, ones

that discouraged and limited the provision of human services.

6. Major reforms during the late 1800s concentrated on improving the treatment of institutionalized

mentally ill and children.

7. The Charity Organization Society, a forerunner of the Community Chest and the United Way, is an

example of society’s response to the needs of an expanding urban population.

8. A settlement house was a large house in a slum area that served as a community center,

sponsoring such activities as recreation; classes in English, cooking, and citizenship; vocational

training; and childcare.

9. President Franklin D. Roosevelt introduced the Social Security Act of 1935, which fundamentally

changed the federal government’s role in providing human services.

10. During the years John F. Kennedy served as president, he set the tone for increased emphasis

on the eradication of poverty in the United States, bringing hope to populations that had despaired of

changing their situations without assistance.

11. The emergence of human service training programs and the development of a human service

philosophy mirror the historical events and presidential leadership from the 1960s to the present.

12. In his 1965 State of the Union address, President Lyndon Johnson declared an ‘‘unconditional

war on poverty’’ and developed programs that attacked the roots of poverty in order to create a

‘‘Great Society.’’

13. The National Organization for Human Services and the Council for Standards in Human Service

Education have been instrumental in the development of the human service profession.

14. The election of Richard Nixon as president marked a change in the federal government’s

involvement in social reform with a decline in federal spending.

15. During the presidency of Ronald Reagan, commitment to human services passed from the federal

government to state and local governments, the private sector, and needy individuals themselves.

16. The first Bush administration supported the passage of the Americans with Disabilities Act, which

provided guidelines to reduce the discrimination of individuals with disabilities.

17. Bill Clinton reformed the welfare system by proposing a new law that emphasized training,

education, short-term support, and personal responsibility.

18. Welfare reform has decreased the number of families on the welfare rolls and increased the

number of the families who are employed.

19. The Medicare Prescription Drug Bill and the faith-based and community partnership efforts are

recent legislative changes to support those in need.

Responsibilities of Human Services Professional

The job of a human service worker is to assist individuals, families, communities, and organizations in overcoming obstacles and performing at their optimum level. Although the profession is multidisciplinary, each human service professional has certain common responsibilities. Whether you become a social work assistant or an outreach worker, there are some duties that remain common to any human service professional. Core responsibilities of human services professionals include:

 Assisting individuals, families, and communities in overcoming their problems and helping them improve their quality of life

 Counseling for mental, physical, and emotional problems  Organizing support groups to prevent different forms of abuse  Working individually or with organizations in providing mental and physical support to people who

are unable to care for themselves  Working with organizations, social groups, and rehabilitation facilities to make their services

accessible to the people in need  Conflict resolution  Providing educational, employment, and legal support to their clients  Assisting immigrants in settling down in a new place  Taking protective legal action as and when needed.

Values are important to the practice of human services, because they are the criteria by which

human service professionals and clients make choices.

Attending behavior is a way to let the client know that the helper is listening.

There are four dimensions of attending behavior: eye contact, attentive body language, vocal

qualities, and verbal tracking