Week 5 Project Illness

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Chronic Kidney Disease

March 9, 2021

NSG4055- Illness And Disease Management across a Lifespan

Professor Amber Mccall

Chronic kidney disease is mainly caused by diabetes and high blood pressure. Chronic kidney disease group is supported by a number of resources in Tampa, FL. These resources are categorized into community resources and national resources. The community and national resources that relate to this disease group are; resource guides for chronic kidney disease. Under this we have the national kidney foundation which is a health organization that aims at kidney disease prevention, supporting people having kidney disease, and transplantation organs increase and availing (Romagnani et al., 2017). There is also the American Association of Kidney that targets to help people and families affected by kidney disease how to deal with emotional, physical and the social effects of the disease. Another resource is Life Options Rehabilitation Program that is focused on helping people with kidney disease live long by offering encouragement and educational materials freely as well as emphasizing on the need to do exercise so as to stay active. Other resources are; kidney smart, dialysis finder, renal support network, transplant living, kidney disease information, dialysis facility, home dialysis central, ukidney and directory of resources.

It’s very costly to set up a dialysis center. It could cost $2 million to $3million to build a dialysis center. Those on dialysis have between 15% to 20% mortality rates after treatment for one year unlike persons who receive transplants that have 80% mortality rate after 5 years. Life expectancy is averagely 5-10 years for patients on dialysis according to the National Kidney Foundation. Patients who refuse to undergo dialysis ultimately die because of other causes and with some kidney functioning many die. It is the responsibility of the nurses to support and counsel them and help them relent their decision.

Transplant living states the benefits of dialysis, facts and the risks associated with it. Transplanted Kidney will not function forever, it is only made to lengthen the life time of a person that is having chronic kidney disease. Transplant of the kidney can help a person to live longer than expected. Kidney transplant is better than life-time dialysis. A living kidney donated can function between eight to twelve years whereas the donor kidney functions for twelve to twenty years.

Kidney disease information resource. It gives more information to the chronic kidney disease patients about the disease and how to manage their conditions. It states that kidney disease is caused by diabetes and high blood pressure. The condition occurs when the kidneys are damaged and are unable to filter blood as they should. The only treatments for kidney failure are transplant and dialysis. The first sign of kidney problem is urine output decrease. Retention of fluid which causes swelling of feet, legs and ankles. The other sign could be shortness of breath. In Tampa dialysis centres offer out-patient dialysis services and in-center hemodialysis. Other services that they offer include nutrition counselling for those that need guidance from kidney disorders expertise and dietitians. Hemodialysis costs more than $500 for patients that are not covered by the health insurance (Neuen et al., 2017).

The cost for the reimburse medicare dialysis by 2018 was $83.12 for adults. The medicare pays 80% of the facilities’ cost above the threshold. The limiting charge on medicare fee schedule charges more than the approved medicare amount although there is a limit called the limiting charge. The provider can only charge you not more than 15% over the amount paid to the participating participants. Rates for FMAP vary by state based criteria such as per capita income. The federal share is averagely 57% although it ranges from 50% to 75% in wealthier and lower per capita income states respectively.

Patients diagnosed with kidney disease may be eligible for social disability benefits. If one stays out of work for more than a year they may be eligible for help. Patients of chronic kidney disease with peritoneal dialysis or hemodialysis that is expected to last or has lasted for at least one year are eligible for the benefits of disability. People having chronic kidney disease with transplant of kidney are also eligible for disability benefits.

Transportation can be a factor affecting regular dialysis treatments especially for the old individuals. County offers transportation services for dialysis patients. There are specific care services for patients who are not able to access transportation for appointment of medication and this done at no charge. This is an alternative solution for medical transportation. In normal cases, coverage for medicare does not cover the transportation cost for appointment of medication except in the case where the recipient of the medicare in an emergency requires an ambulance to transport him or her.

The integration of these resources into the care plan is evident in the case where through the Life Options Rehabilitation program the persons with kidney disease are encouraged and given education materials. Another way in which these resources are integrated into the health care plan is through helping families and persons who are vulnerable to fight their physical and emotional effects. Renal support network, a non-profit organization is also integrated into the plan in that it works to benefit chronic disease individuals.

Populations vulnerable to chronic kidney disease are either advantaged or disadvantaged by seeking these resources. Some of the advantages of seeking these resources are: The patients acquire knowledge of kidney disease and how to manage their condition so as to live longer. The vulnerable populations gain an understanding that if the kidney is successfully transplanted, one can reduce the death risk and improve his or her life quality. The vulnerable populations understand the nutrition and diet practices they should embrace .These resources reduce the time taken to visit heath care facilities for dialysis. The disadvantages of these resources to the vulnerable population are; the vulnerable population are afraid in the understanding that transplant is the only option in the end-stage and that in case of transplant failure they are subject to death. Most of them get shocked and may die if there is no face to face counselling over the matter concerning their condition. Another disadvantage is three times a week travel to the dialysis centre may be required (Webster et al., 2017). At times patients may not be able to see the schedule of their treatment. In case of hemodialysis, there is a requirement of needles for fistula. The other disadvantage of these resources to the vulnerable population is that they require ample space for storage. Another disadvantage of having these resources is that one must schedule dialysis into his routine daily in the seven days of the week. Patients with failure of kidney and awaiting transplant get their blood connected to the machine, the disadvantage is that these machines are very expensive.

References

Webster, A. C., Nagler, E. V., Morton, R. L., & Masson, P. (2017). Chronic kidney disease. The lancet, 389(10075), 1238-1252.

Romagnani, P., Remuzzi, G., Glassock, R., Levin, A., Jager, K. J., Tonelli, M., ... & Anders, H. J. (2017). Chronic kidney disease. Nature reviews Disease primers, 3(1), 1-24.

Neuen, B. L., Chadban, S. J., Demaio, A. R., Johnson, D. W., & Perkovic, V. (2017). Chronic kidney disease and the global NCDs agenda.