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Administrative Theories

Different administrators interpret administration differently because of different social, cultural and geographical locations hence executing administrative duties in different manners. This provides adaptability as well as flexibility. one of the most effective theories of administration is the Friedrich theory. Friedrich theory was believed to have good and logical policies. Before being installed or put in place, the ministers need to get feedback from trusted experts on the ground to try to understand the effect of the policy, including the positive and negative part of it. Herman Fener’s theory defined the relationship between ministers and administrators comprehensively. Since the minister was voted in by people, he is there final voice where he creates all policies to be implemented in given directions and instructions, and their policies are not subject to change. These administrators are then expected to apply these policies to the best they can. Finer also goes on to define responsibility as obedience to explicit or certain directions as expected to your level best. He argued that officials should be held accountable for their actions and that punishment can be arranged in order to correct any anomalies (Waldo, 1976). The minister’s expert controls the actions of the ministers. This makes the administrators have the fear of doing a poor job. The fear of failure is used to motivate this administration, individuals. Finer believed that both the minister and administrators should be working for the needs of the people who elected them, and not their personal needs. He believed that ministers can supervise administrators without being troublesome, giving orderly instructions as to what needs to be done and to an extent of how it should be done. Ministers, in this case, are the final say of the people. Whatever policies they put should be executed to the letter. There is no need to change anything at all, rather, one should just implement the policies. All administrators are expected to be obedient to a given set of directions. In sports for the example, the quarterback is clear representations of the minister, as the leader who gives directions to be done his way. This makes the other players behind him to do as he does (Friedrich, 1968).

Carl J Friedrich’s theories were among the best America is built on in terms of responsibility and authority. Friedrich’s theory or concept or rather the idea of responsibility and accountability in political and personal as well as the political responsibility within the hierarchy of bureaucratic institutions or organizations. Friedrich focuses on administration. The administrator is a professional public servant who has been given or appointed for a certain position. A minister is a politician elected by people or committee and appointed in some cases to sit in a country’s cabinet. His view was that there is a reciprocal relationship between administration and politics. He believed this two relied on each other and will always do to deliver policies efficiently and adequately. Friedrich believed in the specialization that politicians are good in making policies and on the other hand administrators specialize in their jobs and hence can give feedback on what to be corrected or done differently or needs to be changed. A single minister cannot be knowledgeable in all fields; therefore, his advice cannot be sufficient to be relied upon. Hence consultations are needed from other players who are experienced in a given field. Policies that have been put in place are ultimately defined by how the appointed administrators interpret their meaning. Some may miss a given point and hence losing it all right there (Friedrich, 1968)

I agree that most people hitherto, view that public service as the highest and noblest calling. To begin with, it has many generous benefits. Positions in the public sector reasonably have good competitive salaries and good benefits as well. For example, one may receive different separate vacations and leave when sick, during holidays we also have federal payments, health insurance that is good when one falls sick and requires medical attention he or she will not use his money from the pocket the insurance from the government pays. Health is a worthwhile investment since one can be healthy today and tomorrow sick making it difficult to work so you continue being paid regardless of being in the hospital. And the opportunity to get the advantage of government pensions and beneficial retirement plan (Perry, 2007). Loan payment. There are positions that will help you pay loans that like the student's loans with ease. There also a better work-life balance since there are times one should at work and time to leave as well. This has flexible schedules. The work culture is also relaxed because they focus on service rather than profit. This makes no enormous pressure at workplace form the bosses. What is expected and to deliver service that is efficient. Since it’s a nonprofit organization, the government, and legal service organizations aren’t under pressure to meet high hour quotas there is personal fulfillment. One gets satisfied when working and your career allows you to meet your personal mission in life. Time is flexible one can be able to further education while still working since its simple to work and study at the same time (Wright, 2010).

I clearly support Friedrich’s theory as my choice as it relies on responsibility. There is democracy in hence it enables to get the government via political way and to effectively implement the decisions made by the process. The administrator has to combine forces and compare notes as well to analyses what and which policies worked, and which did not work. This enables change to be put where needed to have the policy at its best before implementation, enabling the minister to provide the best and most effective policy, ensuring the policies are going to work and has many benefits for his people at a bigger percentage. This way the policy has been improved and tested to the limit and whatever that can’t work in the policy eliminated. This shows that Friedrich considered the impact of the policy. This impact would have on his people and wanted the best for them. In this case, administrators would be held responsible if left to their own specializations. If the admin has self-interpretations can lead to poor and not good policies hence a relation between the two in key and important as the policies, it is self. Responsibility comes from within the self. Responsibility in this theory is not less important to democratic governance. This theory encourages or consists the nature of administrative responsibility which is reasoned communication. After a policy has been put in place it’s tested and where we have holes in it they are corrected. This enables the policy to put consideration of the peoples’ feeling altogether. This enables to get minimal resistance from the people who elected the minister and in some the administrator. People want to feel they are part of their government, not just having policies put in place to govern them (Perry, 2007)

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References

Friedrich, C. J. (1968). Constitutional government and democracy.

Friedrich, C. J., & Brzezinski, Z. K. (1965). Totalitarian dictatorship. Cambridge, MA: Harvard UP.

Waldo, D. (2017). The administrative state: A study of the political theory of American public administration. Routledge.

Perry, J. L., & Wise, L. R. (2007). The motivational bases of public service. Public administration review, 367-373.

Wright, B. E., & Grant, A. M. (2010). Unanswered questions about public service motivation: Designing research to address key issues of emergence and effects. Public administration review, 70(5), 691-700.