Review Chapters1-4

Study Sheet

Week 1/Week 2

- What is the criminal justice system?

- What agencies make up the criminal justice system?

- What are sequential tasks?

- What is Corrections?

- What are the two types of corrections?

- What is the most common sanction in corrections?

- What are the four purposes of corrections we discussed last week?

- What are some of the social and political factors that affect incarceration?

- What does Bruce Western mean by hard to reach populations?

- What does Bruce Western mean by contact insecurity?

- Know information on tables from slides 9, 10, 11.

- What were some of the key themes in prison state? (See slides 20 and 21).

- What are some of the similarities between Prison State and the short video on Louisiana?

- How are the wardens in Prison State and Can Louisiana Reduce it’s Population videos

similar?

- What state is referred to as the world’s prison capital? (See Can Louisiana Reduce Its

Prison Population?)

- What are some of the other factors that contribute to mass incarceration (See Vera

Institute Reading and slide 18).

Week 3

- What is Penology?

- What is the new penology?

- What are Penal Systems?

- What point to Rusche and Kircheimer make about punishment and economics? How is

the video and readings on private prisons related to that?

- What were penance and fines and poor laws?

- What are houses of correction?

- What was Galley Slavery?

- What was transportation?

- What was chattel slavery?

- What was the enlightenment?

- What were some of the punishment methods used prior to enlightenment?

- Who were the major players in criminology during the enlightenment? What were some

of the themes of classical criminology?

- Who was Cesare Lombroso?

- What were the two early penitentiary systems?

- What was the first true prison in the U.S.?

- What was the first well known prison to use the congregate system?

- Who was Zebulon Brockway?

- What happened at the Cincinnati Conference?

- Which penitentiary system did he receive training in?

- What was the Elmira Reformatory?

- Who was the father of American policing?

- What method of policing developed during the progressive era?

- What was progressivism?

- What were some of the Egregious acts that happened during the progressive era?

- What was the era of civil rights and community corrections known for?

- What was the demise of the rehabilitation and the get-tough era known for?

- What happened during the “Return of enlightened Corrections policy”?

- What is clemency? What is a pardon?

- What does Bruce Western mean by human frailty?

- What is Conviction?

- What is a Sentence?

- What is a presentence investigation? What function of probation officers does it serve?

- What is the presentence report? What kind of information is in it? What percentage of

probation officer workload does it make up? What percentage of time do judges follow

its recommendations?

- What are determinate sentences? How are they different from indeterminate sentences?

- What are sentencing guidelines?

- What is the Federal Sentencing Guidelines Act of 1984?

- What are sentencing commissions?

- What are the factors that influence the sentencing process?

- What are Community Protection, Practical Implications, and Blameworthiness? What are

some practical implications that influence sentencing?

- What does it mean to say that presentence investigations are used as risk assessment

instruments?

- What were the five sentencing theories?

- What were some of the contemporary movements in sentencing laws and policies?

Week 4

- What are jails? What are lockups? How are they different?

- How many jails are in the United States? How many police lock ups are in the United

States?

- What are the functions of jails? (see chapter 4)

- What is the makeup of jail populations? (see slide 7)

- Who administers jails?

- What are the two in custody programs we discussed? What is COMPAS? What is MPRI?

- What are an offender’s option before adjudication? What are judges options following

arraignment?

- What are life histories?

- According to Western, what are the three ways poverty is linked to violence?

- According to Western what were the main sites of violence?

***END OF EXAM I MATERIAL***