case study for organisation behaviour on trust at workplace

Identifying Issues of Stress in the Workplace

Individual Contribution Presented By: Kayla S. and Rayleen S.

Presented For: Dr. Mark Loo BUS 120 Organizational Behavior

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Table of Contents

• Objective

• Methodology (10 articles)

• Concurrence of Findings • 10 Findings

• Categories of Findings • 3 Categories

• Mental Health • Anxiety • Depression • Illness

• Workplace • Clients • Physical • , Shift

• Sleep • No Sleep • Restless Sleep • Excessive Sleep

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Author Article, Year Objective Sample Data Collection Method Findings

R1 Shepell & Mental Health Commission of Canada

Canadian employees report workplace stress as

primary cause of mental health concerns, 2018

To explain the impact of employees' daily experience on

mental health.

1575 people in total

in 2017

Survey of three

different groups

Large employer has the most mental health problems and a

medium employer has the least.

R2 Goetzel RZ, Anderson DR, Whitmer RW, Ozminkowski

RJ, Dunn RL, Wasserman J,

Health Enhancement Research

Organization (HERO) Research

Committee

The relationship between modifiable health risks

and health care expenditures: an analysis of the

multi-employer HERO health risk and cost

database, 1998

Accumulate evidence to suggest stress plays an important

role in several negative factors.

Study of relationship

between job stress and

a variety of ailments

Health care expenditures are 50% higher for workers who

report high levels of stress.

R3 Coffery L., Skipper J., Jung F.

Nurses and shift work: effects on job

performance and job-related stress, 2006

To examine the influence of day, afternoon, night and

rotating shift schedules on the job performance and job-

related stress of nurses.

Five hospitals

(n=463)

Surveyed using

questionnaire which

measured both job

performance and job-

related stress

Both nurses' job performance and their job related stress

were related to the type of shift they worked.

R4 Akerstedt T., Knutsson A., Westerholm PP., Theorell T.,

Alfredsson L., Kecklund G.

Sleep disturbances, work stress and work hours:

A cross-sectional study, 2002

The study examined the multivariate relationship between

disturbed sleep and different work-related and

background/lifestyle factors.

5720 healthy

employed men and

women

Factor analysis High work demands and physical effort at work are risk

indicators for disturbed or no sleep.

R5 Martino V. Relationship between work stress and workplace violence in the health sector, 2003

Explores the topical issues of stress and violence at work in

the health sector.

Literature analysis Negative stress activates a variety of physical and emotional

symptoms that can lead to serious illness if the situation persists.

R6 Johnson S., Cooper C., Cartwright S., Donald I.,

Taylor P., Millet C.

The experience of work-related stress across

occupations, 2005

To compare the experience of occupational stress across a

large and diverse set of occupations.

26 different

occupations

Measurement tool used

as a short term

evaluation

Six occupations are reporting worse than the average scores on each

of the factors-physical health, psychological well-being and job

satisfaction (Ambulance workers, teachers, social services, customer

services, police officers and prison officers.

R7 Firth-Cozens J., Greenhalgh J.

Doctors' perceptions of the links between stress

and lowered clinical care, 1997

Explore the doctors' views on stress and tiredness being

detrimental to the work performance.

Population of 225

hospital doctors and

general practitioners

Anonymous

questionnaire

50% lower standard care, 40% expression of irritability or

anger, 7% serious injury to patient, 2% patient death.

R8 Bowen P., Edwards P., Lingard H., Cattell K.

Workplace Stress, Stress Effects, and Coping

Mechanisms in the Construction Industry, 2014

Examine the work stress experienced by construction

professionals in a developing country.

Architects, civil

engineers, quantity

surveyors, and project

and construction

managers

Online survey Disturbances to usual sleep patterns, difficulty

concentrating and difficulty relaxing after hours.

R9 Maulik P. Workplace stress: A neglected aspect of mental health wellbeing, 2017

Gather evidence on how mental and physical health is

related and affects stress at work.

35 countries cross-sectional study Two third of employees who had suffered from mental and

physical health experienced stress in the workplace.

R10 University College London Brain activity intensity drives need for sleep, 2019

To understand what processes in the brain drive sleep

regulation.

Zebrafish Test analysis The zebrafish that were stress induced needed a greater

amount of sleep. 3

Author Article, Year Objective Sample Data Collection Method Findings

R11 Westman, M.

The impact of stress on the

individual, the dyad and the team,

2011

The impact of stress on the individual with high demand

jobs. Crossover research

Most crossover studies show evidence of psychological

strains such as anxiety, burnout, distress and depression.

R12 Johnson S., Cooper C., Cartwright S.,

Taylor P., Donald I., Millet C.

The experience of work-related

stress across occupations, 2005

To compare the experience of occupational stress across a

large and diverse set of

occupations.

26 different

occupations

Short stress evaluation

tool

Six occupations are reporting worse than average scores.The

high emotional labour

associated with the high stress jobs is discussed as a potential

causal factor.

R13 McEwen B. S.

Protective and damaging effects of

stress mediators: central role of the

brain, 2006

The effects of stress on the individuals brain and how to

respond to stress.

Study of the changes in

the brain caused by

stress A major impact of stress is lack of sleep and depression.

R14 Shepherd-Banigan, M., Bell, J., Basu, A.,

Booth-LaForce, C., Harris, J.

Workplace stress and working from

home influence depressive symptoms

among employed women with young

children, 2016

The impact of workplace attributes on changes in depressive

symptoms among working

women with young children. 570 women Examination

Women who worked from home reported a statistically

significant decrease in depression scores over time

R15

Papaefstathiou, E., Tsounis, A.,

Papaefstathiou, E., Malliarou, M.,

Sergentanis, T., Sarafis, P.

Impact of hospital educational

environment and occupational

stress on burnout among Greek

medical residents, 2019

The impact of hospital educational environment and

occupational stress on trainee doctors burnout 269 medical residents Cross-sectional study

Job stress was correlated independently and positively with

higher total burnout levels

R16

Sarafis, P., Rousaki, E., Tsounis, A.,

Malliarou, M., Lahana, L., Bamidis, P.,

Papastavrou, E.

The impact of occupational stress on

nurses’ caring behaviors and their

health related quality of life, 2016

To investigate and explore the correlation amidst

occupational stress, caring behaviors and their quality of life

in association to health. 246 nurses Correlational study

Occupational stress affects nurses’ health-related quality of

life negatively, while it can also be

considered as an influence on patient outcomes.

R17 Kinman, G., Jones, F.

Lay representations of workplace

stress: What do people really mean

when they say they are stressed, 2005 The meaning of occupational stress and its outcomes

45 individuals from a

range of occupations

Semi-structured

interviews

Work environments are becoming more stressful and a

highlighted amount of employees are experiencing stress-

related illnesses, depression and anxiety.

R18 Hasan, A. A., elsayed, S., Tumah, H.

Occupational stress, coping strategies,

and psychological‐related outcomes of

nurses working in psychiatric

hospitals, 2018

To assess workplace stress, and levels of depression among

psychiatric nurses.

70 nurses at a mental

health hospital

A descriptive

correlation design

The results revealed that psychiatric nurses had moderate

levels of work-related stress

and depression.

R19 Bowen, P., Edwards, P., Lingard, H.,

Cattell, K.

Predictive modeling of workplace

stress among construction

professionals, 2014

To explore the relationship between perceived stress at

work, workplace demands, job control, and workplace

support. 350 cases Online questionnaire

The results showed high levels of anxiety caused by the

physically demanding job.

R20 Soteriades, E. S., Psalta, L., Leka, S.,

Spandoudis, G.

Occupational stress and

musculoskeletal symptoms in

firefighters, 2019

To find associations between occupational stress and

musculoskeletal symptoms in firefighters. 430 firefighters Survey

Occupational stress constitutes a significant risk for

firefighters and is associated with higher prevalence of

musculoskeletal symptoms at work. 4

Mental Health Type of Workplace Sleep

Depression Anxiety Illness (cold or flu) Working with clients Physical labour Shift work No sleep Restless sleep Excess sleep

R1 X X

R2 X X

R3 X X X X X X X X

R4 X X X X X

R5 X X X X X X X

R6 X X X X X X

R7 X X X X X X X

R8 X X X X X

R9 X X X X

R10 X X

R11 X X X

R12 X X X X X

R13 X X X X

R14 X X X

R15 X X X X

R16 X X X X X

R17 X X X

R18 X X X X X

R19 X X X X

R20 X X X X X X X

Number of authors 16/20 15/20 10/20 11/20 6/20 12/20 11/20 6/20 4/20

Total (%) 80% 75% 50% 55% 30% 60% 55% 30% 20%

Mental Health

Anxiety Depression Illnesses

XXX Aaa ccc

Workplace

Clients Physical Labour Shift Work

XXX Aaa ccc

Sleep

No Sleep Restless Sleep Excessive Sleep

XXX Aaa ccc

Conclusion

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References Akerstedt T., Knutsson A., Westerholm PP., Theorell T., Alfredsson L., Kecklund G.. 2002. Sleep disturbances, work stress and work hours: A

cross-sectional study. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022399902003331

Bowen P., Edwards P., Lingard H., Cattell K.. 2014. Workplace Stress, Stress Effects, and Coping Mechanisms in the Construction Industry. Retrieved from

https://ascelibrary.org/doi/abs/10.1061/(ASCE)CO.1943-7862.0000807

Firth-Cozens J., Greenhalgh J.. 1997. Doctors' perceptions of the links between stress and lowered clinical care. Retrieved from

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277953696002274

Goetzel RZ, Anderson DR, Whitmer RW, Ozminkowski RJ, Dunn RL, Wasserman J, Health Enhancement Research Organization (HERO) Research

Committee. 2008. The relationship between modifiable health risks and health care expenditures: an analysis of the multi-employer HERO health risk and cost database. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/99-101/

Johnson S., Cooper C., Cartwright S., Donald I., Taylor P., Millet C.. 2005. The experience of work-related stress across occupations. Retrieved from

https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/02683940510579803/full/html

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References Linda C., James K, Fred D.. 2006. Nurses and shift work: effects on job performance and job-related stress. Retrieved

from https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1365-2648.1988.tb01414.x

Martino V.. 2003. Relationship between work stress and workplace violence in the health sector. Retrieved from

https://www.worktrauma.org/health/wv_management_victims.pdf

Maulik P.. 2017. Workplace stress: A neglected aspect of mental health wellbeing. Retrieved from

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5819024/

Shepell & Mental Health Commission of Canada. 2018. Canadian employees report workplace stress as primary cause of

mental health concerns. Retrieved from https://www.mentalhealthcommission.ca/English/news-article/13522/canadian-employees-report- workplace-stress-primary-cause-mental-health-concerns

University College London. 2019. Brain activity intensity drives need for sleep. Retrieved from

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/09/190916110556.htm

References

Bowen, P., Edwards, P., Lingard, H., & Cattell, K. (2014). Predictive Modeling of Workplace Stress among Construction Professionals. Retrieved from

https://doi-org.ezproxy.aec.talonline.ca/10.1061/(ASCE)CO.1943-7862.0000806

Hasan, A. A., elsayed, S., & Tumah, H. (2018). Occupational stress, coping strategies, and psychological‐related outcomes of nurses working in psychiatric

hospitals. Retrieved from

https://doi-org.ezproxy.aec.talonline.ca/10.1111/ppc.12262

Johnson S., Cooper C., Cartwright S., Taylor P., Donald I., & Millet C. (2005). The experience of work-related stress across occupations. Retrieved from

https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/2959/584728e50018e592fa62d063492ff45a8bd1.pdf

Kinman, G., & Jones, F. (2005). Lay representations of workplace stress: What do people really mean when they say they are stressed? Retrieved from

https://doi-org.ezproxy.aec.talonline.ca/10.1080/02678370500144831

McEwen B. S. (2006). Protective and damaging effects of stress mediators: central role of the brain. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3181832/

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References Continued Papaefstathiou, E., Tsounis, A., Papaefstathiou, E., Malliarou, M., Sergentanis, T., & Sarafis, P. (2019). Impact of hospital educational environment and occupational stress on burnout among Greek medical residents. Retrieved from

https://doi-org.ezproxy.aec.talonline.ca/10.1186/s13104-019-4326-9 Sarafis, P., Rousaki, E., Tsounis, A., Malliarou, M., Lahana, L., Bamidis, P., … Papastavrou, E. (2016). The impact of occupational stress on nurses’ caring behaviors and their health related quality of life. Retrieved from

https://doi-org.ezproxy.aec.talonline.ca/10.1186/s12912-016-0178-y

Shepherd-Banigan, M., Bell, J., Basu, A., Booth-LaForce, C., & Harris, J. (2016). Workplace Stress and Working from Home Influence Depressive Symptoms Among Employed Women with Young Children. Retrieved from

https://doi-org.ezproxy.aec.talonline.ca/10.1007/s12529-015-9482-2

Soteriades, E., Psalta, L., Leaka, S., & Spanoudis, G. (2019). Occupational stress and musculoskeletal symptoms in firefighters. Retrieved from

https://doi-org.ezproxy.aec.talonline.ca/10.13075/ijomeh.1896.01268

Westman, M. (2011). The impact of stress on the individual, the dyad and the team. Retrieved from

https://doi-org.ezproxy.aec.talonline.ca/10.1002/smi.1419

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