Psychology Psy assignment 1st

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SPSSWorksheetIndependentGroupsTemplate.docx

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PSYC 515

SPSS Worksheet: Independent Groups Template

Males	Females
12	15
14	12
9	11
11	10
10	13
12	14
7	17

Research Scenario #1 (Q1-6: 20 pts content / 9 pts format): Research is inconclusive as to whether spatial skills differ by one’s biological sex. According to some research, males have better spatial skills than do females; and according to other research, females have better reading skills than males. A student is interested in whether there are sex differences when completing a word-search puzzle (a puzzle in which words are hidden vertically, horizontally, and diagonally within an array of letters). Given this type of puzzle involves both spatial and reading skills, the researcher does not have a specific prediction. A sample of males and females volunteer to participate and are given 10 minutes to work on a 50-word puzzle. The number of words correctly recognized is recorded for each subject, and the resulting data are shown in the table.

1. In this scenario, what is the predictor (independent) variable? How many levels does it have? What are they? 3 pts	<answer here>
2. In this scenario, what is the dependent variable? How was it quantified? What is its scale of measurement (nominal, ordinal, or scale)? 3 pts	<answer here>
3. Create a SPSS data file (remember that the IV is your “grouping variable” and will be represented with numbers in SPSS and your DV will be data entered in a second column). Conduct an appropriate test to assess whether the groups differ. Make sure to include any tests for assumptions and output for confidence intervals and effect size. Copy / paste all relevant SPSS output in the space below. Make sure it is all legible (e.g., paste as images so you can resize them so they are all within the template and visible). 3 pts content / 3 pts format
<paste SPSS output here>
4. Do the results show homogeneity of variance? Provide relevant p value and explain how it is interpreted to determine whether a dataset has homogeneity of variance. 3 pts
<answer here>

5. Create an appropriate figure for this dataset. Number it as Figure 1, create an appropriate title and Note, and make sure it is formatted using APA conventions.

3 pts content / 3 pts format

6. Write the results using professional conventions, modeling the Sample Results section shown in Application 11.1 on p. 341 in your textbook. Make sure to include all required components (e.g., descriptive statistics, statistical notation with effect size, confidence interval). **remember we use the terms “statistically significant” or “non-significant”.

5 pts content / 3 pts format

Research Scenario #2 (Q7-12: 24 pts content / 10 pts format): A health psychologist wanted to examine whether walking could lower anxiety in college students. He randomly assigned participants to one of three groups – two groups were assigned to walk for 30 minutes per day, three days a week. Half were told to walk outside on the local trails (“Nature” group), the other half were told to walk on a treadmill at the local gym (gym membership was provided – “Gym” group). The third group was the control group – they were told to not begin any new exercise regimens while enrolled in the study (“Control”). Results are in the table below – higher numbers indicate greater levels of anxiety, with 3.0 indicating “average”. Data are shown in the table below.

Walking Location
Nature	Gym	None (control)
3	2	7
1	6	3
2	2	2
3	3	4
2	5	5
1	3	4
2	3	5

7. Use Scenario #2 to answer the following questions (1 pt x 3 = 3 pts):
a. What is the Independent Variable (“Factor”) in this scenario?	<answer here>
b. How many levels and what are they?	<answer here>
c. Is this scenario a between subjects or within subjects design?	<answer here>
8. Is this a correlational design, quasi-experimental study, or true experimental design? How do you know? (3 pts)
<answer here>

9. Conduct an appropriate test for this dataset. Make sure to include homogeneity of variance, effect size, and if appropriate, post hoc analyses. Copy / paste all relevant SPSS output in the space below. Make sure it is all legible (e.g., paste as images so you can resize them so they are all within the template and visible). 3 pts content / 3 pts format

10. If results were significant for this particular dataset, which post hoc analysis would be most appropriate to use in this specific scenario and why? (3 pts)

11. Create an appropriate Figure and present it using APA conventions (e.g., Figure #, Title, Note). 3 pts content / 3 pts format

12. Write the results using professional conventions, modeling the Sample Results section shown in Application 11.2 on p. 360 in your textbook. Make sure to include all required components (e.g., descriptive statistics, statistical notation with effect size, confidence interval). **remember we use the terms “statistically significant” or “non-significant”.

5 pts content / 3 pts format

13. Consider the practical (clinical) significance of these results. Discuss what this means as it specially relates to this scenario. Note– a generic definition will result in no credit – this is an application question. (2 pts content / 1 pt format)

14. Describe one way you could maximize the power of exercising in this study. (note this is an application question – you cannot give generic suggestions to improve power in general – but how you can using this specific scenario) (2 pts content / 1 pt format)

Research Scenario #3: Suppose children who are encouraged to gesture while generating creative ways to use objects generate significantly more novel uses for objects than those who are not encouraged to gesture. (6 pts content / 2 pts format)

15. Design a correlational study to study the same variables. What are your two variables and what about your design makes it clearly correlational (as opposed to quasi-experimental or experimental)? (3 pts content / 1 pt format)

16. Name one step you could take to ensure the reliability and/or validity of the DV in this scenario. 3 pts content / 1 pt format

(<answer here>