Group Reflection Essay
Barca nep
SpeechPresentation1.docx
Introduction
Group presentation of speech
1. Video of 30 sec
2. Do you know any endangered animals?
3. Today we are going to talk about endangered animals from Nepal, According to IUCN red list there are around 80 species which are in the condition of endangered that include One Horned Rhinoceros, Bengal Tiger, Snow Leopard and Red Panda.
4. These are the animals which are getting endangered in Nepal and we are researching in these animals since past two weeks.
5. Today we are going over Where the animals are found, reason behind declining in the population of animals, and what are the conservation programme.
First I am going to talk about Red Panda.
Red panda
Where can we find
· The Red Panda is mainly found in tempe
rate forests in the Himalayas (2,200m-4,800m) altitude inhabiting areas of moderate temperature (10 c°-250c°). Especially, The Red Panda ranges from in the foothills of Nepal, in the west to China in the east or southern china (Sichuan and Yunnan). The fame and popularity of the Red Panda has grown from its unique appearance and from the fact that the press in several countries has devoted much attention to the fate of pandas in various Zoos in the world. Red Panda Himalayan Adventure Pvt.Ltd. is one of the trekking, tours and travels company. However, its main concern is to preserve, promote and develop Red Panda as well as tourism. We decided to conduct awareness program for Red Panda as well as tourism. We think that, trekking, tours and travels are the best way to conduct awareness program all over the world to save it from being verge of extension. According to Summer Diet and Distribution of the Red Panda (Ailurus fulgens fulgens) in Dhorpatan Hunting Reserve, Nepal, their survey estimated the numbers of red pandas in 1990 were almost 10000. However, in 2010,2011, they found the total numbers of red pandas in Nepal were only 342 recorded.
· According to the NATIONAL SURVEY OF RED PANDAS IN NEPAL, the global red panda population has declined by 50% over the last 20 years and there may be as few as 2,500 remaining in the wild.
Reasons
Ø Habitat loss is the #1 threat. Rapid human population growth in the Eastern Himalayas is causing deforestation and the degradation and fragmentation of red panda habitat. Habitat is being fragmented by development projects including roads, hydro-projects, electric transmission lines, and mining, as well as settlement and agricultural conversions, and anthropogenic forest fires.
Ø Livestock Herding #threat2. Livestock Herding is a major driver of red panda habitat destruction. Herders cut down trees to maintain sheds and collect fuelwood from the forest. Unsustainable herding practices degrade habitat quality as livestock graze in the forest and eat and trample bamboo and other red panda food species. An increasing trend toward dairies in red panda range has fueled the demand for fodder (bamboo) and firewood.
Ø Free-roaming Dogs and Disease #threat 3.Free-roaming dogs and disease are major contributors to red panda mortality. Herders in red panda range have dogs that protect their livestock from potential predators. They also kill red pandas. Seven species of gastrointestinal parasites have been reported in red pandas. The canine distemper virus–often present in non-vaccinated dogs–is highly infectious and always fatal to red pandas.
How they are trying to save
Ø According to the WWF (world wide fund) its partners is currently underway in the Sacred Himalayan Landscape, which encompasses more than two-thirds of Nepal’s remaining red panda habitat. For WWF and the government of Nepal, red panda conservation is a priority.
Protecting the endangered species includes:
1. Conducting in-depth field studies on red panda ecology, behavior, habitat and distribution range to improve effective conservation
2. Identifying potential red panda habitats suitable for protection
3. Developing a broad-based awareness program on red pandas to make local communities more aware about the importance of the species within the mountain ecosystem
One Horned Rhino
In Nepal, the rhino population was estimated at ca. 1,000 in the Chitwan valley until 1950.
As many as 25 one-horned rhinos have died in Chitwan National Park in Nepal in the last one year.
The Nepal's Ministry of Forests and Soil Conservation took a decision to transfer 30 rhinos from CNP to two national parks which aim to prevent possible epidemic dangers and increase the population of healthy rhinos.
Why they are endangered
Grassland is being invaded by weeds and other unwanted plants that are not suitable for rhinos.
Poaching is the main threat to the survival of rhino which is illegally killed for its horn and other body parts. Rhino horns are believed to have aphrodisiac qualities and are sold for a high price in China and other Southeast Asian countries.
Snow Leopard:
Scientific Name: Panthera Unicia: it is found only in the mountain of central Asia and Himalayas, from between 3000 to 5000 meter from sea level. Inhabiting area of temperature range 7 degree celsius to -25 degree celsius. In nepal snow leopard are distributed along in northern frontier of the district Mustang, Mugu, Dolpa, and Humla feature prominently for snow leopard population.
According to World Wide fund there are around 4500-7500 snow leopard in the wild among them 350-500 snow leopard are in Nepal.
According to International Union for Conservation of Nature the threats are:
1. Residential and commercial development: Housing and urbanization , tourism and recreation areas.
2. Agricultural and Aquaculture: Livestock farming and ranching, Use of different pesticides.
3. Biological resource use: Hunting, and trapping terrestrial animals.
4. Human intrusion and disturbance: War, Military Exercises
Based on sighting, reports and oral history snow leopard presence has been suggested in 8 mountain protection area , Annapurna Conservation Area, Shey Phoksundo national park, Kanchenjunga conservation area, Manaslu Conservation Area, Makalu Barun National park, Dhorpatan Hunting reserve, Sagarmatha National Park and Langtang National Park.
Bengal Tiger
The Bengal tiger is a panthera tigris. According to WWF Bengal tiger is Found primarily in India with smaller populations in Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan, China and Myanmar. Tiger is found only mangrove swamps, Evergreen forest,Tropical rainforest.Its weight is about 220-660 pounds, length 6-10 feets. According to National Geographic the scientists estimate there are now 235 wild bengal tigers in Nepal. For a long time the number of tigers in Nepal was decreasing at an alarming rate. According to a survey conducted by the World Wildlife Fund, the number of tigers in the Sukla Phanta Wildlife Reserve in Nepal fell by about 30% between 2005 and 2008. The decline was such that there were only an estimated six tigers in the reserve in 2009.
· Reason why bengal tigers are endangered
According to world wildlife(WWF)Habitat loss is the main reason because exploding human population, particularly since the 1940s, have resulted in major loss of tiger habitat. Habitat are further fragmented because of agriculture and the clearing of forest for developments like road networks. This forces tigers into small and scattered habitat patches
According to animal wised.com, Illegal wildlife trades,all tigers are endangered in fact the Bengal tiger is the most numerous of all tiger subspecies. Bengal tigers are hunted illegally because their skin and some body parts are considered useful for traditional asian medicine.
According to the WWF, Conflict with human is also one of the reason to decrease tiger. As tigers continue to lose their habitat and prey species, they are increasingly coming into conflict with humans as they attack domestic animals, and sometimes people. In retaliation, tigers are often killed by angry villagers.
· What are the program conducted to save them
As part of a concerted effort to boost the tiger population, The Nepalese government and the WWF provide training and resources to park rangers, encourage local community engagement, protect tiger habitats and combat illegal poaching. Government are saving the bengal tigers by the following ways:
1. Protect tigers and their habitat.
2. Build capacity in range states.
3. Reduce human-tiger conflict.
4. Conduct scientific research on tigers to help inform conservation strategies.
5. Promote tiger-friendly policies.
6. Monitor tiger numbers, population trends, and threats to tigers and their habitats.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, today we informed about the four endangered animals of Nepal which includes Red Panda, One Horn Rhinoceros, Snow Leopard and Bengal Tiger their habitat, reason behind the declining of the population and what effort are doing to protect them.
