film review for recently movie
Will_Wu97
Sound.pptxSound
Film Art, Chapter 7: Sound in the Cinema
1
Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved.
No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
Fundamentals of Film Sound
Film sound can include any mixture of speech, music, and noise.
Filmmakers make decisions about the types of sounds to use as well as perceptual properties (properties of sound that humans can perceive). These include:
Loudness
Pitch
Timbre
2
Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved.
No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
2
Loudness
Another word for loudness is volume.
Filmmakers manipulate volume constantly. Consider how volume is manipulated in a scene involving a busy street.
The filmmaker manipulates the street sounds in Lost in Translation.
The filmmaker manipulates the sound to show harsh working conditions in Norma Rae.
The filmmaker of 127 Hours uses volume to cue distance.
3
Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved.
No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
3
Pitch
Pitch is the perceived highness or lowness of sound.
Pitch helps our ear sort out sounds in a film.
Low-pitched sounds suggest rumbling.
High-pitched sounds suggest tinkling.
Pitch can help us distinguish music and speech from background noise.
Ambient noise is another way to describe background noise.
4
Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved.
No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
Recording Dialogue
Dialogue is usually recorded during filming, but that isn’t the version we will hear in the finished film.
The dialogue in the film has been dubbed, or “looped,” later in a recording studio.
In a process called automated dialogue recording (ADR), actors repeat their lines while watching the footage in “looped playback.” The dialogue recorded during shooting guides the ADR process.
5
Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved.
No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
Editing Dialogue
Filmmakers work with their sound editors to determine when to edit the dialogue so it overlaps.
Some filmmakers are known for their dialogue editing, including Robert Altman.
6
Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved.
No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
Music in Film
Musicals
Film scores
Film soundtracks
Films about musicians
7
Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved.
No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
Musicals
In musicals, the songs help to tell the story. The characters sing the songs as the story progresses. Oftentimes, the songs allow the characters opportunities to grow or process story events.
Recent animated film such as Frozen (2013) includes songs that show characters processing their emotions.
Songs in musicals can also teach viewers a lesson. Mary Poppins (1964) Spoonful of Sugar is a good example of this. Annie’s (1982) Hard Knock Life is another good example.
Songs in musicals can also move the story from reality into fantasy. The Chalk Drawing scene in Mary Poppins exemplifies this.
Grease (1978) incorporates songs that help the viewer learn more about the characters and build suspense.
8
Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved.
No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
Film Scores
Film scores help to tell the screen story.
Scores should be invisible. We don’t notice them, but they contribute to the story’s tone and pacing. There is a reason film scores are also called background music. They are not meant to take center stage.
BUT the most famous composers break rules so the music highlights the story elements.
Amadeus (1984) does an excellent job showing the genius of composers.
9
Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved.
No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
Famous Film Scores
The score for Jaws builds suspense.
The score for Star Wars generates excitement.
The score for Superman adds a theatrical element.
John Williams is one of the most famous film composers.
10
Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved.
No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
Film Soundtracks
Soundtracks are a compilation of songs that the music supervisor chooses for the film.
The soundtrack for The Secret Life of Walter Mitty includes songs by, David Bowie, Of Monsters and Men, and John Lennon.
The soundtrack for Mr. Nobody includes songs such as “Everyday,” “Mister Sandman,” “99 Luftballoons,” and “Sweet Dreams (Are Made of This).”
Soundtracks may provide background music in some cases, but the songs are not invisible. They become an integral part of the film.
11
Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved.
No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
Films About Musicians
In films about musicians, the creation of music is central to the story.
Once (2007) is an Irish film about two street musicians who grow together as they create music.
August Rush (2007) is an American/Irish film that tells the story of a family who is separated but music brings them together.
Rudderless (2014) is the story of a father’s journey toward recovery playing his son’s songs on the road.
12
Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved.
No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
Dimensions of Film Sound
Rhythm involves a beat, or pulse; a tempo, or pace; and a pattern of accents, or stronger and weaker beats.
Fidelity refers to the extent to which the sound is faithful to the source as we conceive it.
Space refers to where the sound comes from. Sound has a spatial dimension because it comes from a source: either a source from within the world of the story or outside the world of the story. Our beliefs about that source have a powerful effect on how we understand the sound.
13
Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved.
No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
