answer two of the three questions listed below in an essay format.

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Sociology of Work Sept 21/20 Chapter 2

1) Change in the 20th and 21st Centuries

2) Postindustrialism and Globalization

3) Rethinking Industrialization

4) Neo-Liberalism and the State

5) Contemporary Theories and Trends

Outline – Chapter 2

Work in the 21st Century

• Bangladesh Garment Factory Fire Leaves 112 Dead • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yi2fv0KKLzE • When did the fire occur? • What safety measures were in place? • How many people died? • How many factor deaths has there been in Bangladesh in the last 5

years? • What companies were the clothes produced for?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yi2fv0KKLzE

Change in the 20th and 21st Centuries

§ The rise of large corporations and joint stock companies – § Who has control over the labour

process?

§ The “managerial revolution” § What role do managers play in capitalist

production? § Do managers look beyond profits when

making decisions?

2) Postindustrialism and Globalization

Postindustrialism

§ Knowledge and services over goods

§ White-collar versus blue-collar workers

§ Creative economies and the creative class

§ Industrial restructuring § Deindustrialization § Paralleled by rise of precarious

work

Postindustrlal

§ Knowledge workers

§ Knowledge and services over goods

§ White-collar versus blue-collar workers

§ Creative economies and the creative class

§ Industrial restructuring § Deindustrialization § Paralleled by rise of precarious

work

Creative economies • Super-creative core • Creative professionals • Transforming organizations

• What about those left out o the elites grop?

Globalization § Economic Change

§ International division of labour § Hypermobility of capital—“footloose capitalism”

§ Technological Change § Time–space compression (e.g., web, e-mail, air

travel) § Political Change

§ Neo-liberalism—free trade, global institutions (e.g., WTO)

§ Cultural § McWorld, universal culture, decline of local

difference

3) Rethinking Industrialization

“Logic of Industrialism” Thesis § Suggest "convergence" in national outcomes § BUT contemporary change challenges idea of one "logic"

and uniform outcomes (e.g., urbanization, technological change)

§ Recognizes social, cultural, historical, and political context in which nations industrialize § e.g., Colonial legacies of many countries—

Canada § e.g., “Asian Tigers” (Singapore, Hong Kong,

Taiwan, Korea) § e.g., “Capitalism” in communist China § e.g., India’s booming high-tech economy

Theories of Postindustrial Society I

§ Service-sector jobs will replace manufacturing.

§ Demand for more highly educated workers

§ Knowledge = power in the postindustrial economy.

§ Knowledge is difficult to hoard, so expect less social inequality and reduced conflict in the future.

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Daniel Bell (1973) The Coming of Post- Industrial Society

Theories of Postindustrial Society II Robert Reich (2000) The Work of Nations

§ Service-sector jobs dominant—BUT diverse § “Symbolic analysts” (information workers) more

powerful than “routine production workers”

§ Industrial restructuring, "sunset industries," job loss § "Flexibility" new norm § Globally networked economy—flows of

information, people, capital, and goods § Growing inequality between rich and poor

within, and between, countries

Theories of Postindustrial Society III

§ Creativity, NOT knowledge, key to economic growth

§ “Creative class” (e.g., scientists, engineers, artists, educators)

§ Communities (and countries) with more creative people and more diverse populations will be economically successful.

§ “Three Ts”: technology, talent, and tolerance

Richard Florida (2002) The Rise of the Creative Class

Table 2.1 Social and Economic Indicators for Selected Countries

4) Neo-liberalism and the State

Russia, China, India § Looking beyond economic markets

§ What roles do a society’s culture, norms, customs, social networks, state policies, and work organizations play in “transitional economies”?

§ The role of the state in China and India § Large populations § State planning § High annual GDP growth

§ Russia and its uneven path § Mixture of organized crime, communism, and capitalism § High social inequality, oligarchy, corruption still present § A case against market transition theory?

5) Contemporary Theories and Trends

Michel Foucault

§ Views on power as diffused § Power operates through

discourse and knowledge. § Power is NOT a resource

wielded by individuals. § Surveillance and self-discipline

§ Why is the Panopticon a helpful metaphor?

§ How can we apply Foucault’s ideas to contemporary organizations? § Teamwork, peer surveillance,

and self-discipline

Pierre Bourdieu§ How does power operate in society? § Field: structured social relationships;

struggles for position and resources § Habitus: “the dispositions, lifestyles, and

values of social groups that are acquired as part of belonging to that collectivity” (pp. 48-49 of text)

§ Capital: § How can we differentiate between

different types of capital (e.g., economic, social, cultural, symbolic)?

§ Cultural capital of immigrants and job outcomes

Ulrich Beck§ The Risk Society (1992) § Shift toward flexible labour markets; part-

time, temporary jobs; less pay; less security

§ Reflexivity and individualization § More varied paths through life course § Global competition for work § Heightened skill/credential

requirements § Erosion of social safety nets

§ The “individualization” of risk

Interactive Service and Emotion Work

§ Emotional labour § Managing emotions at work § “Feeling rules” § “Surface acting” versus “deep acting” § Emotional dissonance: self-estrangement at work? § “Emotional proletariat” or “privileged emotional managers”?

§ What role do customers play in controlling worker behaviour? § Moving beyond employer–employee dyad to a “triangle of

power”?

Mobile Workers and Mobile Work

§ Mobile bodies: flows of people between countries § e.g., transnational caregivers, temporary

foreign workers (TFWs) § Flows of people within countries

§ Growing “employment-related mobility” within Canada

§ e.g., Alberta’s oil sands § Mobility and employment insurance for workers § What has been the impact of mobile

technologies? § e.g., telecommuting, hot-desk, virtual teams

Summary of Key Ideas and Concepts § Managerial revolution § Postindustrialism § Deindustrialization § Industrial restructuring § Globalization

§ Economic, technological, political, cultural

§ Logic of industrialism thesis § The creative class § Michel Foucault

§ Power § Panopticon

§ Pierre Bourdieu § Field, habitus § Forms of capital

§ Ulrich Beck § Reflexivity and

individualization § Interactive service work § Emotional labour § Employment-related mobility