connections between what you observed in the PSID
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We could name this course a soc of families, rather than sociology of family, to reflect the widespread diversity of family forms, experiences, outcomes, etc.
I’ll explain why I don’t shortly, but it isn’t because I don’t agree that families are extraordinarily varied. I do. We mustn’t speak of the American family, or the black family, or the immigrant family, but of families of all kinds of these stripes. What do you think of, when you think of family? What is family to you? Related kin? Unrelated kin? Friends? Non‐humans (pets)? People you live with? People you don’t live with?
Love? Happiness? Pain? Danger? Benefits? Disadvantages?
Lecture 1 What is Family 9/29/2015
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Defining family (Or Families)—why?What to be wary of: We have to have some common point from which to start our investigations
We see that particular social groupings, based on intimate coupling and reproduction are universal and thus must play a key role in human society.
Strict definitions of family may limit our understanding of FAMILY as an evolving structure, one that may be formed in multiple ways. Family varies both within our society, but also may look very different and follow different patterns elsewhere. There is much variety throughout the world. How one defines family plays a role in our debate over the decline of family (Cherlin)
We may see ‘family decline’ if the family forms we are observing diverge from those we are used to seeing, or are used to counting.
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9/29/2015Lecture 1 What is Family
When it counts families it counts those related as above. When it counts households, family households are those containing family members according to the above definition.
http://www.census.gov/apsd/techdoc/cps/cpsmar10.pdf
Household: is all people residing together in a housing unit (excluding those living in group quarters: military members living in barracks, those in rooming houses‐fraternities, or institutionalized patients)
Family household: is a housing unit maintained by a family (may include some unrelated persons).
**** Such definitions may not include as family or as family households, groupings that we consider as family! Sorority ‘sisters’ Army comrades Cohabiting couples!
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9/29/2015Lecture 1 What is Family
Those in bold may in fact not be family households, if they do not adhere to family definition. One other related member must be living with them.
Source: Vespa, Jonathan, Lewis, Jamie M. and Rose M. Kreider, 2013, America’s Families and Living Arrangements: 2012, Current Population Reports, P20‐570, U.S. Census Bureau, Washington, DC. https://www.census.gov/prod/2013pubs/p20‐ 570.pdf
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9/29/2015Lecture 1 What is Family
What we see here is that the percentage of family households have declined out of all households, the percentage of married couple households have declined, and we’ve seen a grown in household types that are not ‘technically’ family households (they contain one person). This suggests changing residential patterns, it might say something about marriage, and it might suggest that we may need to think about how we define family. (Maybe those one person households include pets—maybe that is a household configuration we need to include in our family definition?)
Source: Vespa, Jonathan, Lewis, Jamie M. and Rose M. Kreider, 2013, America’s Families and Living Arrangements: 2012, Current Population Reports, P20‐570, U.S. Census Bureau, Washington, DC. https://www.census.gov/prod/2013pubs/p20‐ 570.pdf
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A public family is defined by Cherlin as One adult, or two adults who are related by marriage, partnership, or shared parenthood who is/are taking care of dependents, and the dependents themselves.
A private family is defined by Cherlin as Two or more individuals who maintain an intimate relationship that they expect will last indefinitely‐‐or in case of a parent and child until the child reaches adulthood‐‐and who usually live in same household and pool their incomes and household labor.
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Private family is how we generally think about families‐‐‐in modern societies, families tend to have a private character. Families are a support system, offering intimacy, emotional support, and protection from the big, bad world. Lasch 1977 Havens in a heartless world
A good is a commodity that enriches us (in this case, privately)
“Two or more individuals who maintain an intimate relationship that they expect will last indefinitely‐‐or in case of a parent and child until the child reaches adulthood‐‐and who usually live in same household and pool their incomes and household labor.“ (Cherlin chap. 1)
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9/29/2015Lecture 1 What is Family
public good/collective good: a commodity/service which when supplied to one person is available to all, for public consumption.
Ex. defense, public parks, urban clean air
“One adult, or two adults who are related by marriage, partnership, or shared parenthood who is/are taking care of dependents, and the dependents themselves.” (Cherlin chap. 1)
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9/29/2015Lecture 1 What is Family
Do you notice the operative word in the definition of a public family? It is dependents.
Usually in families, dependents are children. Why should children be so important to our definition of public family?
(Near Ar Rutba, Iraq (Apr. 12, 2003) ‐‐ A group of Iraqi children pose for a photo while their parents receive humanitarian daily rations (HDR's) and water in the town of Ar Rutba)
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WHY ARE DEPENDENTS IMPORTANT?
Ex. Cohabiting couple not part of this, nor childless married couple; they must have dependents.
Why? Dependents are those individuals who will provide the public goods we need as a society. If no dependents, little to no enduring public benefit
We all benefit from families with children!
No man is an island, entire of itself every man is a piece of the continent, a part of the main
if a clod be washed away by the sea, Europe is the less, as well as if a promontory were,
as well as if a manor of thy friends or of thine own were any man's death diminishes me, because I am involved in mankind
and therefore never send to know for whom the bell tolls it tolls for thee.
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John Donne (English poet 1572‐1631)
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Some things represented by private and public family do not seem like ‘goods’ Private family Border ambiguity: Who is or is not family? How to ensure that those people who nurture us are considered family; how to escape those who do not, but are related kin. Some families do not offer security, safety, nurturance, but instead represent insecurity, danger, negligence
Some not so good things about Public family Free‐rider issues: Who benefits from family, who contributes to the well‐being of families? How to make sure that the public contributes to family, say to children, instead of just reaping the benefits that those children provide or will provide (think about school levies and how some without young children may not wish to contribute anymore to their educations. The commodity represented by children’s contributions to society benefits everyone
Lecture 1 What is Family 9/29/2015
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Citations Vespa, Jonathan, Lewis, Jamie M. and Rose M. Kreider, 2013, America’s Families and Living Arrangements: 2012, Current Population Reports, P20‐570, U.S. Census Bureau, Washington, DC. https://www.census.gov/prod/2013pubs/p20‐570.pdf
Photo attributions in order of appearance: Oh noes! another kitteh by Heather licensed under CC BY 2.0 "Barack Obama family portrait 2011" by Pete Souza in the Public Domain via Commons – Roommates By Tulane Public Relations, Uploaded by Albert Herring CC BY 2.0 My Grandparents…” by Kolin Toney licensed under CC BY‐SA 2.0 A group of Iraqi Children by U.S. Navy photo [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons
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