FINAL ASSESS MENT - ENGLISH 100

Adapted from: ACADEMIC RESOURCES CENTER, Saint Joseph College, Revised 2001

It is necessary not only to cite all sources for research papers, but also to make it clear from where and whom the information came. Signal phrases introduce authors and sources for quoted, paraphrased, or summarized information. Therefore, they should be used throughout research papers.

1st 2nd and subsequent mentions: call the author by his/her last name and do not mention the source

unless it is a new source by the same author. Example structures to use:

1. . 2. 3. 4. word) main idea.

Some V e r bs to Use in Signal Ph r ases

Acknowledges Defines Points out Adds Delineates Posits Admits Denies Presents Advances Discloses Proposes Affirms Discounts Purports Agrees Disputes Reasons Alludes Documents Recounts Argues Explains Reflects Asserts Expresses Refutes Attests Extrapolates Reiterates Characterizes Grants Relates Chronicles Highlights Remarks Claims Hypothesizes Replies Comments Illustrates Reports Compares Implies Responds Concludes Indicates Reveals Concurs Insists States Confirms Maintains Submits Contends Narrates Suggests Contrasts Negates Supports Creates Notes Theorizes Declares Observes Writes Emphasizes Refers Verifies

SIGNAL   PHRASES