Check grammar for psychology essay

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Running Head: PSYCHOLOGY 1

PSYCHOLOGY 3

Psychology Questions

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Question #1

Scientific research is very crucial in the field of psychology since it allows psychologists to use empirical evidence to elaborate on theories and hypothesis relevant to problems like psychological disorders, learning and memory, family instability, homelessness, violence and aggressive behaviors (Mertens, 2014). Most of the research is directly correlated to people’s behavior and how diverse situations affect them. Therefore, without scientific research in the field of psychology most of the theories and hypothesis would only be based on intuition, blink luck, and popular opinions (Mertens, 2014). Empirical evidence is important in obtaining psychological research as it enhances collection of ideas, facts and evidences which are later tested through formation of hypothesis (Mertens, 2014). Through the testing of hypothesis, different conclusions are arrived at, which facilitate formation of different theories supported by evidence. Therefore, scientific research is very important as it enhances collection of credible data, formation of hypothesis and later creation of theories which are used to define different human behaviors under diverse situations.

Question # 2

Recent research established that people who consume cereals on a regular basis often achieve healthier weights compared to the people who rarely consume cereal. People with healthy weights tend to consumer healthier breakfasts more regularly compared to people who are either obese or those striving to avoid meals in an attempt to lose weight. Cereal companies however, present information that there is a correlation between eating cereals and weight, resulting in the belief that consuming more cereals results in addition of only healthy weight. They make such claims so as to sell more products; therefore healthy people tend to buy more of the cereal products, benefiting the companies. Nonetheless, to counter this argument, cereals are full of sugars which are not recommended for healthy living. In addition, they fall short of proteins which are needed for maintenance of healthy diets. It is, therefore, imperative for one to understand that this is just a marketing strategy that is being used by the companies in order to remain relevant in the industry.

Question # 3

The Little Albert Experiment

In 1920, John B. Watson conducted a study on classical conditioning at Johns Hopkins University. Classical conditioning is a psychological phenomenon that involves pairing a conditioned stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus in order to produce similar results (Olson, 2015). Classical conditioning often creates a response in either an animals or a person, towards a sound or object that was initially neutral. John B. Watson conducted a similar classical conditioning test on a 9-month old baby called Albert B. The young boy started the experiment loving animals especially white rats. Watson, however, started pairing the animals, especially the white rat, with the sound of a hammer hitting metal. In turn, Albert developed fear for all animals, and sadly this phobia was never desensitized until later when he died at 6, experiencing the same phobias. In this case, it was not ethical for Watson, to conduct the classical conditioning on such a young child, as most loud sounds often instill fear in young children. Under the current guidelines, the study would be reproduced but only by use of wild animals, which the child does not get to see on a frequent basis as a signal that the animals are harmful.

References

Mertens, D. M. (2014). Research and evaluation in education and psychology: Integrating diversity with quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods. Sage publications.

Olson, M. H. (2015). An introduction to theories of learning. Psychology Press.