Short Exercise 3- SPSS reliability and validity measurement

1.1 Provide definition of reliability and explain why it is necessary for researches. (2 points)

1.2 How can we measure the reliability? (2 points)

1.3 Provide the ranges for reliability (for Excellent, Acceptable, Questionable, Poor). (2 points)

Tip: Look at the previous assignment

2. Validity Analysis

2.1 Provide definition of convergent and discriminant validity and explain why they are necessary for researches. (2 points)

2.2 How can we measure the validity? (2 points)

2.3 Provide the ranges for good convergent validity. (2 points)

3. Construct Validity and Exploratory Factor analysis (EFA) (8 points)

Overview: Provide the rotated component matrix for post-test variables as shown like 3.1 example.

3.1. An Example:

Using SPSS:

Select Analyze > Dimension Reduction > Factor. Select the 11 pre-test variables corresponding to the constructs examined in the study: PreA1-PreA2, PreEA1-PreEA3, PreUS1- PreUS3, PreFU1-PreFU3. Click on Extraction. Check Fixed number of factors = 4. Select Continue. Click Rotations. Check Varimax. Select Continue > OK. The results are:

Rotated Component Matrixa

Extraction Method: Principal Component Analysis.

Rotation Method: Varimax with Kaiser Normalization.

a. Rotation converged in 6 iterations.

3.2. Now repeat the same steps for post study and present your table that shown as above.

Select Analyze > Dimension Reduction > Factor. Select the 12 post-test variables corresponding to the constructs examined in the study: PostA1-PostA2, PostEA1-PostEA3, PostUS1- PostUS4, PostFU1-PostFU3. Click on Extraction. Check Fixed number of factors = 4. Select Continue. Click Rotations. Check Varimax. Select Continue > OK.

Present your “Rotated Component Matrix” like in 3.1.

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