please write a 6 pages include the table paper which title is "smart-mirror" with CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT A. Alternative Options 1) Advantages 2) Disadvantages

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DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING

EEL-4920 SENIOR DESIGN I FINAL REPORT

FALL 2015

Infrared Remote Control Code Lock

TEAM 6

Xuefeng Li (5462535) (Team leader)

Xiaolun Zhang (5577546) Shuo Qin (5576977) Jing Xiao (5577719)

Yiming Huo (5596507)

Mentor: Dr. Gustavo.Roig

Fall 2015

Contents

Acknowledgement and Abstract.....................................................................6 I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.........................................................................7 A. summarized problem statement................................................................7 B. objectives and constraints.........................................................................7 C. project description....................................................................................7 D. sections.....................................................................................................7 II. PROBLEM STATEMENT.........................................................................9 A. project objectives......................................................................................9 B. constraints.................................................................................................9 III. ASSUMPTIONS AND LIMITATIONS.................................................10 A. Identifying Assumptions .......................................................................10 B. Identifying Limitations ..........................................................................10 IV. NEEDS FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS......................................................11 A. Needs Analysis.......................................................................................11 B. Need Specification..................................................................................15 C. Feasibility Analysis................................................................................16 D. Marketability..........................................................................................18 V. RISK ANALYSIS....................................................................................23 VI. OPERATING ENVIRONMENT............................................................25 VII Intended user(s) and Intended Use(s) ....................................................26 A. Intended use(s) ......................................................................................26 B. Intended user(s) .....................................................................................27 VIII. BACKGROUND.................................................................................27 A. AugustSmartLock .................................................................................27 B. RemoteLock 6i ......................................................................................29 C. iTouchless Bio-Matic Fingerprint Door Lock .......................................33 IX INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY..............................................................36 A.Remote control door lock system ..........................................................36 B.Security door lock with remote control ..................................................37 C.Remote control mechanism for a locker .................................................39 X. STANDARDS CONSIDERATIONS......................................................40 XI.GLOBALIZATION.................................................................................46 A. GLOBAL AWARENESS ....................................................................46 B. GLOBALPERSPECTIVE ...................................................................47 C. GLOBALENGAGEMENT ..................................................................47 D. WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION[4]  ............................................47

E. ELIMINATING BARRIERS ...............................................................49 F. COLLABORATION TOOLS ..............................................................49 G. INTERNATIONAL CONTACTS .......................................................49 XII. HEALTHY AND SAFETY..................................................................50 XIII.ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATION..........................................51 XIV. SUSTAINABILITY CONSIDERATIONS.........................................55 XV. MANUFACTURABILITY CONSIDERATIONS...............................56 XVI.ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS AND SOCIAL IMPACT................57 A. Ethical Considerations ..........................................................................58 B. SOCIALIMPACTS ...............................................................................59 XVII.CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT............................................................61 A. ALTERNATIVE OPTIONS ................................................................61 B. CONCEPTSELECTION ......................................................................64 XVIII.END PRODUCT DESCRIPTION AND OTHER DELIVERABLES.........................................................................................66 A. END PRODUCT DESCRIPTION .......................................................66 B. FUNCTIONS ........................................................................................66 C. SPECIFICATIONS ..............................................................................67 D. OTHER DELIVERABLES .................................................................71 XIX. PLAN OF ACTION....... .....................................................................72 A. Statement of Work (SOW) ....................................................................72 B. Online Structure (WBS) ........................................................................73 C. Project Milestones .................................................................................75 D. Timeline ...............................................................................................76 E. Gantt chart and Pert Charts ...................................................................76 XX.MULTIDISCIPLINARY ASPECTS.....................................................79 XXI.PERSONNEL.......................................................................................80 XXII.BUDGET.............................................................................................84 XXIII. RESULTS EVALUATION..............................................................85 XXIV. LIFE LONG LEARNING................................................................86 XXV. APPENDIX.......................................................................................86 A. Team contract .......................................................................................86 B. Intellectual Property Contract ...............................................................87 XXVI Senior Design II Procedures..............................................................89 References....................................................................................................91

Figure Contents Figure 1 LINKA............................................................................................19 Figure 2 Flow chart of LINKA.....................................................................19 Figure 3 Nuimo.............. ..............................................................................20 Figure 4 Flow Chart of Nuimo...... ...............................................................21 Figure 5 Flow chart of our project................................................................22 Figure 6 Risk Analysis Tree....... .................................................................23 Figure 7 operating environment........ ...........................................................26 Figure 8 Schematic of August Lock Installation..........................................29 Figure 9: Diagram of the August Lock operating principle..........................29 Figure 10 Schematic of RemoteLock 6.........................................................32 Figure 11 Schematic of network RemoteLock 6i wireless diagram.............32 Figure 12: Block Diagram of Fingerprint identification system diagram.....35 Figure 13: Picture of iTouchless Bio-Matic Fingerprint Door Lock............35 Figure 14 Patent 1.........................................................................................36 Figure 15 Patent 2.........................................................................................38 Figure 16 Patent 3.........................................................................................39 Figure 17 LCA for Infrared remote control door lock.................................52 Figure 18 LCTA for Infrared remote control door lock ..............................53 Figure 19 LCIA for Infrared remote control door lock by category............54 Figure 20 product cummulative cost per phase/time....................................57 Figure 21 Concept Fan.................................................................................61 Figure 22 Alternative 1 STC89c51-LCD-AT24C02....................................62 Figure 23 Alternative 2 STC89c51-LCD-ATMega88..................................63 Figure 24 Alternative 3 AT90S1200-LED-AT24C02..................................63 Figure 25 Alternative 4 AT90S1200-LCD-ATMega88...............................64 Figure 26 Level 0 FInfrared remote control lock functionality bBlock Ddiagram.......................................................................................................67 Figure 27 Level 1 infrared remote control lock block diagram....................68 Figure 28 Level 2 Block Diagram.................................................................68 Figure 29 Clock Ccircuit...............................................................................69 Figure 30 Reset Ccircuit................................................................................69 Figure 31 Flow Chart....................................................................................73 Figure 32 Project Plan...................................................................................74 Figure 33 Pert Chart......................................................................................78

Table Contents

Table 1Team Members...................................................................................7 Table 2 Client Interview................................................................................12 Table 3 Client Interview and user survey......................................................13 Table 4 Client Interview, survey and Team Ideas.........................................14 Table 5 Objectives.........................................................................................15 Table 6 Weighted scale and weight computation..........................................16 Table 7 Component Specifications...............................................................18 Table 8 Likelihood of Occurrence ................................................................24 Table 9 Action Table.....................................................................................25 Table 10 Ethical Solutions............................................................................59 Table 11 Ethical Evaluations.........................................................................59 Table 12 Weighted Scores of Objectives......................................................65 Table 13 Alternative Selection Table............................................................65 Table 14 Level 0 LInfrared remote control lock functionality......................67 Table 15 Level 1 infrared remote control lock block diagram......................68 Table 16 Level 2 Clock and Reset circuit.....................................................69 Table 17 Project Sspecification.....................................................................70 Table 18 Input and Output specification.......................................................71 Table 19 Gantt chart for time line.................................................................77 Table 20 Gantt chart for budget ...................................................................84

Acknowledgement

We are writing acknowledgement to extend our sincere gratitude to our mentor Dr. Gustavo Roig for instructing us the issues of our senior design project. Dr. Gustavo Roig gave us an opportunity to work with him on an valuable project when we sought his advice at the beginning of our senior design. Dr. Gustavo Roig gave us a lot of support and guidance on the process of designing the product throughout this semester. We would also express thanks to our instructor, Professor Wilmer Arellano for teaching us to understand the various rules of electrical product and also guiding us to write a precise paper for senior design. The completion of this paper could not been finished without the work place which Electrical Engineering Department of FIU provide to us and the help of the people who have assisted us to finish the paper.

Abstract In daily life, the traditional door lock can not meet all the requirement of people. For example, people cannot open the door lock only by walking to the door. To meet the requirements of the use of locks to increase their security and convenience, with a controller instead of the key came into being. Remote control door lock is safe, low cost, low power consumption, easy to operate.In one word, this new type lock has more advantages than traditional lock. At present the use of electronic locks are mostly based on microprocessor, main devices MCU, the encoder and decoder built into software. Our project uses SCM system(Mainly STC89C51 microcontroller minimum system), 4×4 Matrix keyboard, LCD display and alarm system. Our project contains a lot of functions such as the setting function, modifying the six user password function, ultra alarm function, ultra lock function, password error alarm function and other functions(P0 port to control the design of the LCD display. If the password is correctly, the display will show “ok” on the screen. If the password is error, the0 display will show “error” on the screen. For more than three times to enter password error, the lock will be auto locked. The P1 port controls keyboard matrix containing the number keys 0-9 and A-F function keys). In addition to the above basic password lock feature, based on the actual situation we decided to add a remote control functions to our door lock. The system of our remote control door lock is low cost, safety, low power consumption and very easy to operate. These advantages of this new type electrical door lock attract us to spend our time to design it.

I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Infrared Remote Control Code Lock

Team Number: 6 Team Name: Infrared Remote Control Code Lock

Mentor: Dr. Gustavo. Roig Team Leader: Xuefeng Li

Team Member: Jing Xiao Team Member: Shuo Qin

Team Member: Xiaolun Zhang Team Member: Yiming Huo

Table I: Team Members

A. Summarized Problem Statement

B. Objectives and Constraints

In our project the main objectives are:

1. Should be safe to use

2. Should be easy to use

3. The remote control device should be small and lightweight

4. Should be easy to install

In our project the main constraints are:

1. Weigh less than 250g

2. Cost less than $100

3. Size should be about 7cm by 7cm

4. The lock material requires very strong metal

C. Project Description

Our product will be a multi-function lock. The lock can be securely mounted on the door and will be controlled by an infrared remote control or password; while maintaining security, our product will be safe and easy to use. This device will be constructed primarily of metal. In general the installation procedure will be design to be very simple so the product will be widely applicable and accepted.

Visually, our product will look similar to the locking mechanisms found on hotel doors. Although this appearance may not be aesthetically pleasing, it can be easily modified. Ideally in the eyes of the customer, the appearance will be completely customizable. However, this would reduce the economies of scale established when producing a uniform product. In light of this, we plan to conduct a survey and research current trends in order to design an acceptable

appearance.

D. Sections

Our team agrees that the most important sections in our report are the following sections:

• Background  • Globalization • Concept Development  • End Product Description And Other

Deliverables • Need Feasibility Analysis 

• Plan Of Action • Personnel • Budget • Conclusion

And our team believes that these sections in our report can strongly show our logic reasoning and the thought process steps in this design. In the Personnel section describes a little about all the team members and we think this can a very effective way to portray our skills and shows the part we are responsible for in the report.

II. PROBLEM STATEMENT

Our team came together with one thought: to improve a new type of lock which we can control the lock from a far distance. The purpose behind our thought is to make a lock without a key and can be controlled by a remote control device. Once you forgot or lost the key, you just need to input the six-digit password, and then you can get into home.

A. Project Objectives

The main objective for our team is to design a new type of lock, which we can control the lock from a far distance. The purpose behind our thought is to make a lock without a key and can be controlled by a remote control.

In our project the main objectives are:

l Should be safe to use l Should be easy to use l The remote control device should be small and lightweight l Should be easy to install

B. Constraints  

For all locks, the security of the system always comes first for all customers and designers. Besides that, we also need to make our lock easy to install in the door and the remote control device need to be lightweight, small and easy to use.

In our project the constraints are:  

l Weigh less than 250g

l Cost less than $100

l Size should be about 7cm by 7cm

l The lock material requires very strong metal

Making assumptions can help us to narrow down the unrealistic project aspirations, and the limitation will help our team to prevent inefficiency in our project managing. As for the limitation details, which may need to be requested from the client. Otherwise, there may exist plenty of unknown area with our project, and we need to study them and finish our goals. This is a very necessary step before the designing and research process.

III. ASSUMPTIONS AND LIMITATIONS

The need feasibility analysis is very important for our project and it can give us a fully understanding of our project needs, so we can better accomplish our tasks and designs in our project. We must conduct the in formation from customers’ surveys and brainstorm of our team to find out exactly what we really needs and how we can make our product marketable and desirable it for clients. We will not only analyze our needs, but also analyze our skills too; this is the reason and importance for a needs feasibility analysis.

A. Identifying Assumptions

The appropriate assumption definition in Engineering is the “Accepted cause and effect relationships, or estimates of the existence of a fact from the known existence of other fact(s).” For our team as an Engineer, we should research some information completed and recorded our testing data when making assumptions for our design. Between the assumption and the potential idea, we can make a connection, and if the accomplished work were studied deeply. Besides, the appropriate assumptions in Engineering will help us to make a huge progress on our project. Our lock should have an alarm system, which can protect client safer. Besides, we can make an app on the phone for changing the password or informing the user the lock has been unlocked.

1) Assumptions

l The lock will have an alarm system

l The lock will have an app to control the lock

B. Identifying Limitations

Limitations play a very important role in our project. Limitations are necessary for progress of our project. During researching previous work, which is notice us that project limitations is a necessary part for our project and will determine our success or not. The funding or sponsorship lacking and unavailable resources will also make our designing process failure. However, in some cases, the limitation will not discovered until after a failure design or project. In a word, the limitation is one of the most important parts in the whole project.

1) Limitations

l Infrared transmission distance (approx. 20 meter) l Remote control device battery Life (approx. 1 year)

IV. NEEDS FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS The need feasibility analysis will help each team members to get a full understanding

of our design and what goals we need to achieve. So the surveys and brainstorm is a easy way to figure out exactly what we really needs and how we can make our project more marketable and acceptable for clients. Not only we will analyze our needs but also we will analyze our team skills too, which is the reason why the needs feasibility analysis is necessary foe our team.

A. Needs Analysis

For the need analysis part, the client survey is a easy and effective way to conduct the

information from the client, and also for the clients inter view. At the beginning, we will deduce the information from the client interview, then the client surveys, and the last we will have a brainstorm to comp up with our own thoughts. This will give our team a better understanding of what the user really need.

1) Client Interview To know more about the needs of the client, we use our client interview to conduct the

key information. The client interview will help our team understand deeply and know how to make these ideas to become a real design, which is also an important part of our final product.

1. What is the most attractive point of our lock for you? a. I think is the remote control, it is very convenient for me, I can open the door before

I touch it or use the key. b. I like the function that one remote control device can open many doors, so that I do

not need to hold so many keys and find which one is the correct.

2. What is the different do you think between our lock and traditional lock?

a. It is fix for almost all kinds of door, even for the storage. Besides, it is easy to install.

b. I think it is safer than before, it do not have a keyhole, so the thief cannot open it.

3. What is your acceptable price for it?

Although I like this lock, I think the final cost of the lock system should be below $75.

Source Attribute

Client Project should be convenient to use

Client Project should open the door without keys

Client Project should be fit for different kinds of door

Client Project should be safe enough

Client Project should have low price for client

Table 2 Client Interview

2) User Survey After using the client interview, we got some information about the need of client, but

we think it is not comprehensive enough, so we decided to conduct user survey information to complete it and find potential clients. The user survey will help us have a better understanding of what clients need this product to turn out, and then we can have a successful design.

1 What the price you will pay for an Infrared Lock? under 100 dollar (38) moren than 100 dollar (12)

This question gives our team a reference for the acceptable price for the customer. 2 Income (per month)

1000-2000 (14) 2000-5000 (29) 5000+ (7)

The same as question 1 3 Are you always at home by yourself?

Yes (17) No (27) Keep secret (6)

This question we can know the number of potential customers. 4 Have your house been break in?

Yes (4) No (46) Keep secret (0)

The same as question 3

5 Which part you are most concerned? Safety (37) Durability (5) Convenience (8)

Ensure the main point for our design. 6 Do you think the traditional lock is safe enough?

Yes (32) No (18)

This question we can know the number of potential customers. 7 If it is safety enough. Do you want to try the Infrared Lock?

Yes (42) No (8)

This question we can know the number of potential customers. 8 Will you pay for the installation?

Yes (3) No (7) I can install it myself (14) I want the installation fee is include in the price. (26)

This question we can know some details for the price.

Source Attribute

Client Project should be convenient to use

Client Project should open the door without keys

Client Project should be fit for different kinds of door

Client Project should be safe enough

Client Project should have low price for client

Survey Project product should no more then 100 dollar

Survey Project should durable enough

Survey Project should have enough safety

Survey Project should easy to install or offer free installation

Table 3 Client Interview and user survey

3) Teams Input

Our team came up with ideas that we thought would make our project more acceptable and marketable for the client:

l Remote control the lock

l Lock requires very strong metal

l The remote control device should be lightweight and small

l The whole system is easy to install and use

In conclusion, the client interview, user survey and brainstorms give us a better understanding of what our design needs to be improve. Our system is a new type of lock which we can control the lock from a far distance. The purpose behind our thought is to make a lock without a key and can be controlled by a remote control. And it uses infrared remote control the lock. Besides, we support the 6-digit number password set. In theory, our lock is 100 times safer than 4-digit password locks. When someone tries to open the door and enter the wrong passwords more than 3 times (in the remote control device), it will be locked and cannot open. Then, the built-in siren and the LED light will work to alert people. It may seem like a difficult feat but we will do what we can to make this a possibility.

Source Attribute

Client Project should be convenient to use

Client Project should open the door without keys

Client Project should be fit for different kinds of door

Client Project should be safe enough

Client Project should have low price for client

Survey Project product should no more then 100 dollar

Survey Project should durable enough

Survey Project should easy to install or offer free installation

Team Project could be remote control

Team Project should use very strong metal

Team Project should be lightweight and small

Table 4 Client Interview, survey and Team Ideas

B. Need Specification

We will take the survey results into consideration, including our user survey, client survey and the team’s ideas. We will make the specification according to the results. There are two kinds of the requirements for the specifications, which are marketing requirements and engineering requirements.

1) Marketing Requirements a) The design should have excellent solidity. b) The design should have good compatibility and be easy to install. c) The design should have low cost. d) The design should have low consumption of power. e) The design should be reliable. 2) Engineering Requirements a) The design should not weigh more than 250 g (about 0.55 lbs.) b) The design should have size of about 15 cm length and 8 cm width. c) The design should read currents from 50 nA to 2 mA. d) The design should cost around $80. e) The design should be made by stainless steel. 3) Specification Temperature: 20 to 40°C Pressure: common pressure Wet: 25% to 55% Force: common force 50nA to 2 mA

Table 5: Objectives Objectives Engineering Requirements Justification c, d The design should not weigh more than

250 g (about 0.55 lbs.) This is almost similar to even lighter than the weight of products in the markets

b The design should have size of about 15 cm length and 8 cm width.

This is the standard size so that it is easy for users to accept.

d, e The design should read currents from 50 nA to 2 mA.

The energy consumption of sensor is very low, and the product will work normally under extreme situation.

c The design should cost around $80. We consider it is a proper price which makes a balance between our users and the costs based on the user survey and our ideas.

a, e The design should be made by stainless steel.

This makes our product strong and will avoid being damaged.

In conclusion, we thought a lot and received plenty of information from client

interview and user survey. We have created a list of complete and instructive specifications for our project. In the next step, we will make a strong, reliable, and accurate device that can be installed easily in most situation and cost not too much.

C. Feasibility Analysis

The feasibility analysis will be divided into these parts: technical feasibility, resource feasibility, economic feasibility, schedule feasibility, culture feasibility, legal feasibility, and marketing feasibility. We will give a weight to each part according to its importance based on our understanding. We will give a solution if we think there are problems to carry out.

Table 6 Weighted scale and weight computation

Attribute Weight 1- Lo w

2 3- Me d

4 5- Hig h

Why Solution

Technical Feasibility

Does the technology exist and can it be obtained?

0.6 X Implementation will become difficult if the technology does not exist.

Research what technology we need.

Are fundamental new inventions required?

0.6 X We should know if we have to find a new way to proceed with our project.

We will research and find any technology we need.

Resource Feasibility

Do we have enough equipment and number of people?

0.6 X We need enough sources and labor so that we can make sure task be finished perfectly.

No problem

Do we have electronic skills?

2 X The product must be made strong enough and will response accurately and immediately.

We have good electronic skills

Do we have the programming skills?

2 X We have to make the program stable and reliable.

We will research C++

Economic Feasibility

Can we complete the project with the resources and funds given?

0.5 X We have to make sure we have enough resources and funds to finish project.

The project can be completed with our resources.

Schedule

Feasibility What are the chance we meet all goals we have scheduled?

0.7 X We must make a good schedule and make sure we can get the project finished at time.

If we delay in a certain part, just work harder to stay on the schedule.

Cultural Feasibility

Will the product accepted by society?

0.5 We can’t make a product that society does not accept.

It is socially acceptable.

Will it have a positive impact on the general culture?

0.5 X X The product will be more popular if the impact on the general culture is positive.

It has a positive impact.

Legal Feasibility

Are there any regulations or laws limiting or impeding the project?

0.5 X We will not create a product that is illegal.

It is legal.

Marketing Feasibility

Will the general public accept the product?

1 X We must make sure there is market for our product.

There is a market

Are there other products similar to ours in the market?

0.5 X We need to research how to make our product competitive.

We believe our product will be competitive.

Total Weight: 10

10 1 4 9 16 15 Total Score: 45

Weighted AVG: 3.25

0.5 5.2 5.4 16. 4

5 Weight Score: 32.5

totalMeanGw AAAMeanG NN

/. )(. 1

×⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅××=

Table 7 Component Specifications

We discuss the problem which we may meet in the future as a team, and then we do

the feasibility analysis and get the above table. We consider all parts of feasibility including Technical, Resource, Economic, Scheduling, Cultural, Legal, and Marketing feasibility. Feasibility is measured against attributes, so we create weighted scale. 1-5 scale shows the different attributes contributing to the total in different proportions. “1” is our least confidence, while “5” indicates more confidence. We sign a weight for each attribute based on the importance level we think. Then we give a score ranging from 1 to 5. We have the sum of score at the bottom. We also have the sum of weight score for each columns, which is sum of each score multiplied by the relative weight. Weighted AVG is calculated by taking the weighted score to divide total weight. From the weighted AVG, we can get the feasibility of the project, with “1” being the weakest and “5” being the strongest. We think we have made an accurate feasibility, and we believe we can solve any problem we will meet in the future. D. Marketability

1)First similar project on Kickstarter LINKA: World’s First Auto-Unlocking Smart Bike Lock is the project we found on

Kickstarter which is similar to our project. It is created by Velasso in Oakland, CA. This bike lock features Tamper Alerts, Auto-Unlock, Built-in Siren, Keyless Access and more! They are pledged of $25000 goal. The project has following parts to introduce product and catch customers’ heart.

Technology overview: Lock Smarter Not Harder with LINKA. Our bike lock features Tamper Alerts, Auto-Unlock, Built-in Siren, Keyless Access & more! a) Introduction for users and client: what is the goal? How is LINKA unique? What do people benefit from the product? Pictures for product. b) Features: Built-in Siren, Recognized Locking, Tamper Alerts, Phone-Less Access, Theft Indicator Map, Long lasting battery, Lightweight.

Technical Resource Economic Schedule Cultural Legal Marketing G.Mean w Technical 1 3 2 4 5 1/5 1/3 1.3459 0.1711

Resource 1/3 1 1/4 1/2 1/5 1/3 1/4 0.3538 0.0450

Economic 1/2 4 1 3 1/4 6 1/2 1.2397 0.1576

Schedule 1/4 2 1/3 1 1/3 1/4 3 0.6351 0.0808

Cultural 1/5 5 4 3 1 1/2 1/4 1.0596 0.1347

Legal 5 3 1/6 4 2 1 1/3 1.3113 0.1667

Marketing 3 4 2 1/3 4 3 1 1.9195 0.2441

Total 7.8649 1

c) Chain Specs: weight: 1.9kg, length: 76cm, sleeve: heavy duty rip-stop nylon. d) Stretch Goal: 50K limited edition LINKA to 100K color option unlocked. e) Compatibility: two steps: 1. Make sure the bike have a brake bridge with mounting holes. 2. Measure from the mounting hole to the inner edge of the rim. f) Why are we doing this? g) Timeline h) What we need? i) Rewards

j) Risk and challenges.

Figure 1 LINKA

Figure 2 Flow chart of LINKA

2) Second similar project on Kickstarter

This is another project we found on Kickstarter named Nuimo which is seamless smart home interface. It is created by Senic in Berlin, Germany. They are pledged of €55,000 goal. They have a different structure of project as following parts.

Technology overview: Nuimo is an intuitive and natural way to interact with your connected devices. Nuimo works with any bluetooth device or application including

Sonos and Philips Hue. Connectivity, Compatibility, Battery, Dimensions, Weight, Sensors, Indicators, Mounting, Materials. a) Attractive introduction to user: NUIMO is reenvision what technology feels like.

b) Natural user interface which is meaning seamless control for the things you love. Some pictures for product’s features.

c) Express yourself. This product support most devices and apps. d) Plenty of video for user to watch so that they can fully learn about this product. e) Setup made simple: easily connect your most used apps and devices. f) Goes where you need it: wireless design fits seamlessly into your life. g) Tech specs: Connectivity, Compatibility, Battery, Dimensions, Weight, Sensors,

Indicators, Mounting, Materials. h) Our story: a journey from vision to product. i) The next steps: why we need you to be part of this. j) Risk and challenges.

Figure 3 Nuimo

Figure 4 Flow Chart of Nuimo 3) Our project

We are here to make a smart lock called “Infrared Remote Control Lock”，which will change the methods of people’s life. In this project, we will use SCM system, keyboard, LCD display and alarm system. The product should have two features so that it will be competitive with the similar products in the market. First of all is the security to user. Another feature is “user-friendly”. In this project, these steps will be followed to do a prefect project: First of all, we do enough surveys to determine what we are going to do and why we will do that. Secondly, we consider the marketability, intended user and use, operation environment. Thirdly, we do the feasibility analysis and risk analysis. One of our team members, Li, shared his experience with us that his house was stolen when he was young, and it caused a lot of damage to the property. Li said that the thief easily opened the door of his house. He hopes that there is a lock which is strong enough to protect people’s house from being broken into. We come together with Li to design a lock and we believe it can make contribution to the security of house.

The product should have two features so that it will be competitive with the similar products in the market. First of all is the security to user. For all locks, the security of the system always comes first for all customers and designers. So our product has 3 measures to make it safer. Firstly, now most of the password lock just has 3 or 4-digit password, not safe enough to protect their things by using those locks. On the contrary, we support the 6-digit number password set. In theory, our lock is 100 times safer than 4-digit password locks. Secondly, we have 2 meanings for the automatic locking. On the one hand, when the user closes the door, the lock will automatically lock. On the other hand, when you enter wrong passwords more than 3 times (in the remote control device), it will be locked and cannot be opened. Thirdly, we want to give our lock a screeching 100 dB sirens and a small LED to ensuring all eyes are on preying thieves, before they try to open the door or lockers.

Another feature is “user-friendly”. There are also three ways to achieve it: firstly, password can be set and reset by user. If you want to reset the password, of course you have to input old password, and double check the new password. That is designed to prevent disoperation. Secondly, when you arrive at home carrying a lot of things, you do not have the third hand to open the door. If you installed this lock, you just need to unlock remotely, the door will open automatically, and you can freely walk into your house. We will have enough amount keys for family user. Thirdly, traditional lock is complex and inconvenient to install, but our lock will be easy to install and very strong. The lock will apply to most situations, and will work in rainy or hot environment.

If we were to make a fund rising, we have a plan called “One dollar to follow us”, in which we will pick out one user of 100 users who followed us to give him one of our products for free. Then we sell the product in the price 30% off of the list price we expected, to up to 1000 persons. Next we sell the product in the price 20% off of the list price, to up to 2000 persons. Finally, we sell the product in the price 10% off of the list price, to up to 3000 persons.

In conclusion, we are more confident now to do our project, and we believe that we have a good understanding about the specification and marketability, and we know now we have enough skills and power to carry the project out. Our product will be competitive and reliable.

Figure 5 Flow chart of our project

V. RISK ANALYSIS

Any project has risks, so we can improve the feasibility of our project by analyze the risk of our project. When we are analyzing the risk, we have to consider all the parts, for example the technical, resource, economic, schedule, legal, and marketing. When we have finished the analysis, we will have a deeper understanding of the project.

Analysis of the risk means that we set a goal for us, and it can help us to finish the problems more easily and clearly. At the same time, we will solve the problems in a high purposeful way. The lock is a sensitive topic for public who would like to have a safe and stable lock. Especially, the lock uses a infrared remote control. We have to make sure that our product is perfect, so the risk analysis becomes very important.

Figure 6 Risk Analysis Tree

In the Figure II : Risk Analysis Tree, we can see the overall situation about the risk

analysis, and we can find out that the risk that we have from all parts. They are the Technical；Resource；Economic；Schedule；Legal and Marketing. And we can realize what is the specific risk we have from all parts.

Table 8 Likelihood of Occurrence

This table shows the Grade Evaluation about risk. From this table, we can easily find out the level about all kinds of risks.

Class I risk means there is no risk, so we can ignore the risk. We can just do our

project. Class II means that we have to pay some attention on these risks, but these problems

and risks is not our main problem. We should not pay too much attention on it. Class III is what we have to concentrate on. These are some hard problems and we

have to try our best to solve them. And we also have to make sure that these problems will not affect our project. Class III risk is worth for us to spend time to solve.

Class IV is the most difficult problem, and maybe we are short for confidence about it.

But we don’t think we have Class IV risk in our project. From this table, we think all the problems will remain under our control, and we can solve all the problems. These risks cannot stop us, if these problems happen, because we have enough skills and ability to solve them.

R2 We currently don’t have the programing skill, but we can study it now or find someone to help us about the programing.

M1 We can make our product more stable and safe to let the public accept our lock.

M2 We find some similar products. But I think our product is unique and we can make it more advanced.

T1 Yes the tech is exsist. We have to do more study about this kind of technology.

R1 Yes we have this skill. But we still have to learn more about it. We can solve any electronic problem buy have a group meeting.

E1 The resource come from everywhere. We have to make it more clear and study it. Then the resource wo find to complete our product.

Table 9 Action Table

In this table, we can know what we should do for our project. Different problem have

different way to solve. It is a constraint for our project and the solution.

VI. OPERATING ENVIRONMENT

Locks is an important part or our life, so the environment of a lock is important, because we have to make sure that our product can work well in most kinds of environment. You can use our product at home directly. Because the environment at home is stable, it has the common temperature, press, wet. Our product can also work in some extreme environments, such as in the factory and in the wild. If costumers have these kinds of requirement, we can update our products .But our main costumer is families. Basically, we will not consider about the extreme environments.

Lock will be set up on a door. However, different people have different habits. While some people like to close the door gently, some people like to slam the door. So we have to make our lock more stable and strong.

First of all, we will make sure that the lock is installed firmly on the door, and it is perfectly combined with the door, with no permission of any loose installment, as it might make the lock unstable and affect the safety. When someone close the door with a strong force, we have to make sure that the parts inside will keep stable, so the strong force will not affect the life of the lock. We will have all parts made with high quality materials. Users might let water come inside the lock, so our product must have the waterproof ability. Traditional locks will not have these problems because traditional locks don't have electronic parts. We have to make sure that water will not destroy our products. So some of the specific data is as follows. Temperature environment is from 20°C to 40°C. Wet environment is from 25% to 55%. Pressure environment is common pressure. Force environment is common force.

Figure 7 operating environment

VII Intended user(s) and Intended Use(s) A. Intended use(s)

Our team came together with one thought: to improve a new type of lock which we

can control the lock from a far distance. The purpose behind our thought is to make a lock without a key and can be controlled by a remote control. 1.The length of the password

Now most of the password lock just has 3 or 4-digit password, is not safe enough to protect their things by using that locks. On the contrary, we support the 6-digit number password set. In theory, our lock is 100 times safer than 4-digit password locks. 2.Automatic locking

In this part, we have 2 meanings for the automatic locking. On the one hand, when the user closes the door, the lock will automatically lock. On the other hand, when you enter wrong passwords more than 3 times (in the remote control device), it will be locked and cannot open. 3.Built-in siren

We want to give our lock a screeching 100 dB sirens and a small LED to ensuring all eyes are on preying thieves, before they try to open the door or lockers. 4.Friendly to user

Password can be set and reset by user. If you want to reset password, of course you have to input old password, and double check the new password. That is designed to prevent misoperation. When you got home carrying a lot of things, you do not have the third hand to open the door. If you stalled this lock, you just need to unlock remotely, the door will open automatically, and you can freely walk into your house. We will have enough amount keys for family user. B.Intended user(s)

Our product is face to all kinds of users. When you forgot the keys, you just need to

input the six numbers password, then you can get into home.However, traditional lock doesn't have this function, if you forgot bring your keys, you have to wait for your relatives or climb the window.

When a thief want to get into your room, if your door with a traditional lock, sometimes the thief just can use a small wire to open your door. However, if your door with electrical code lock, and the thief doesn’t know the password, he will not break the door because this action will make noise.

Also, if there is a babysitter in your home, after your kids grow up, you don't need to worry about if the babysitter will return your home without permit, because you can change the password in anytime. And if you change the password, even if she or he copy the remote, the new remote will not work. Actually, it’s hard to copy the remote, but it’s easy to copy the keys.

VIII. BACKGROUND In order to design a new type lock for our senior design project, it is necessary to

learn some knowledge and ideas from other projects or products. So in this section, we will introduce three different but similar projects. These projects are similar to our design, and their background information is very useful to us. These projects can help us in terms of how to build our design and will give us some effective ideas, especially the technical instructions. Specifically, in this section, we will introduce August Smart Lock, Remote Lock 6i iTouchless and Bio-Matic Fingerprint Door Lock.

A. August Smart Lock

This device was created by Jason Johnson, the founder and CEO of smart lock maker August, Managing Partner of Founders Den, Chairman of Internet of Things Consortium. The article that describes the device and explains the function and features was published October 14, 2014 by Andrew Tarantola [1].

1) Summary

The August smart lock is a secure and easy-installing lock, which can let the host control the access to your home and manage how long their access lasts. This function can be used by iOS and Android smartphones, without the need for keys or codes. This encrypted technology is safer than keys that can get lost or codes that can be copied. Also, it is easy to install because people just need 10 minutes to replace the interior of their existing deadbolt, and the exterior hardware is unchanged. This device will not connect to the cable, because it’s powered by four AA batteries, even if when the power, Wi-Fi, or cable goes down, it will still work. When people return home, August Smart Lock can sense people’s approach and automatically unlocks the door. The lock also can automatically lock the door when people leave, so people don’t need to worry about whether the door is locked or not.

2) Technical review

August smart lock relies on wireless and telephone network, and the reliable Bluetooth technology to sync your cell phone. This device needs people to plug the August into a power outlet within 30 fee (while within 15 feet will be the optimal performance and reliability). Wait for the flashing green light on, and if the green light is not flashing, press and hold the button on August Connect for 3 seconds, and then wait. On the lock settings screen in the August app, select “Connect to Wi-Fi” and follow the instructions, this lock should connect with 2.4 GHZ Wi-Fi. After setup the lock, people can see who walked in and out, from custom’s phone or computer in anywhere.

In 2015, August Smart Lock have updated iOS end app to support Apple Watch. Users can use Apple Watch to open the front door of his home, iOS end users after updating the app, not only can lock and open the door by Apple Watch, but also the watch receives notification of the August card key state information, and view the activity log lock. So the cell phone and the apple watch functioning as a remote, can control the lock in a short distance all the time.

3) System Description August mainly depends on the Bluetooth connection. By using a wireless network,

users can use mobile app to achieve its function. The motors in August are using the normal battery. It can supply sustainable power while never having a deadlock problem. Moreover, the entity key can get the door open because of the mechanical system. In the August system, the Bluetooth module receives signals from the cell phone or other equipment, and single chip receives instruction and start work. If Bluetooth is connected properly, the relay controls door lock, and door circuit will open and led will lit. If Bluetooth password is wrong, the connection will not and cannot control the Bluetooth module, enabling access control.

Figure 8 Schematic of August Lock Installation

Figure 9: Diagram of the August Lock operating principle

B. RemoteLock 6i

This device was invented by a security company named Lockstate, which was founded in Colorado State in 2004. The article that describes this device and introduces the feature and functions was published on August 22, 2015 by Geeks News Desk. [2] 1) Summary

RemoteLock 6i is a new commercial WiFi lock with keyboard established for security. This kind of lock is perfect for office buildings, rental properties, residential, industrial,

and any location where needing remote supervising and management of locks. This device can connect to routers with no additional equipment needed. When people unlock your door, you will receive alerts when codes are used. It has weather proof finish and the keypad can protect the elements. Also, if people forget to bring their cell phones, they can use the keyboard to input the code to open the door, and the code can be changed on cell phones or computers.

2) Technical Review

Remotelock 6i is perfect for rental property, home，hotel or office use. Robust WiFi is enabled to lock the door by a remote control, and it can send alerts when people unlock your doors or using code.

Features and Specifications: [2]

• WiFi enabled lock connects directly to existing routers

• Weather proof finish & keypad

• One-touch lock button to quickly lock door on the way out

• Up to 1000 user codes or guest codes available to store in its memory

• View access history in real time from online account

• Add or delete users and lock or unlock your door remotely

• Set scheduled access times for users.

• Choose between passage or storehouse mode

• Set schedules to passage mode, or even lock or unlock door automatically at scheduled times

• Set to privacy mode to temporarily disable all user codes

• Lockout functionality (after 5 incorrect attempts)

• Low Battery Warning

Specifications: • Lock Weight: 6LB • Power Source: 4 AA Alkaline Batteries • Keypad: Weather Proof Keypad • Handle: Reversible Lever • Door Thickness: 1 3/8″ to 2″ • Keyway: Schlage C6

• Temperature: -30 to 120 degrees F (-34 to 50C) C6 • Front Lock Height: 6 ¾” • Front Width: 3” • Back Height: 6 ¾” • Back Width: 3” • Key Hole to Top of Lock: 5 1/8” • Working Current: 50 mA • Idle Current: 5 µA • Lock Back Time: 5 (1 – 25) Seconds • Working Voltage: 4.8-6.4V • Low Battery Warning: 4.8V or lower

3) System Description

RemoteLock 6i system is designed based on wireless networking system, and this kind of communication network consists of two parts: the wireless network and wired communications networks. Door lock and wireless base station (LA171) is connected between wireless signals, and the wireless base station (LA171) is via a wired Ethernet LAN to communicate with the management software. Each floor can be composed of a wireless communications network. There is a wireless base station (LA171), and a number of wireless bridges (LA172), and wireless networking with many locks (like RemoteLock 6i). In conclusion, the remotelock system consists of a wireless base station (LA171), a wireless bridge (LA172), and some wireless door locks.

Figure 10 Schematic of RemoteLock 6

Figure 11 Schematic of network RemoteLock 6i wireless diagram

C. iTouchless Bio-Matic Fingerprint Door Lock

This product was found from Amazon website. The date and the description were published July 19, 2004 by Amazon manufacture. [3]

1). Summary The iTouchless Bio-Matic Fingerprint Door Lock is a latch-style lock that offers

access with a fingerprint, passcode and key. This kind of electronic lock can store up to 150 fingerprints and 78 passcodes, which is enough for a family or a small company. In this kind of lock, the controls of the optical sensor are hidden behind a sliding front cover, which in order to protect the electronics from the micro elements. If there is any trouble with the sensor, people can also input a code with numbers or use a regular key to open the door.

2) Technical Review The iTouchless lock in place of your existing doorknob, and it utilizes a “live layer”

optical sensor for reading fingerprints. Features and Specifications: [3]

Features: • Bio-matic fingerprint door lock

• Enjoy the freedom of being able to take your morning jog or walk the dog without carrying keys

• Powered by 4 AA batteries (not included)

• Easy Programming

• Add or delete user is performed directly on the lock's pin pad

• Utilizes 'Live Layer' optical sensor technology to ensure accuracy and high level of security

• Product Type: Combination Lock Specifications: •Assembled Depth (In Inches) 7 •Assembled Height (In Inches) 7.38 •Assembled Weight (In LBS) 5.6 Lbs. •Assembled Width (In Inches) 6 •Country of Origin China •Item Depth 11 In. •Item Height 8 In. •Item Weight 7 Lbs. •Item Width 9 In.

3) System Description

In iTouchless Bio-Matic Fingerprint Door Lock system, the most important system is fingerprint system, and this system can be divide by two independent systems:

Fingerprint input: People can register fingerprint through the prompts that shows on LCD display. Considering the confidentiality of the fingerprint entry, when registering the new fingerprint, this system needs to enter the administrator password or login with administrator fingerprint to manage the registration of fingerprints.

Fingerprint screen: Through the LCD display prompts for administrator password, people can use the administrator fingerprint to login management system, enter the fingerprint ID, and then that ID will be screen in the whole system.

The processing process of the whole system is divided into seven steps:

a. The image sensor will transfer the fingerprint image to FPGA, also designed preprocessing module which is used to data processing.

b. Then get the gradient of each pixel point and the coordinates of the maximum points of all these data, collect these data and the original data, and save them in the DDR SDRAM;

c. The DSP read all relevant data through the FPGA which from DDR SDRAM, calculating the direction of the ridge line and ridge line frequency.

d. Then use the GABOR filter on original data, after the processing of image data by FPGA in the DDR SDRAM, so in the end of the DDR SDRAM, both input and output require buffer.

e. According to the requirements of the DSP processing instruction, read out the data from the DDR SDRAM after filtering, by the comparison of the FPGA internal logic to extract the fingerprint image in each row (column) in the maximum points.

f. Sent data to the DSP for further processing, and complete fingerprint image ridge line extraction

g. Complete matching recognition algorithm by DSP, and outputs high level or low level to match results.

Figure 12: Block Diagram of Fingerprint identification system diagram

Figure 13: Picture of iTouchless Bio-Matic Fingerprint Door Lock

IX INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY

In this section, we would like to clarify the patents we researched that could possibly have relevance to our project Infrared Remote Control Code Door Lock. We will summarize three patents and claim that we are not intruding into any existing patents. After we review the patents in this section, we will highlight the differences between these patents and our project. A.Remote control door lock system

United States Patent US6005306 A This patent, by Martins, Andrew M Pickard was granted in Dec 21, 1999, and will be described in the next section.

Summary: This is a wireless remote control lock system for commercial and residential building

doors. It is built with an electrically powered striker plate including a striker plate member and a door latch member, a radio range signal receiver, a receiving signal circuit, a radio transmitter, a control unit including a first self-latching relay, a selector switch, and a second relay. The door lock system achieves the function that the door can be opened by a remote control unit. When someone uses the selector switch to select an operating mode, the first self-latching relay send a frequency signal.

Figure 14 Patent 1

Then the signal will be received by a radio frequency receiver and a transmitter circuit

transmit the signal to electricity to the striker and open the door.

The wireless remote control lock system invention can be adapted to residential doors and commercial building doors. Therefore, this new type of lock system can be utilized in a wild range in the future.

1. Claims Summaries: There are nineteen claims associated with our project. Claim one is the lock system

comprising a striker assembly, a striker plate member, a control unit, a wireless transmitter, and circuit elements. Claim two talks about the second relay in the control circuit. The third claim talks about a mode selector switch and claim four states that the selector switch is operable in a second position. Claim five introduces the actuator between the first and second switch. The sixth claim is the receiver that contains the first and second switch. The seventh claim explains the control unit. The eighth claim talks about a voltage regulator. The ninth claim is about the transmitter. Claim ten talks about the wireless remote control of the lock system and explains what consist of the wireless remote control very specifically. The eleventh, twelfth, thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth claims are about the circuit, relays, mode selectors and the actuator in the wireless remote control part. The sixteenth claim states the striker, control, wireless transmitter, first and second relays in the lock system. The claims seventeen, eighteen, and nineteen explain the mode selector switches and actuator in the sixteenth claim.

1. Non Infringement: The system design and method behind this patent are controlling the door from a long distance which is similar to our goal. Our project aims to unlock the door using a control panel in a shorter distance than this patent (4-10 meters) and we prepare to use the infrared as the method to receive and send the signals, which is different from this patent using the radio frequency to send and receive the signals. Our project’s target consumers are different from this patent. Our project is more adapted in the residential doors and this patent can be used in residential and commercial doors. The purposes of our project and this patent are also different. This patent is building a system that can control many doors at the same time but our project aims at one door. Also, we use a code control panel to establish a password for the lock to make it safer, but this patent uses a selector to open a door. Clips mentioned above are the non infringement for our project. B.Security door lock with remote control

United States Patent US6076385A This patent was invented by Paul L. Pedroso and Duarte M. Oliveira. It was granted in Jun 20, 2000 and will be described in the next section. 1 ) Summary:

This patent is a lock system for doors with a remote control. The lock can be installed on the wall adjacent to the door frame. The lock system contains the lock, a remote receiver and power controller. The remote receiver is used to receive the signal when user starts the remote control. The power controller supplies the DC power to the receiver and the relays. This lock system provides a manual control for the lock along with indicator lights showing the lock status. It also contains an emergency DC battery. A remote control locks all the doors at the same time and the indicator lights can show the status of the lock. Therefore, this patent provides strong security for the door with a remote control.

Figure 15 Patent 2

1) Claims Summaries:

This patent contains eighteen claims related to our design. Claims 1 through 8 pertain to the components of the security door lock inside the wall. The specifically mean for each component that are in the first claim. The particular items included in the lock part are explained in claim 2 to 8. The ninth claims pertains to the means of remote control transmitter, receiver, sensor, actuator, rods, and a horizontal bar. Moreover, claims 10 to 13 refer to the details of the ninth claim. The details of the rod holder bar, horizontal bar, and the power source have been added through claims 10 to 13. Furthermore, the fourteenth claim is about the steps of making this door lock. Claims 15 to 18 explain the particular method mentioned in the nineteenth claim including generating a signal, extending one rod from holder bar, providing a door sensor, and providing a lever for the sleeve. 1) Non Infringement:

In reference to the security door lock with remote control, there are some similarities in that our project also aims at unlocking the door with the remote control. However, the core functions are different between our project and this patent. The core function of our project is to make it easier for users to open the lock, and at the same time we guarantee the safety of the lock. The core function of this patent is to make sure the lock system is safe by controlling all the door locks at the same time and showing the status of the lock with an indicator light. Depending on this reason, there is no infringement between our project and this patent.

C.Remote control mechanism for a locker

United States Patent US 6185773 B1 This patent was created by Kirby R. Goedde. It was published on Feb 13, 2001.

Figure 16 Patent 3 1 ) Summary: This patent is about a school locker with remote control to achieve the function of locking, opening and beeping. In order to assist students to find their locker easily, this patent uses a key pad transmitter with three buttons to achieve the goal. The first button is utilized to activate a locking mechanism. The second button is used to activate a door opening mechanism and the third button is.used for a sound making device. One electrical circuit is used for the opening and locking device and a different circuit is used for the function of beeping.

2) Claims Summaries: There are six claims which are related to our project contained in this patent. Claim

1 covers the transmitter, a control module, and a door lock in the remote control mechanism. Claim 2 is about a button which transmits a signal contained in the transmitter. Claim 3 talks about the details of solenoid. Claim 4 explains the motor and the lock body in the locker system. Claim 5 states the latch pin in the locker. Claim 6 involves the transducer of the locker.

3) Non Infringement: There is no infringement between this patent and our project. This patent aims to

design a locker system for students to open, lock and find their locker easily. The goal of our project is to make people easier to open the door and make the door safer than the key lock door. Also, we are going to design a code for the lock and it will be more different from this patent.

X. STANDARDS CONSIDERATIONS

Standards are a series of rules which have agreements to ensure that the function and the safety of the product. Today, every product in the market complies with a series of standards in order to guarantee the marketability. In order to make standards for our product properly, we compared the standards of the similar products of us to find the distribution, the growth, and the constraints of the design can be achieved in the process of making our product and make sure that we followed all the proper procedure.

The standardization organizations are aimed to formulate and accredit the standards. The most recognized organizations in our professions are the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE), National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), Underwriters Laboratories (UL), American National Standards Institute (ANSI) and International Organization for Standards (ISO). These reputable companies earn the trust of the people because they assure the products to be safe, reliable, and make sure the functions of the product according to the specifications of the standards are complied in the product.

In this section, we are going to analyze the most relevant standards that will relate to the successful implementation of our product and a detailed description of operating the standards in our product and achieving the expect standard compliance.

A. UL 60370 Standard for Automatic Electrical Controls for Household and Similar Use;

Part 2: Particular Requirements for Electrically Operated Door Locks

This standard applies to electrically operated door locks. It’s closely related with our project. This standard is for all electrically locks which are intended to prevent the opening of doors in equipment for household and similar use. This standard states that it applies to the inherent safety, to the operating values, operating sequences where such are associated with equipment protection, and to the testing of door locks used in, or in association with, household and similar equipment. This standard is also suitable for door locks for appliances within the scope of IEC 60335-1. This standard does not apply to door locks designed exclusively for industrial applications. This standard is also suitable for individual door locks utilized as part of a control system or door locks which are mechanically integral with multi-functional controls having non-electrical outputs. Door locks for equipment not intended for normal household use, but which nevertheless might be used by the public, such as equipment intended to be used by laymen in shops, in light industry and on farms, are within the scope of this standard. This standard claims that it is not restricted to household locks. This standard presents that it applies to door locks with electrical circuits and control circuits which are, for example, operated by magnet coils, memory metals, pressure elements, temperature-sensitive expansion elements or electronic elements. This standard also applies to manual controls when such are electrically or mechanically integral with door locks. Requirements for manual switches not forming part of a door lock are contained in IEC 61058-1. This standard does not take into account the response value of an automatic action of a door lock, if such a response value is dependent upon the method of mounting the door lock in the equipment. Where a response value is of significant purpose for the protection of the user, or surroundings, the value defined in the appropriate household equipment standard or as determined by manufacturer shall apply. It’s an appropriate standard for our project. The rules contained in this standard normalized electrically locks and we can use these standardization to improve our project. Another part of UL 60370 standard UL 60370-2-9 describes the requirements for temperature sensing controls. It is also useful for our project to normalize our sensor include in our project. In order to make our project easy to trade and avoid any kind of plagiarism, we will comply with standards: UL60730 The requirements for operated door locks

B. UL1034 Standard for Burglary-Resistant Electric Locking Mechanisms

This standard is about the burglary-resistance electric locking mechanism. These requirements describe the construction, performance, operation and related devices, such as control units, control switches and power supplies. This standard also state three elements used to determine its maximum effectiveness.

a) Static strength rating of 500 pounds-force (2224 N), 1000 pounds-force (4448 N), or 1500 pounds-force (6673 N). See 55.2.1.

b) Dynamic strength rating of 33 foot-pounds-force (45 J), 50 foot-pounds-force (68 J), or 70 foot-pounds-force (95 J). See 55.3.1.

c) Endurance rating of 100,000 or 250,000 cycles. See 38.2.1.

These are important factors to determine the safety of lock. We consider to apply these requirements to our project. The purpose of this standard is be used in conjunction with an access control system or a manual-release mechanism. The burglary-resistant electric locking mechanism should be constructed so that it either does not interfere with egress through the door or opening cover that is is used to control, or its locking action should be capable of being released as required by the authority having jurisdiction if an emergency egress is required. This standard refers to all types of electric locking mechanisms. In this standard, it declares a product that contains features, characteristics, components, materials, or systems new or different from those covered by the requirements in this standard, and that involves a risk of fire or of electric shock or injury to persons should be evaluated using appropriate additional component and end-product requirements to maintain the level of safety as originally anticipated by the intent of this standard. A product whose features, characteristics, components, materials, or systems conflict with specific requirements or provisions of this standard does not comply with this standard. Revision of requirements should be proposed and adopted in conformance with the methods employed for development, revision, and implementation of this standard.

After discussion, we decide to follow some rules in this standard and make our project more standardized. In order to make our project easy to trade and avoid any kind of plagiarism, we will comply with standards:

UL 1034

The requirements for burglary resistant electric locking mechanism

C. UL61131-2 Standard for Programmable Controllers - Part 2 : Equipment

Requirements and Tests

This is a part of standard IEC 61131 which stipulates requirements and relevant tests for programmable controllers (PLC) and their related peripherals. This standard is intended to use the control and command of machines and industrial processes. PLC and their related peripherals are intended to be used as open or enclosed equipment. If a PLC or its related peripherals are intended for use in other environments, then the specific requirements, standards and installation practices for other environments must be

additionally applied to the PLC and its associated peripherals. This standard can be applied to any products performing the function of PLC or their related peripherals. Equipment covered in this standard is intended to use in over voltage category II ( IEC 60664-1) in low-voltage installations, where the rated mains supply voltage does not exceed a.c. 1 000 V r.m.s. (50/60 Hz), or d.c. 1 500 V. (If PLC or their related peripherals are applied in over voltage category III installations, then additional analysis will be required to determine the suitability of the equipment for those applications.) In this standard, it also contains rules that equipment operating at more than 600 V is considered as high voltage equipment with respect to the requirements in the National Electrical Code. This standard does not deal with the functional safety or other aspects of the overall automated system. The application programming and the related peripherals are considered as components of a control system. PLC safety as related to electric shock and fire hazards, electrical interference immunity and error detecting of the PLC-system operation are addressed. Refer to IEC 60364 or applicable national/local regulations for electrical installation and guidelines. The object of this standard is to establish the definitions and identify the principal characteristics relevant to the selection and application of PLC and the related peripherals. The another object of this standard is to specify the minimum requirements for functional, electrical, mechanical, environmental and construction characteristics, service conditions, safety, EMC, user programming and tests applicable to PLC and the related peripherals.

a) service, storage and transportation requirements for PLC and the related peripherals(Clause 4);

b) functional requirements for PLC and the related peripherals (Clause 5);

c) EMC requirements for PLC and the related peripherals (Clause 8);

d) safety requirements for PLC and the related peripherals (Clause 11);

e) information that the manufacturer is required to supply (Clauses 7, 10 and 14);

f) test methods and procedures that are to be used for the verification of compliance of PLC and the related peripherals with the requirements (Clauses 6, 9, and 12).

This standard is about the programmable controller. We think it’s helpful for our project to manufacture a controller for our lock. Therefore we determine to comply with these requirements when we are building or project. In order to make our project easy to trade and avoid any kind of plagiarism, we will comply with standards:

UL 61131-2

The requirements for the equipment requirements and tests part of programmable controllers.

D. ISO 7240-3:2010(en) Fire detection and alarm systems-Part 3:Audible alarm devices

This standard explains Audible alarm devices contained in fire detection and alarm systems. The purpose of this standard is to specify the requirements, test methods and performance criteria for audible alarm devices intended to signal an audible warning of fire between a detection and alarm system and the occupants of a building. It is intended to cover only those devices which derive their operating power by means of a physical electrical connection to an external source such as a fire alarm system. This standard is also intended to cover audible alarm devices capable of giving voice messages by the application of specific requirements, tests and performance criteria. In our project, we want to make an alarm on the lock to raise the alarm when someone tries to break the lock. Therefore, this standard is useful for us to follow the rules of the alarm part in the standard. This standard contains fire alarm audible alarm devices for two types of application environment, type A for indoor use and type B for outdoor use. The other parts of ISO 7240 standard are also intended to cover

a) loudspeaker-type devices primarily intended for emitting emergency voice messages that are generated from an external audio source

b) supervisory audible alarm devices, e.g. within the control and indicating equipment.

All the rules claimed above are available for our project and we intend to follow some rules in this standard to create a lock alarm in our project. The objective of building an alarm on the lock is to guarantee the safety of the lock in order to make it more receivable around the world. In order to make our project easy to trade and avoid any kind of plagiarism, we will comply with standards: ISO 7240-3(en) The requirements for audible alarm devices

E. UL 2058 Outline of Investigation for High- Security Electronic Locks

This standard is related to the high security electronic locks designed for attachment on doors of safes, chests, vaults and the collects, to provide a means of locking the bolt against unauthorized opening. The purpose of this standard is to test the ability of high-security electronic locks to resist unauthorized opening for a limited period of time. Electronic locks covered by these requirements may or may not have integral protection against entry by force. In the standard, it claims that these requirements cover high-security electronic locks powered by low-voltage primary batteries, or from Class 2 AC or DC power sources with secondary or primary standby batteries, or they generate their own power as a function of their operation. If the power supply for a high security electronic lock is connected to a source of high voltage, the high voltage requirements of the standard for power supplies for use with burglar alarm systems shall be applied to UL603.

After researches, the standard UL 2058 is relevant with our project and can be applicable to implement our project. In order to make our project easy to trade and avoid any kind of plagiarism, we will comply with standards: UL603 The requirements of investigation for high security electronic locks

F. UL 50V Outline of Investigation for Infrared Viewports

Standard UL 50V specifies a fixed aperture, consisting of one or more openings or a solid infrared transmitting media, surrounded by a mounting bezel or frame, that provide a means for the passage of infrared radiation. The purpose of this standard is for factory installation in doors or walls of electrical enclosures for installation in ordinary locations to allow the use of IR scanners for monitoring temperatures of the enclosed equipment on which the viewport is installed, without compromising the integrity of the enclosure with respect to access to live parts. Viewports may be investigated for installation in Type 1 enclosures or enclosures with other environmental ratings. This standard also claims that compliance with these requirements does not assure that the infrared viewport is suitable for use as a component of an end product. For example, accessibility of live parts is investigated with respect to industrial products rated 600 V and below, and additional investigation may be required for products rated over 600 V. The acceptability of an infrared viewport in any particular application depends upon its suitability for continued use under the conditions that prevail in actual service. Accordingly, for a particular application an infrared viewport may be affected by the requirements for the equipment in which it is used, and it may be necessary to additionally evaluate that infrared viewport for features or performance characteristics that are not specified in this outline of investigation. In summary, some requirements contained in this standard are not completely suitable for our project, so we decide to test the infrared remote controller of our project and comply with the requirements which can be adopted in our project. In order to make our project easy to trade and avoid any kind of plagiarism, we will comply with the standards: UL 50V The requirements of the infrared viewports of the project Below is a summary of the whole standards that are related to our project to make an implementation of the product: UL 60370 Standard for Automatic Electrical Controls for Household and Similar Use; Part 2: Particular Requirements for Electrically Operated Door Lock UL1034 Standard for Burglary-Resistant Electric Locking Mechanisms UL61131-2 Standard for Programmable Controllers - Part 2 : Equipment Requirements and Tests ISO 7240-3:2010(en) Fire detection and alarm systems-Part 3:Audible alarm devices UL 2058 Outline of Investigation for High- Security Electronic Locks UL 50V Outline of Investigation for Infrared Viewports

XI.GLOBALIZATION

Ever since humans began to cultivate land, there has been a need to protect one’s property, especially one’s home. As time passed and technology increased, humans began to employ locks to secure such items. Although other areas of technology have improved over time, it seems as though the lock has remained relatively the same; even today traditional key locks are used on homes, apartments, businesses, and many other buildings. These “traditional locks” are made of mechanical components, which allows for breaches of security as people can unlock these without the key. A potential way around this type of breach is to remove the physical key from the equation and to employ digital locks. However, this digital lock will be influenced by local, global, intercultural issues, how to solve this problem become the main point for us. Our technology and the desire for it seem to grow hand in hand. As our society progresses, more people will be willing to change accept new technologies. A prime example of this can be seen each time a new Apple product is released. During this time, people stand in line and wait just to get the newest product. Although, Apple has a large pool of “early adopters” that can be fanatical, it seems as though this is a trend that is becoming more prominent across all technology. While we do not believe that people will wait in line for days for a digital lock, we do believe that people will be open to this product and will readily replace traditional locks with digital ones. There are many benefit of digital locks including the eradication of physical keys and increased security, but these locks will have a higher price which could prevent some from adopting it. However, as indicated by Moore’s Law, the cost prohibitive nature of the technology will decrease over time. In this respect, our product will have a reduced price without sacrificing security or convenience. Due to the desire for the increased security, convenience and decreased price, we believe that our product has the potential to be successful at a global level. We realize that global acceptance is one of the most important benchmarks for success, which is why we chose it as our standard. This will propel us forward and drive us to constantly improve our product for our consumers. As globalization has both advantages and disadvantages, we will consider all the factors when constructing our product. In order for our product to stand out amongst competitors, we will minimize the cost and maintain craftsmanship, performance, and universal compatibility. Our product must be acceptable around the world and in order to so, it will meet all nations’ standards before being introduced into the market. In the following paragraphs, we will introduce the items things we considered when designing our product. A. GLOBAL AWARENESS Global Awareness is a key factor to ensure a successful design. The differences and similarities among individuals and groups are key components to consider. Some of these include age, ethnicity, gender, cognitive ability, religion, culture, family situations, experiences, sexual orientation, and many more. Thus before designing, our

brainstorming included a significant portion of time to consider the universal nature of our design. We identified that people feel very strongly about home security as well as the cost of security. Due to this, our product’s security must be robust and have a price that is acceptable by the potential customers. As confidence can be conferred upon a product by receiving accreditation by an independent organizations, we will strive to earn the accreditation of the World Lock Industry Association (WLIA). This accreditation will facilitate global acceptance and ensure that our product is safe. B. GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE In order to develop a global perspective, it is necessary to understand worldwide business. Included in this is to establish a link between ourselves and others around the world. We have the advantage of designing our product at Florida International University because of the variety of cultures and points of view. This will allow us to gain valuable insight into worldwide opinions via our survey. In doing so, we will be able to understand requirements of potential consumers. Another benefit, intrinsic to our team, is our diversity. When combined, the survey results and our team will enable us to connect to nearly all cultures of the world. C. GLOBAL ENGAGEMENT The international standard for Burglary-resistant electric locking mechanisms (UL 1034-2000) provided us standards from which we designed our product. Furthermore, our team personally conducted a survey in our university on students from around the world. This provided us with valuable feedback about our product. Aside from this, our senior design mentor gave us his real experience and advice to help improve our product. After we conclude the survey and had a meeting for “Global Engagement”, we were surprised to find that our design has a social, financial and cultural impact around the world. Initially we assumed that our product would be accepted all over the world, but we soon realized that there were some minor changes necessary to accommodate global engagement of the WLIA; most notably, we must comply with the regulation of the World Trade Organization (WTO) and organizations, such as the International Standardizing Organization (ISO), the International Electro Technical Commission (IETC), and the International Association for Electronic Electric and Automation Engineering (IAEEAE), which are responsible for controlling standards related to products such as ours. These rules and regulations are set, and all must be obeyed in order to be successful at the global level. D. WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION[4] The World Trade Organization (WTO) is an international organization that deals with the rules of trade between nations. This organization functions based on the WTO agreements. These agreements were negotiated, ratified, and signed by the participating nations. Ultimately, these were put in place to help producers, exporters, and importers conduct business fairly. [4] WTO has many principles to make trade free and transparent between all participating nations. The pertinent principles will be discussed below.; these principles apply to agriculture, textiles and clothing, banking, telecommunications,

government purchases, industrial standards and product safety, food sanitation regulations, intellectual property, and many more industries.

1) Trade without Discrimination No country should discriminate against trading partners. All WTO members should be fair and equitable when trading with other members. Under this principle, a nation must not favor one nation over another; nor should a nation give special favors to one over another. Also, a nation must treat locally-produced and imported goods equally once they have entered the market.

2) Freer Trade Members are encouraged to lower trade barriers. In this respect, the barriers refer to duties, tariffs, and measure that selectively restrict quantities (such as bans and quotas). WTO member are also encouraged to discuss the reduction of bureaucratic issues including exchange rates and “red tape”. The idea behind this is to promote trade as well as make it easier to trade.

3) Predictability Behind this principles it to encourage members to be predictable. Although this seems very simple, the predictable nature of a nation can do much to facilitate trade. For example, if a country has very strict standards for important food products and uniformly applies them, other members know what is expected and can make adjustments accordingly. This principle also allows members to understand the economic future of itself as well as other members. Predictability and stability go hand in hand and ensure the confidence of members when trading.

4) Promoting Fair Competition The WTO encourages all members to partake in open, fair, and undistorted competition. This principles prevents instances such as members creating excessive barriers to entry or using subversive pricing techniques to gain an unfair advantage. While this issue is a complex one, it is designed to allow all members to play on a level field; there are also provide an avenue for recourse in the event of a member violate the principle.

5) Encouraging Development and Economic Reform While this principle is aimed at development of less-developed nations, it also is concerned with flexibility for these nations. Development refers to the progress of a nation’s economy to market economies. In order to achieve this development, the developing nations are generally allowed some assistance and concessions to allow them to compete.

6) The Principle of Transparency WTO members are advocated to reduce tariffs and trade barriers through negotiations based on the operator’s rights and obligations, implied by their own economic situation and competitiveness, reduce tariff and trade barriers through negotiations, then gradually opening up the market and achieve trade liberalization.

7) The Principle of Liberalization Liberalization principle is in order to promoting freedom of trade

development, people limiting and the removal of all hampered and blocked for international trade, which including laws, regulations, policies and measures.

8) The Principle of Market Access Market access principle is the principle that make foreign country’s goods, services and capital adequate to join in the market. This principle allows all the countries, based on their level of development, to gradually open up the market within a certain period, then achieve trade liberalization.

E. ELIMINATING BARRIERS Due to globalization, we believe that the success of our product is directly related to its performance. In order to achieve this goal, we must consider the potential barriers and how to overcome them. Our barriers can include governmental forms, such as regulations and standards. We have realized that the best method to solve the trade barriers is to ensure that our design follows the standards which are set up by the authoritative world organizations. For example, we have studied some rules which listed by IEEE and ensure that our product will comply with all international standards, in order to eliminate trade barriers and make sure the design will be a successful one. F. COLLABORATION TOOLS When our team started on our project, we made a plan on how to accomplish our goals based on a set schedule. As a team, we need cooperate in order to stay on track according to our schedule. In the case of an unforeseen events, we understand that meeting each week may not be possible. To overcome this we have decided to use tools, such as Skpye and phone conferencing, to meet. Furthermore, we created a Google Drive folder in which we store and share all the useful materials with the entire team. Another issue arose from our international team; some members will leave the country during winter break. This will be dealt with via e-mail, and the previously mentioned tools, in order to meet our deadlines. G. INTERNATIONAL CONTACTS In order to know whether our project can has potential on the market, we spend time to talked with some contacts in China and Germany. We gave them our idea and our brief explanation of our project to them, then got some feedback from them. So we summarized what have gained from these international contacts in the next following paragraphs. Our first international contact was a mechanical engineer in China, Mr. ZhenQiang Li from Company of Shenhua, Beijng, China. We asked the flaws of traditional lock and shared our idea, which let electrical and mechanical technology combined to make a lock. He considered our idea is a pretty good idea and our idea solved many flaws in mechanical lock. He said although there are some electrical locks in global market now, the price of them are very expensive, and our product’s price are very low, so we have a great opportunity to beat them in the market. Our second international contact was an electrical engineering in Germany, Mr. Konrad Adenauer from a lock company named Dirak. He introduced us that people are very care about the safety for their houses in European, but seldom people changed their lock, because most of them don't have enough money to buy a high price electrical lock

for their door. After we introduced our design, he said our product will help people save a lot of money and get more security for their family. Furthermore, he considered that we can promote our product to the whole world so that all the people can enjoy the benefits of our product. In conclusion, based on our international contact, we all think that the Chinese market is the most potential market in the world. Because China has a lot of industry companies, and the labor fee in China is cheap, so we can minimize our product as low as possible. Our international contracts inspired us how to improve our design and their advice will help compete with existing products in the future market. Now we believe that if we considered the all the requirements for globalization, our product will be a success in the future.

XII. HEALTHY AND SAFETY

The designers can affect the user’s health if they don’t design for sustainability or if their designs are not safe. Therefore the health and safety of the product is really important to our project. There’s one word recorded by World Health Organization, “Health is a state of complete physical, mental and society well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.” It is vital for us to make a safety manual for people who wants to buy our product. The purpose of our safety manual is to avoid any risk that may be harmful to the users. Some standard safety practices and rules will be contained in our project in order to protect the safety and health of the users. The standard such as “All devices using 120 Volts AC power should use the copper wire from the value 14AWG to carry up to 20A, to 10 AWG to carry up to 30A. ( National Electrical Code Table 310.16).” will be the basic rule in our safety manual. The designers are the crucial part to minimize the risks while building the product. The equipment and materials can also be harmful to our health and safety. So we are planning to manufacture a manual for users to follow so that we can play our role better in the process of solving the safety and health problems. Actually, safety and health issues are the foundation of the product and need to be solved through amount of researches before designing the other part of the products. The safety and health issues are not just about the users but also about the designers. As the designers, we will spend much time on practicing to operate the instrument during the process of the building our project. We will focus on how to operate the equipment correctly first and follow the general safety rules such as avoid wearing rings, metallic watchbands and other metallic objects when working near high voltage environment and avoid working alone. The other rules like avoid working hot circuits and contacting with the contents of any broken electric component are also important for us. The dangers can be roughly divided to two variants. One is concealed dangers, another is obvious dangers. After researching, we will claim two kinds of dangers in our safety manual. The concealed dangers of our new type door lock could be the accidentally electric shock when inputting the password on the keyboard. The obvious dangers could be finger may be hit when the lock is closing. We need to consider all the conditions that may cause the injuries to the users and solve these problems before designing and testing the product.

For the safety and health issues of our project, we will provide a manual that contains the instruction for users to follow to use our product correctly. We will also provide all the email of the designers for users to contact in order to explain all the potential questions of the product. In conclusion, the safety and health of the users are the most important part in our project and we concerned all the potential dangers very carefully. We believe the users will be satisfied with the work we make for the safety of the users. We will also fix all the mistakes we make in the safety manual if users contact with us and help users to find the solution to solve the safety problems.

XIII.ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATION

The most important environmental issues of a product include how to dispose the waste of the product and how to recycle the waste material of the product. After our team members are aware of how important the environmental issues are, we decide to make a plan to make the negative effect of our product to environment to be as minimum as we can. The first issue we need to focus is the the waste of the electrical product. “e-waste” or “Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment”, normally we called them WEEE. WEEE is a waste type material including unwanted or broken electrical appliance. Many components of such equipment are considered as toxic or not biodegradable so we take much count of the waste material of our project. The second environmental issue is about the RoHS (The Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive). The RoHS directive restricts the use of six hazardous materials in the manufacture of various types of the electrical equipment. The six substances which are restricted are below: • Lead(Pb) • Mercury • Cadmium • Hexavalent chromium (Chromium VI or Cr6+) • Polybrominated biphenyls (PBB) • PBDE (polybrominated diphenyl ether) • PBB and PBDE are flame retardants used in some plastics. Our project remote control door lock complies with all the rules in RoHS. We especially paid attention to avoid using the materials stated in the RoHS. The third issue we concentrate on is the Hannover principles. The power consumption of our project is very low close to 30 to 40 volts, but we still try to find the ways to make our product more sustainable. The Hannover principles can help us to achieve the goal to make our product more environmental friendly. We can maximize the long term value if we comply with the beneficial Hannover principles.The Hannover principles are beneficial for us to make our product more sustainable are below: 1. The fourth principle: “Accept responsibility for the consequences of design decisions upon human, the viability of natural systems and their right to co-exist” 2. The fifth principle: “Do not burden future generations with requirements for maintenance or vigilant administration of potential danger due to the careless creation of products, processes or standards.”

3. The sixth principle: “Eliminate the concept of waste. Evaluate and optimize the full life-cycle of products and processes, to approach the state of natural systems. in which there is no waste.” 4. The eighth principle: “Understand the limitations of design. No human creation lasts forever and design does not solve all problems. Those who create and plan should practice humility in the face of nature. Treat nature as a model and mentor, not as an inconvenience to be evaded or controlled. The Hannover principles stated above is the guarantee of making our product achieve the long term value. Also, we care about the convenient disassemble of our product. We consider to make a manual to take down our lock on the door very easily and dismantle the lock very easily for users. We will make the disassemble procedure as simple as setting up the lock on the door and make every components in the lock very easy to take down. The last issue we need to concern about the effect to environment is to recycle the electrical and electronic materials contained in our product. In order to comply with the Life Cycle Assessment( LCA) appropriately to improve the the effect of our product in environmental aspects and potential aspects, we avoid using the using the materials consist in RoHS and use the LED screen made by glass which are biodegradable to ensure to maximize the long term value of our product. We consider our product minimize the risk which can be harmful to health and environment. We use a software of LCA to simulate the major components in infrared remote control door lock. The figure below shows the major components in software LCA evaluation for infrared remote control door lock:

Figure 17 LCA for Infrared remote control door lock

We also use SimaPro 7.0 to evaluate the effect of Infrared remote control door lock for human health and environment. The software we use is Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA). As the figure below shows, we can find out the impacts of our product on human health, ecosystem quality and resources. The first figure below shows the impact of product on three aspects, the second figure shows the impact on categories to indicate our product is environmental friendly:

Figure 18 LCTA for Infrared remote control door lock

Figure 19 LCIA for Infrared remote control door lock by category

XIV. SUSTAINABILITY CONSIDERATIONS

In today’s global market, it is necessary to produce some products and services which are not only satisfy environmental safety, but also satisfy sustainable. So, an important question remind us, “How will the code lock be a good product to achieve a long-term value?” In this world, we have many sources, so selecting components which to make product common, environmentally, user friendly, and circulation are what we need to consider. Our destination is to design a device which not only can be used for a long term, but also it can be recycle the materials when people replace it. At the same time, we are going to low the price to let customer enjoy the best product. The 51SCM is a normal material for our design, and people can buy it from everywhere, but in order to make the product sustainability, we need to find some way to improve our design. Firstly, we will do the survey to find out the most useful and the best quality materials in this world, actually, we have already found it from China, and the price in China is also the best for us. We believe that when our product is introduced to the people, it will present a new window to improve this product. And there will be a majority of recommendations which from the customers and factories. Then we will adopt these advice to achieve our goal, which means make the product more efficiency. When our code lock reaches a milestone point, we hope that our design will be one of the standards in the official design. From some ideas on internet, we are planning to use reliable components which make every components run smoothly, each selection is to ensure that our product will run properly. The most important part, which means using infrared and code will interact through 51SCM. The product used in these ways include an infrared receiver and a LED to prove whether the code is correct. This kind of technology usually used on safe box, seldom company use this on a code lock. We believe that even if our product have to be replaced in the future, our technology will be revolutionary. After we design or produce our product, we will find that some components are not necessary or can be replaced by others. For example, when we plan to use PCB board to test our design, we found that if we use bread board to replaced, we can connect it to my DAQ, so we can see how much voltage or current or other materials, based on that, we will try to improve our design. In the second procedure of our design, we are going to use 51SCM to be our main control in our design, but when we found that the same one in different place have a large different price, we reconsidered our design, try to find that whether the quality of two same components have the same quality. After did a survey on this kind of 51 SCM, we found that we can replace it by using cheaper one but same quality, which will let our product achieve sustainability. Because most of our product’s components will be put in a very small box, so we need to organize the room when we make the code lock, because costumer want to use a small lock but achieve all the functions. After we organize all the room in this box, we will try to connect it to a physical lock, which means mechanical lock. And if necessary, we will do many test on customer’s house for free, make sure they satisfy our product, then produce it.

When designing a code lock, we need to take care of every components which we need to set up together. We think that our design’s technology doesn’t need be maintained too many times, because if it broken or have some problem, we can supply the warranty to the customer. Also, it will never expired. Once we achieve our goal, which help people save a lot of money and get more security on their house, our design will become one of the most important standards for lock field.

XV. MANUFACTURABILITY CONSIDERATIONS

In this section, we will present our opinion on how to produce a successful product by manufacture, which considered the most important process in the final of our design. In this procedure, we will take care of the design which have kinds of perspectives and let some manufacturer evaluate our project. This so important process can let we know that whether we are creating a product that will which will have an easy way in manufacturing, which not only influence our future life, but also a strategy to perfect our plan. If our product have some problem on manufacturing process, all the procedure which follows our plan will be shown before it sells on the market. Design for manufacturability, which we call it DFM, is the key process of designing products, which our goal is to optimize all the processes in manufacturing. In the rule of 10, it tells us that repair and find the problem will cost about 10 times greater than make the product, so we must find all the mistake in our plan and action. We think that the DFM will help us to define the best price, product quality, compliance, and reliability in standard regulations. In the next few following paragraph, we will describe how we are applying DFM to our design by discussing the rules. A. Strictly selection on components

One of the method that we are going to use in our design is using standard components. This important process will make sure that our product will be produced in correct ways. For example, we will use some common parts such as everyone use it before and these parts can be bought from everywhere. When we want to buy the led screen, we found that some types of led can be bought everywhere, but some of them just can be bought in developed countries. In conclusion, we can make sure our customers trust us, low the costs of product, and make a easy manufacturing process by using standard components. B. Easy to Assemble

Our product will be assemble by manufacturing and ourselves, so the user just need to use a remote to test whether it work. The customer don’t need to worry about assembling any parts, even the battery. The user can replace the battery after using it for several years, which is a usual process on electronic devices. F. Easy to fabricate The infrared detector in our design is fundamental modular of all the parts which already used before. In order to put them together, we eliminated the possibility of many errors

by testing assemble of our product, which to ensure that all the components run properly. Also, we are considering whether test all the components to ensure that all parts are inspected so we can eliminate the costs which we don't need to spend on further. C. Simplifying the design

Another important aspect of our design is the simplification, which will give us more benefits. If we simplify the design, it will ensure that our product is safe, add its reliability to customer, and it can help us to create a durable product. We plan to low the budget by reducing the number of parts, but not low the quality of the parts. Our main destination is to ease the manufacturing process, not only to save money. Our team believe that if we obey the above rule to make our product, we will make less mistakes in our process, then we can produce a satisfied product to customer. Another important thing which we paid more attention was the analysis of the committed cost, which show in the figure. In this figure, we can see that all the procedures need to be done in order to make a better product. As the figure shows, if we make wrong or bad decisions in the early of our design, if we don't correct it right away, this mistake will drag on through the process and we will paid more energy and effort to correct all the influence.

Figure 20 product cummulative cost per phase/time XVI.ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS AND SOCIAL IMPACT Ethics will influence one’s or a group’s behavior when they design something. Any opinion or advice could be ethical. All the teams must upheld ethical standards. These kinds of standards can have a strong impact on our decisions. Whenever some ethical standards are violated by some teams, they can be considered as unethical. Ethical standards includes honesty, fairness, responsible and so on.

A. Ethical Considerations

Ethical considerations can be utilized on both individuals and groups, even the whole society as well. Sometimes the individuals may be affected by a group or other team members. In order to obey the ethical considerations when we design our project, we need to study the IEEE code to avoid ethical problems. We present the IEEE code of ethics, to reminder us that we are following these codes all the time. (REF: 7.8 IEEE code of ethics, Professional Activities). 1. To accept responsibility in making decisions consistent with the safety, health, and welfare of the public, and to disclose promptly factors that might endanger the public or the environment. 2. To avoid real or perceived conflicts of interest whenever possible, and to disclose them to affected parties when they do exist. 3. To be honest and realistic in stating claims or estimates based on available data. 4. To reject bribery in all its forms. 5. To improve the understanding of technology, it is appropriate application, and potential consequences. 6. To maintain and improve our technical competence and to undertake technological tasks for others only if qualified by training or experience, or after full disclosure of pertinent limitations. 7. To seek, accept, and offer honest criticism of technical work, to acknowledge and correct errors, and to credit properly the contributions of others. 8. To treat fairly all persons and to not engage in acts of discrimination based on race, religion, gender, disability, age, national origin, sexual orientation, gender identity, or gender expression. 9. To avoid injuring others, their property, reputation, or employment by false or malicious action. 10. To assist colleagues and co-workers in their professional development and to support them in following this code of ethics. In order to obey these ethical codes, we will accept any kinds of suggestions and criticism from others. All of us think these advices and criticism are important to our product. According to the safety and health of the public, we will focus more on custom’s feeling of our product, then make sure they are willing to buy it. When we designing our product, our main ethical dilemma is some poor people still think our product is too expensive, so they have to bear the risk of theft in their family, even form a gap with rich people. Although traditional lock is cheaper, it just contains basic mechanical principle. Our product make mechanical and electrical technology combined, so we have to raise the price, this will make us in to a dilemma. In order to solve this problem, all we can do is to find somewhere can use less money to produce the same quality product, and finally we found that China is the best choice. In order to solve this dilemma issue, our team came up with 4 schemes shown in the following Table. Each scheme has a different result when we decide which one to choose.

Table 10 Ethical Solutions Opinion # Option Description

1 Expensive components to make sure the lock works well and long life

2 Normal price components with installation

3 Normal price components and instruct how to install the lock

4 Cheap components and instruct how to install the lock.

The Table introduces the evaluations of each option. The weighted score is based on Utilitarianism, Egoism, Rights, and Kantian.

Table 11 Ethical Evaluations Option# Utilitarianism Egoism Kantian Rights Score

1 1 0.5 0.25 0.5 2.25

2 0.75 0.25 0.25 0.75 2.0

3 0.5 0.75 0.25 1 2.5

4 0.25 0.25 0.5 0.25 1.25

From the Table XXX Ethical Evaluations, we can see that Option 2 has the highest score. Its means that most of people willing to use normal components and install the product by themselves, because they can save a lot of money by choosing this method. Therefore, when we designing our product, we will follow the best option to satisfied customers, and make the maximum benefit for each side. B. SOCIAL IMPACTS

1) Local Culture In our daily life, safety is a major concern both in work and home. Although technology has advanced significantly, we still use physical documents for sensitive information such as financial statements and personal. Protecting items such as these and all other valuables that are found in houses/apartments, most important of all human lives, robust security of the perimeter is necessary. One of the simplest, yet effective methods to securing a home is a strong lock on the doors. While traditional locks are relatively safe, they are not infallible. For example, thieves have the ability to pick locks. Also,

keys can be lost, which reduces the effectiveness of the lock. Traditional locks also have the inconvenience of requiring the user to carry a key. Therefore, one could be forced to carry multiple keys in an age when people are constantly looking to synchronize different facets of life. In respect to this, a remote or password controlled lock could solve the two aforementioned shortcomings of traditional locks. As science and technology continues to advance, the need for security in the digital sphere has also grown. A remote or password controlled lock has the potential to achieve increase safety. The desire for high technology and security gave birth to the idea of password controlled locks replacing traditional locks. These new locks are safe, low cost, low power consumption, easy to operate, and require a password rather than a key. Furthermore, our previous survey revealed that approximately 10% of people’s homes had been burglarized and felt a traditional lock is not sufficient. Also, more than 84% wanted to try the infrared remote control lock, which indicates the potential success of this product. Our product clearly has the potential to positive social impacts. It has the ability to make the life easier for users, while also ensuring security and peace of mind. An additional benefit of our design is that users will never need to worry about forgetting the keys at home or locking themselves out of the house. In order to provide a viable product, our team will improve on existing locks by allowing the user to control the lock from great distances.

2) Global Culture

Aside from the improvements to individuals’ lives, this product can improve the security of organizations, governments, as well as other entities. Our product also has the potential to stimulate economies with trickle down effects. For example, this device could be adapted for storage companies or banks. If this is accomplished, the users could grant access on an individual basis and be able to record exactly who activated the lock. Another global applications is that this product can be implemented into less developed parts of the world to stimulate economic growth. Certain part of the world suffer from corruption and theft; both of these can be reduced with our product. An example of this would be to secure vulnerable locations, such as voting locations, in order to prevent tampering with the polls. Not only would this secure the results, but it also has the potential to provide increased stability to regions and promote democracy wherever implemented. We recognize the effect of ethical dilemmas, as well as the impact on local and global

culture, on our product’s ability to achieve large scale acceptance. Our ethical considerations included the IEEE code of ethics, IEEE 551-2006, IEEE 14143.1-2000，

IEEE 450 INT 1-2005, IEEE C 37.59-2007, and IEEE NESCIR552-2008. Granted that all ethical dilemmas and social impacts are carefully considered, our project has the potential

to be accepted globally and will revolutionize the way that people use locks.

XVII.CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT

In order to reach a decision with scientific validity, concept development is commonly used. In this method, various possibilities are explored. After a thorough investigation, the most viable alternative is selected. During this analysis it is imperative to consider the impact of various factors on the product before selecting the best option form different combinations. Tables and data analysis, we calculate the respective weights of various properties which help to make to make informed decisions. In our project, we considered four alternatives. Each of these alternative has differing characteristics which will be evaluated in this chapter. Our final decision will be assisted by a weight table, which assigns different values of importance to different characteristics. After careful analysis, we will select the most viable alternative. The figure below demonstrates our concept fan.

Figure 21 Concept Fan

A. ALTERNATIVE OPTIONS Differing combinations of features can reflect the different properties of our product. In order to make our products successful and to achieve maximum efficiency, a variety of options will be considered. This section will introduce the four alternative which will be explored. The main components of our product are the Micro Controller, Screen, and Password Storage. We considered two different options for each of these components, as shown in the concept fan. In the case of the Micro Controller, STC89c51 and AT90S1200 were considered. LCD and LED were considered for the Screen. AT24C02 and

ATMega88 were considered for Password Storage. Between the two Micro Controllers, STC89c51 is the most widespread used SMC and has superior adaptability and stability. However, AT90S1200 has superior speed and computing ability. The choice between LCD and LED was not a difficult one due to our product’s needs. Although LED has a far superior performance, LCD is the much more suitable for our project. Similar to the two Micro Controllers, the Password Storage options require careful consideration. Generally, AT24C02 has greater ability to resist interference and is a more stable system, but ATMega88 can rewrite more than 100,000 times and has larger storage space. In the next part, we will consider our four alternatives and explore their advantages and disadvantages.

Alternative 1

Figure 22 Alternative 1 Configuration

Alternative 1 combines the STC89c51 (Micro Controller), LCD (Screen), and AT24C02 (Password Storage). This combination was created as this is the most suitable and common combination. In this configuration STC89c51 provides great adaptability, LCD is stable, and AT24C02 can execute quickly with no mistakes. Advantages Disadvantages

a. Project will be stable b. Limited mistakes c. LCD facilitates connection d. Ease of establishment e. Lowest cost alternative

a. Low writing speed b. High power burden. c. Low display effect.

Alternative 2

Figure 23 Alternative 2 Configuration

Alternative 2 is very similar to Alternative 1 in the only the Password Storage component is changed. This alternative has the following components: STC89c51 (Micro Controller), LCD (Screen), and ATMega88 (Password Storage). In this configuration, the Password Storage component has the better performance, larger storage space, and a greater ability to rewrite. However, this may not be the most needed capability for our project. Advantages Disadvantages

a. Ease of establishment b. Large storage space c. Greater ability to rewrite d. Faster speed for changing password

a. High cost b. More difficult connection c. Not stable d. Lower display performance

Alternative 3

Figure 24 Alternative 3 Configuration

Alternative 3 was constructed of a AT90S1200 (Micro Controller), LED (Screen), and AT24C02 (Password Storage). This configuration allows for increased running speed and has better performance. The use of the LED screen, enabled superior display performance, but severely reduces the lifetime of our project. Advantages Disadvantages

a. Improved display performance b. Faster running speed c. High display performance quality

a. High power consumption b. High power burden c. High cost d. Difficult to establish

Alternative 4

Figure 25 Alternative 4 Configuration

Alternative 4 combined the AT90S1200 (Micro Controller), LCD (Screen), and ATMega88 (Password Storage). This alternative is very efficient due to its components; the writing speed is increased while the power burden is decreased. Advantages Disadvantages

a. Highly efficiency b. Faster running speed c. Low power burden

a. Difficult to establish b. High cost c. Not a stable system d. Lower display performance

B. CONCEPT SELECTION

In order to remove personal bias from the selection process, we considered the relative importance of differing objectives. A table was used in order to calculate weighing factors; the results of which are displayed below.

Table 12 Weighted Scores of Objectives

Stability Ease of Establishment High

Efficiency Low Cost G.Mean w

Stability 1 1 5 3 1.97 0.28 Ease of Establishment 1 1 3 3 1.32 0.19

High Efficiency 5 3 1 1 1.97 0.28 Low Cost 3 3 1 1 1.73 0.25

Total 6.98 1

The values of the different combinations range from 1 to 5. In this table, 1 indicates that the row’s objective is equal to the column’s objective; 3 indicates moderate and 5 indicates strong. The table was populated with our project’s objectives, each pair was rated, and then the G.Mean and weight were calculated. The G.Mean and w (weight), shown in the table, was calculated using the following equations: !.#$%& = ()*(+*(,*…(.

/ 0� �

! = #.%&'( )*+',� From the previous table our team discovered that the weight of stability (0.28), ease of establishment (0.19), high efficiency is (0.28), and low cost (0.25). Following this, we created an alternative section table (below). Frist, our team considered if the alternatives were safe and stable. Our inspection revealed that each alternative satisfied these conditions. Following this, we rated the stability, ease of establishment, efficiency, and the cost of each alternate; the weighing factors were then multiplied by the rating in order to produce scores for each alternative.

Table 13 Alternative Selection Table

Constraints Alternative 1 Alternative 2 Alternative 3 Alternative 4 Safe Yes Yes Yes Yes

Stable Yes Yes Yes Yes

Objectives w Alternative 1 Alternative 2 Alternative 3 Alternative 4 Stability 0.28 5 1.40 4 1.12 4 1.12 4 1.12

Ease of establishment 0.19 5 0.95 3 0.57 3 0.57 3 0.75 High efficiency 0.28 3 0.84 5 1.40 4 1.12 5 1.40

Low Cost 0.25 4 1.00 3 0.75 3 0.75 3 0.75 4.19 3.84 3.56 4.02

As shown in the table above, Alternative 1 received the highest score which indicated that it was the best alternative for our project. Although Alternative 1 had the highest score, Alternative 4 was a very close second place so if should be considered as well. Alternative 2 and 3 had very high performing components, but the combination of

the components was not as cost effect nor easy to establish. When considering the end product, a lock mechanism for house (or other similar door) door, a display component is needed and the LCD screen will suffice. The lock must also be stable, safe, and low cost. To accomplish this, the STC89c51 Micro Controller will be used. Although the AT90S1200 is more developed than the STC89c51, for this project it is more important to consider the connection, stability, and ease of establishment; this is most applicable for our selection. In terms of the Password Storage component, the ATMega88 proved to be is too advanced to establish in our lock system.

XVIII.END PRODUCT DESCRIPTION AND OTHER DELIVERABLES

In this section, we will have a clear description of end product for an infrared remote control lock and functions of each component of the project, as will the specifications of the part of the design; our lock will be used on doors such as those found on houses, but will not be applicable to vehicle’s doors. This is the concept development we followed and it indicates how we will deal with the idea for the design we will achieve. A. END PRODUCT DESCRIPTION Our product will be a multi-function lock. The lock can be securely mounted on the door and will be controlled by an infrared remote control or password; while maintaining security, our product will be safe and easy to use. This device will be constructed primarily of metal. In general the installation procedure will be design to be very simple so the product will be widely applicable and accepted Visually, our product will look similar to the locking mechanisms found on hotel doors. Although this appearance may not be aesthetically pleasing, it can be easily modified. Ideally in the eyes of the customer, the appearance will be completely customizable. However, this would reduce the economies of scale established when producing a uniform product. In light of this, we plan to conduct a survey and research current trends in order to design an acceptable appearance. Users will be able to gain access using a password or an infrared remote control. When using the password option, the system will have the ability to recognize if the input it correct or incorrect. If correct, the lock will open and the door can be opened. If incorrect, the user will have to re-input the password. If the password is incorrectly input three times consecutively, as a safety feature, the lock will not accept any more inputs; not even the correct password will work at this point. To override this, the administrative password must be used. When using the remote control option, the device will unlock once the remote is within the sight distance of the sensor. B. FUNCTIONS

The design is based on the principles of infrared remote control and our product will use the infrared remote control technique to build a remote controlled lock. An improvement to existing systems that we will incorporate is the ability to use a password, rather than just the remote. In this section, we will discuss our project’s functions. The functions are divided into three levels: level 0, 1, and 2.

Level 0 The diagram below demonstrates the overall functionality of the infrared remote control lock. The first diagram shows that the product will work only when it has a power supply and input signal. When this occurs, the SCM system will provide an output signal; this process will be stable and smooth. Below the diagram, our product is described verbally rather than with a diagram.

Figure 26 Level 0 Functionality Block Diagram

Table 14 Level 0 Lock functionality

Module SCM System Inputs Input signal voltage: 5V Outputs Control signal determining to unlock or lock the smart lock Functionality The input /output signal will be recognized as binary; “1” means unlock and

“0”means lock

Level 1

When the key provides an infrared signal, it will be received by the sensor inside the lock and transfer it to an electric signal. The electric signal will go through the SCM system, which will analyze the signal and produce an output signal. The output signal will be received by the second sensor. If the signal is “+”, the lock will unlock; receiving a “-” signal will prompt the user to try again. As previously mentioned, if the user inputs the password incorrectly he/she will be locked out and a built-in siren will screech.

Figure 27 Level 1 infrared remote control lock block diagram

Table 15 Level 1 infrared remote control lock block diagram

Module Infrared remote control lock Input Infrared signal Output Electric signal with “+” and “-“

Built-in siren Lock device

Functionality Lock or unlock and siren screech when necessary

Level 2

Within the SCM system, there is a clock circuit which will produce the clock signal inside the system via a self-excited oscillator; a block diagram of this can be seen below.

Figure 28 Level 2 Block Diagram

Table 16 Level 2 Clock and Reset circuit

Module Clock and Reset circuit Input Infrared signal Output High and low level electric signal Functionality Deal with input signal and send it to SCM system Capacitance C3 and Y1 have the task of maintaining a stable frequency and fast start. The magnitude is about 5-30 pF, but the typical value is 30 pF; this is shown below.

11.0592MHz

30pF

Figure 29 Clock Circuit

Our reset circuit, shown below, will function in the event of a high level hold two cycle. The simplest automatic reset circuit is realized by the capacitor of external reset circuit charge and discharge. As long as the rate of increase of Vcc is less than 1ms, it can realize the automatic power-on reset. In addition to the power-on reset, it may also be necessary to press the manual reset occasionally. In order to provide for this eventuality, our design provides a reset button (shown below). Resetting can be accomplished by the manual reset level mode and pulse mode. Reset is done by RST (9) Terminal and the power supply Vcc.

10k

10uF

S4VCC 9

Figure 30 Reset Circuit By analyzing the output signal, the system will take the proper action depending on whether the signal is high or low level. A high level signal will tell the device to unlock; low level will prompt the user to try again and/or make the built-in siren screech. As a whole, this system is stable and reliable.

C. SPECIFICATIONS This design consists of a MCU, matrix keyboard, LCD display, and password storage component. The matrix keyboard allows you to enter the digital code and function implementations. Users enters a password through keyboard, the SCM system compares it with the stored password, and judges whether the password is correct. Then, the control system will give and output to the unlock circuit or alarm circuit control. The system consists of two parts, hardware and software. Our hardware part is comprised of eight components: power supply, keyboard, password storage, reset, crystal vibration, display, alarm, and unlock component. All the while, our software includes ten programs: main, initial, LCD display, keyboard scan, start, close, built function, password set, EEPROM read/write, and delay program.

1) Marketing Requirements a. The design should have excellent security. b. The design should have good compatibility and be easy to install. c. The design should have a low cost. d. The design should have low power consumption. e. The design should be reliable.

2) Specification

a. Operating Temperature: 20 to 40°C b. Operating Pressure: common pressure c. Humidity: 25% to 55% d. Force: common force e. Current: 50nA to 2 mA

Table 17 Project Specification

Objective Engineering Requirements Justification

c, d The design should not weigh more than 250 g (about 0.55 lbs.)

This is similar or lighter than existing products in the markets

b The design should have size of about 15 cm long and 8 cm wide.

This is the standard size which users prefer.

d, e The design should read currents from 50 nA to 2 mA.

The energy consumption of sensor is very low and the product will work normally under extreme situation.

c The design should cost around $80.

We consider this a fair price compromise between our users and the costs based on the user survey and our ideas.

a, e The design should be made by stainless steel. This makes our product strong and will avoid being damaged.

The specification in this table shows us how the system works and interacts with the user. The input and output are clearly indicated and each module works normally based on its functionality.

Table 18 Input and Output specification

Level Module Inputs Outputs Functionality

0 SCM System

Input signal voltage: 5V

Control signal determines lock/unlock

Dealing with input signal and output will be recognized with “1” or “0”, “1” means unlock, “0”means lock.

1 Infrared remote control lock

Infrared signal

Electric signal with “+” and “-“. Built-in siren Lock device

Lock or unlock and siren screech when necessary

2 Clock and Reset circuit

Infrared signal Voltage 5V

High and low level electric signal

Deal with input signal and send it to SCM system

D. OTHER DELIVERABLES We have made a clear plan and schedule to implement the project. In order to combine our original ideas with market requirement and users’ needs, we have conducted multiple surveys. Our research discovered that we can show our product in great detail but when doing so, we need to be conscious of our audience. Our descriptions need to be clear and specify in engineering language and also simple language when it is appropriate. Regardless of the audience, it is necessary to include how the product was built, how the functions were achieved, and how the system operates. To do this, we will provide the following deliverables:

1) A total completed report, which have figures and specifications. 2) A PowerPoint presentation to show the product, features, functions, purposes, and

specifications. 3) The end product display, including how to manufacture and how to operate it.

Our end product will be designed and made based on the features and functions previously mentioned. We believe that it will work with basic functions and innovative solutions. The report provides figures which will make it easier to understand the functions of the product.

XIX. PLAN OF ACTION

In the plan of action section, our team will demonstrate the responsibilities of each

teammate by dividing the work and assigning deadlines for each task of our project. Our team will prepare well for the whole project, but the meeting scheduling will as more compact as we can. Therefore, in order to determine the graphical depiction of the process, our team will analyze the distribution of the tasks using open workbench software, through the use of Gantt charts, which is shown at the end of the section. As a result, this software is important for our team to plan and complete every task that is associated with our project, since it can distribute the appropriate duration needed for each task. A suitable plan of action for every team member is critical to successfully complete the project.

It serves as a proposal to achieving our aim of completing our design. Utilizing this software, we will allocate the appropriate resources needed to accomplish our project goals. For this reason, we divided the project into several phases, tasks, and goals. Following the plan of action, we established a project timeline and individual work assignments. The work was also divided within the design and implementation processes, so that given tasks could lead to the completion of project milestones.  

A. Statement of Work (SOW)

Research is the fundamental base for our project, so before any design is created, all project modules and components should need to be analyzed. Materials and methods also should be studied, in order to create the final design. A project outline will be created to include software and product drawings.

1) Scope of Work

Our design is based on the principle of infrared remote control and microprocessor. Besides, the encoder and decoder built into software. Our project includes the SCM system (Mainly STC89C51 microcontroller minimum system), 4×4 Matrix keyboard, LCD display and alarm system. With the settings, it can modify the six-digit user password, Automatic alarm, Automatic Lock, Password error alarm and other functions. (P0 port to control the design of the LCD display, Password correctly display password ok！Password error display password error! For more than three times to enter the error automatically lock. The P1 port control keyboard matrix containing the number keys 0-9 and A-F function keys). Besides, our project also can be remote controlled by the infrared control device. The picture xxx is our software flow diagram.

The group was divided into three sub-teams:

Team 1: Yiming Huo and Xuefeng Li, who are in charge of the research.

Team 2: Shuo Qin and Jing Xiao, who are in charge of the programming.

Team 3: Xiaolun Zhang, who is in charge of the assembling and testing the product.

Figure 31 Flow Chart

2) Location of Work

Approximately seventy percent of the project will be completed on the Florida International University Engineering Campus; the remaining thirty percent will be done at our respective homes.

A portion of the device testing will take place in the Florida International University Electrical Engineering labs on the Engineering campus. So our equipment cost almost be 0 dollar.

3) Deliverables Schedule

The Senior Design I presentation is scheduled for December 10, 2015 

The Senior Design II final demonstration is scheduled for April 30, 2016.

B. Online Structure (WBS)

An outline structure of a project illustrates essential phases and tasks, to help team members identify crucial elements of the project and have a transparent understanding of the scope of the project including the roles of the individual team members. Critical elements of our project consist of the core microprocessor (STC89C51 microcontroller) and the remote infrared transmitter-receiver module. The following chart illustrates an outline of the infrared remote control lock project below:

Figure 32 Project Plan

1) Phase 1- Core Microprocessor

In the phase 1, we want to use the STC89C51 microcontroller as a core processor, and programming the microcontroller to sort and organize the data that is obtained as well as perform any necessary calculations.

a) Objective Utilize the STC89C51 microcontroller and write the appropriate software to crate a

multifunctional core for our project, and it can control the whole system such as saving and changing the password and opening or closing the lock, which can make our product more convenient.

b) Approach We will do some research to get more information about the STC89C51

microcontroller, and we will discuss with our mentor about our programming part and our circuit part.

c) Tasks This phase will consist of the following tasks:

1.1 Research the STC89C51 microcontroller functionality. 1.2 Research the STC89C51 microcontroller circuits. 1.3 Research the STC89C51 microcontroller programming. 1.4 Find the tutorials for the STC89C51 microcontroller. 1.5 Find the tutorials for writing the program for the microcontroller.

2) Phase 2- Infrared Receiver and Transmitter Module In the phase 2, it contains of the infrared receiver module and the infrared transmitter

module, which are the signal transmission and reception system and play an important role for the whole lock system.

a) Objective

The Infrared Transmitter can emit the signal to the main system, and the Infrared Receiver will receive that signal and Transmit to the core microprocessor.

b) Approach We will discuss with our mentor about the infrared receiver and transmitter devices,

and do some research to get the information.

c) Tasks This phase will consist of the following tasks:

2.1 Research the Infrared Receiver Module. 2.2 Research the Infrared Transmitter Module. 2.3 Research the Infrared Receiver Module circuit. 2.4 Research the Infrared Transmitter Module circuit. 2.5 Find the tutorials for Infrared Receiver Module. 2.6 Find the tutorials for Infrared Transmitter Module.

3) Phase 3- Input Module and Display Screen

In the phase 3, the Input Module contains of a 4*4 matrix keyboard. Besides, we will use a LCD screen, which can display the password and status of the system.

a) Objective The input keyboard will be a small size and lightweight for the clients can easy carry it.

The LCD screen can display the password and status of the system.

b) Approach We will research some other products that similar to our project, and find some benefit

for the design of the input keyboard and the LCD screen.

c) Tasks This phase will consist of the following tasks:

3.1 Research the design of Input Module. 3.2 Research the LCD circuit. 3.3 Research the Input keyboard circuit. 3.4 Find the tutorials for the LCD screen. 3.5 Find the tutorials for Input keyboard.

C. Project Milestones

Milestones are used as indicators of significant events in project development. They

require unique attention since they represent the success of a phase, and they provide a key piece of information for following progressive phases.

Several project phases or milestones are identified in order to progress with the project. Which consists of choosing a proposed project, researching core processor can control the whole system perfectly, researching infrared receiver and transmitter devices from

other similar projects, acquiring programming skills essential for the integrating process,. The final hardware will be tested in the lab. During the final phase of the project, the final product of this device will be introduced to our mentor.

D. Timeline

1) Phase1.1-1.5

Target date: 11/06/2015

Stretch date: 12/04/2015

2) Phase2.1-2.6

Target date: 12/08/2015

Stretch date: 01/09/2016

3) Phase3.1-3.5

Target date: 01/21/2016

Stretch date: 03/14/2016

E. Gantt chart and Pert Charts

The Gantt chart helps us estimate the start and finish dates of terminal and summarizes elements of our project. With it is graphical representation we can represent our team project with the developmental segments into phases and tasks with their corresponding starting date and ending date.

Table 19 Gantt chart for time line

Figure 33 Pert Chart

As a conclusion, our team divided our project into different phases, tasks, and milestones. The Open Workbench software helps us to use of the work down structure through tasks, milestones, and baselines that were set. In addition, the software allows us for scheduling our project plans with dependencies, assigning resources to tasks, scheduling work on tasks over a period time, and adjusting the schedule as actual work that is recorded. The software shows charts and diagrams that take into account tasks, constraints, dependencies, priorities, and resource constraints, generating the best method

for project completion.

Besides, if any task or phase is met early, we could change our tasks by using this software, which would give us a final complete budget. Using the Open Workbench software, a Gantt chart, a PERT chart, and a Budget were created automatically. Using the Gantt chart, we were able to schedule our phases and tasks accordingly. Taking into account the Gantt chart, we divided the group into three teams to complete the different phases. The PERT Chart produces the best path to implement our tasks, and Open Workbench produces PERT charts from the Gantt charts. The budget and its contents, such as lab space and equipment cost, will be discussed in depth in a later section.

XX.MULTIDISCIPLINARY ASPECTS

There are a lot of factors that influence the success of our project. One of these factors is the collective knowledge in electrical engineering. The core of the collective knowledge is multidisciplinary aspect of our team. Although most of us are not experienced engineer in solving all kinds of problems, we believe our collective knowledge can help us to complete our project and help us to learn how to find the solution. Our team consists of five electrical engineers, we all made concerted effort yet. It is desirable that we all work as a unified team and our variable knowledge and experience support us to pursue an outstanding end product. In this section, the multidisciplinary aspects of five electrical engineers will be presented. 1) Xuefeng Li Auto CAD Experience Skillful at Visual C++ Matlab Experience Control system Experience Open Workbench Experience Simulink and Multisim software Experience As the leader of the team, Xuefeng Li is proficient in Auto CAD and control system. He is also very skillful at the theory of the project and the examination of the product so he can pledge the function of our product work well and dispose the problem of building the circuit and assembling all parts of our project. 2) Yiming Huo Electrical circuit backgrounds Matlab skills AutoCAD Experience Proficient in Visual C++ Skillful at circuit processing software Yiming Huo is experienced in designing code lock. So he will help the team to design a code for the lock and handle the problems of how to change the password of the

lock and how to write a sic digit code for lock. Also, he can help to examine the circuit of the lock to make sure that everything goes well. 3) Jing Xiao Power system Experience Control system installation Proficient in Visual C++ Risk analysis Auto CAD Experience Analytical analysis Jing Xiao is good at analytical analysis, risk analysis and power system. He will make analysis for our project to make sure that we will reduce the risk of our product to minimum and he will assist the team to make the power part of our project work well. 4) Shuo Qin Proficient in Control system Circuit analysis Power system Experience Open workbench Experience Skillful at Visual C Products standard Shuo Qin is skillful at Visual C so he can help the team to finish the programming part of the project. Also he can design the circuit for the whole project and do the circuit analysis for the product. 5） Xiaolun Zhang Knowledge in Power system Communication Experience Skillful at making plan Market analysis Auto CAD Experience Efficiency Analysis Xiaolun Zhang is very skilled at making plan for the project and make schedule for the team to finish the product in time. Xiaolun Zhang is also very skillful at market analysis so he can ensure that our product has marketable. In conclusion, we are confident in our multidisciplinary aspects of knowledge and also confident in making an outstanding product. We believe the variable knowledge of us can help us to follow the time schedule to finish our project.

XXI.PERSONNEL

In this section, we are going to divide the task to everybody of the team in order to finish the project. To make this project successful, we analyzed their abilities which each member assigned in their resume. Their resumes include education background, which can make every member using their skills to improve our design. In our team, all of us

are studying electrical engineers and some related branches now. We think that these kinds of branches can help us a lot in designing our project, which include Electronics I&II, Controls Systems I&II, Communications System, Solid State Device, Logic Design and Computer Design.

XUEFENG LI

1599 SW 113TH AVE., Miami, Florida 33174 Cellular: (305) 487 – 2663 Email: [email protected]

EDUCATION High School diploma • Baoding no1. High school

Bachelor degree • Hebei University of Technology,

Tianjin, China Major: Electrical Engineering and Automation Bachelor degree • Florida International University,

Miami, Florida Major: Electrical and Electronics Engineering AREA EXPERIENCE • Visual C++ • Auto CAD • MATLAB • Simulink • Multism • Photoshop

Business Tools: Microsoft Office Suite (Excel, Word, Power Point) Open workbench WORK EXPERIENCE/ ASSOCIATIONS • Hebei University of Technology,

Tianjin, China • Background • Globalization • Ethical Considerations and Social

Impact RELEVANT COURSE WORK • Power Systems I • Control System • Electronics I & II • Signal and system • Fields and Wave • Communication System • Solid State Devices

Shuo Qin 120 sw 109th ave APT 23, Miami, Florida 33172

Cellular: (786) 620 – 7867 Email: [email protected] EDUCATION: High School diploma

• Yu Xin Middle School Bachelor degree

• North China Electric Power University, China.

Major: Electrical Engineering Bachelor degree

• Florida International University, Miami, Florida

Major: Electrical Engineering

AREA EXPERIENCE • Visual C • MATLAB • Auto CAD • Multism • Photoshop

Business Tools: Microsoft Office Suite (Excel, Word, Power Point) WORK EXPERIENCE/ ASSOCIATIONS

• North China Electric Power University, China.

• Member of the Students Union • Help other students learning

English. • Hold the New Year Evening

Party. RELEVANT COURSE WORK

• Power Systems I & II • Control Systems

• Electronics I & II • Communication Systems • Solid State Devices

Jing Xiao

II. 120 sw 109th ave, miami, Florida 33174 III. Phone: (786)606-6223 Email: [email protected]

EDUCATION: High School diploma

• ShaoDong no1. Middle school

Bachelor degree • North China Electrical

Power University, China Major: Electrical and Electronic Engineering Bachelor degree

• Florida International University, Miami, FL

Major: Electrical and Electronic Engineering

AREA EXPERIENCE: • Visual C++ • MATLAB • Simulink, Multism

• Photoshop Business Tools: Microsoft Office Suite (Excel, Word, Power Point)

WORK EXPERIENCE/ ASSOCIATIONS:

• North China Electrical Power University, BaoDing, China

• ShaoYang Cheng Guang Company

• Senior Design group RELEVANT COURSE WORK:

• Power Systems I, II • Control System • Electronics I, II • Digital Signal Processing • Solid State Devices

Yiming Huo

9650 Fontainebleau Blvd, Miami, Florida 33174 Cellular: (786) 303 – 7302 Email: [email protected]

Education High School diploma

• Shijiazhuang no2. Middle school Bachelor degree

• Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China

Major: Electrical Engineering and Automation

Bachelor degree • Florida International University,

Miami, Florida Major: Electrical and Electronic Engineering Area Experience

• Visual C++ • Auto CAD • MATLAB • Simulink, Multism • National Instrument

Business Tools: Microsoft Office Suite (Excel, Word, Power Point) Education Work/Association

• Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China

• Group Leader in Circuit lab • Help other students learning the

basic knowledge of circuit

Relevant Course Work • Power Systems I • Control Systems • Electronics I & II • Communication Systems • Solid State Devices • Field and waves • Computer design • Signal and system

Xiaolun Zhang 120st 109ave apt23. Miami, Florida 33174

Cellular: (786) 606 – 5380 Email: [email protected] Education: High School diploma Education:

• Shijiazhuang No.43. Middle school

Bachelor degree • North China Electric Power

University, Beijing, China • Florida International University,

Miami, Florida Major: Electrical Engineering Bachelor degree

• North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China

Major: Electrical Engineering Area Experience

• Visual C Relevant Course Work: • Auto CAD • MATLAB • Multism

Business Tools: Microsoft Office Suite (Excel, Word, Power Point)

Work Experience/Associations: • North China Electric Power

University, Beijing, China • Rapids Association • Action Director

Relevant Course Work: • Power Systems I, II. • Control Systems • Electronics II • Communication Systems • Solid State Device

XXII.BUDGET This section will demonstrate the cost associated with bringing this project to fruition. A detailed cost estimate was conducted and is demonstrated below. Our budget will ensure that resources are used properly and efficiently. The first table, below, displays labor and workspace cost. Based on our estimate, the total resources cost will be $1500. Aside from the labor and workspace, our estimate includes the cost of components, hardware, electronics, and tools. Some examples of these include circuit boards, diodes, key boards, Hand Soldering, etc. Based on our estimate, the total cost for components will be $150. When considered as a whole, the cost of resources and components needed for this project’s completion sums to approximately $1800; this is demonstrated in the table below.

Table 20 Gantt chart for budget

XXIII. RESULTS EVALUATION

In this section, we will focus on the results evaluation of end product. We already accomplish most part of our product and it can work with most functions based on our expected goal. But there are still some troubles we meet, this section will also state why we don’t finish yet. There are also modular concepts provided to ensure results match objectives, concepts, objectives, deliverables and specifications mentioned on the proposal. As described on the proposal, we are going to design an infrared remote control door lock, this lock is a multi-functional lock and it can be stable mounting on the door. you can open the lock with an infrared remote control or a password. At the same time, our product is safe and easy to use. The design should not weigh more than 250 g (about 0.55 lbs.) so that we can make sure this is almost similar to even lighter than the weight of products in the markets. The design should have size of about 15 cm length and 8 cm width because this is the standard size so that it is easy for users to accept. The design should read currents from 50 nA to 2 mA so that the energy consumption of sensor is very low, and the product will work normally under extreme situation. The design should cost around $80 as we consider it is a proper price which makes a balance between our users and the costs based on the user survey and our ideas. As well as the design should be made by stainless steel so that our product can be strong enough and will avoid being damaged. In case of the Micro Controller, STC89c51 is the most widespread used SMC and has superior adaptability and stability, so we used this SMC for our product. At the same time, we used LCD for the screen. ATT24C02 was considered for Password Storage. We have analyzed the most relevant standards that will relate to the successful implementation of our product and a detailed description of operating the standards in our product and achieving the expected standard compliance. The standardization organizations are aimed to formulate and accredit the standards. The most recognized organizations in our professions are the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE), National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), Underwriters Laboratories (UL), American National Standards Institute (ANSI) and International Organization for Standards (ISO). These reputable companies earn the trust of the people because they assure the products to be safe, reliable, and make sure the functions of the product according to the specifications of the standards complied in the product. In conclusion, we made a successful product which meet the excepted goal, and all parts walk on time. We did our best to make our product have common standards and good globalization. We believe our product will be accepted by the market.

XXIV. LIFE LONG LEARNING

When we made the decision to design an infrared remote control lock as our senior design project, we knew we were doing a great job. We all know nothing is more important than the Security of life and property, so our project are closely related to people's lives. We also understand that we should practice ourselves to adapt the fast changing of market, and we are supposed to think about the requirement of the market then adjusting our idea to meet them. Actually in this project, we want to make a functional remote control door lock because of the living examples happened to one member of our group. One of our team members, Li, shared his experience with us that his house was stolen when he was young, and it caused a lot of damage to the property. Li said that the thief easily opened the door of his house. He hopes that there is a lock which is strong enough to protect people’s house from being broken into. We come together with Li to design a lock and we believe it can make contribution to the security of house. We made a clear plan and schedule to implement our project, we will have a prefect prototype in this semester, next semester we will work more and begin to design our final product based on the prototype. Before next semester, we will have time to think about our idea and do more research on it. At the same time we will try to find new technology which can make our product stronger but will not increase the pressure of budget. We should prepare for developing any new technology that are available to our product. It is a chance to study new technique and participate in the creation. All of our team know the importance of life-long learning. The work we finished now is not the end, and the final product we will finish next semester will also not be the end. We all know the most important thing for us is developing an agile mind and extraordinary hands-on ability. We are confident that we will make a lot of progress after we finish both of our design by the end of next semester. All hard working and new knowledge we learned will benefit us a lot.

XXV. APPENDIX

A. Team contract

After discussion,our team member agree to follow the following conditions: 1. I agree to follow rules and guidelines that have been attained and established by the team in a “majority of votes”decision.

2. I will demonstrate great interest to participate in class, share my ideas and discuss them openly with other team members. 3. I am solely responsible for any assigned material by the team. I will submit my work on time and in good shape. 4. In case of an unforeseen absence it is my responsibility to promptly contact my team members and learn of any new material. An announced and anticipated absence is greatly appreciated. 5. I am not allowed to abandon my team under any circumstances.6. The team holds the right to release me after the third (3rd) warning (decided by majority of votes), I am thereof entitled to file an appeal to the class professor and request arbitration. 7. My performance is regularly reviewed and openly shared by the team. In case of a negative performance (decided by majority of votes) I will be issued a written warning. 8. Reason(s) to issue a warning may be but are not restricted by the following reasons: a. Unable to submit an assignment on time. b. Lack of team participation. c. Obscene and improper conduct. The signature of every team member: ________________________________________________________________________ Xuefeng Li Yiming Huo Jing Xiao Shuo Qin Xiaolun Zhang B.Intellectual Property Contract

Criteria for inventor ship being used for the senior design team, is the same criteria used in the US Case Law, Court Opinions & Decisions. This criteria states that an Inventor of a product is any person associated with the invention and designing process. This criteria will be distributed among all team members, as well as our mentor Dr. Gustavo Roig, since he will provide intellectual guidance.

Criteria for declaration of Inventorship being used for the senior design team, consists of a team member contributing a significant amount of intellectual work and ideas to the invention and designing process. Our mentor Dr. Gustavo Roig will be acknowledged with declaration of Inventorship through his intellectual input and mentoring. The invention spokesman will be the inventor representative of the invention. All the Co-Inventors will mutually decide who the Invention Spokesman will be for the invention. If a mutual decision cannot be made among the Co-Inventors, the Team Leader of the senior design team will act as the Invention Spokesman. The mechanism for the intellectual property decision making process, will be conducted by a team consensus and mutual agreement on what percentage of the intellectual property is distributed individually among the Inventors. This will be based on the amount of work and intellectual contribution provided by that respective Inventor. Profit that is generated during and after the project designing process, will be split among Inventors equally. Each inventor gains 20% of the profit.

XXVI Senior Design II Procedures Course Number: EEL 4920 Semester: Fall 2015 Reference Number: Faculty Name: Senior Design I Instructor’s Name: Dr.Gustavo.Roig Team Leader Name: Xuefeng Li PID:5462535 Major: Electrical Engineering Discipline/Specialization: Research and Theory

Phone Number: (305)487-2663 Other Member Information:

Name

PID

Major(e.g. Electrical,

Computer, Civil)

Discipline / Area of

Specialization (e.g.

Communications,

Powers,

Transportation)

Yiming Huo 5596507 Electrical Engineering Research and Theory

Xiaolun Zhang 5577546 Electrical Engineering Assembling and Testing

Shuo Qin 5576977 Electrical Engineering Programming Jing Xiao 5577719 Electrical Engineering Programming

Proposed Project A. Project Title: Infrared Remote Control Code Lock B. Design Specifications(Please List items)

1.Dimensions: At most 20cm*15cm*6cm (L*W*H)

2.Weight: At most 500g 3.Power Supply: Battery 4.Micro Controller: STC89c51 5.Screen: LCD 6.Password Storage: AT24C02 7.Operating Environment Wet: 25%-55% 8.Operating Environment Temperature 20degree－40degree 9.Working Life: More than 10years

C. Design Constraints. (Marketing, Economic, Durability, Safety, Ethics, Culture, Patents)

1 The Lock must fit any door. 2 The price must under 100dollars. 3 The life time must longer than 5years.

D. Project Evaluation/Testing Criteria

1. When we do the test, the key must be linked correctly, admin password must be valuable, that is mean when the user forgets password admin password can reset password.

2. When the password is entered correctly, the lock operating well. 3. Our locks need to work under different environments, different environments are normal hot

weather and cold weather. E. Initial research results. Analysis and synthesis, procedures to be pursued. Evaluation of alternate

solutions. At present, the parts we can determine are micro controller. Screen. Storage password. We have

different combinations for these three parts. Through concept development. We have the final result. Because the efficiency of this combination is the highest. Is also the most suitable for our project. We choose STC89c51 for micro controller. LCD for screen. AT24C02 for the password storage. On this basis. We make the part of the connection. STC89c51 has the lock program inside. We will first test the circuit board connection. If it runs well. We will carry out the physical connection. In the future. We will install the lock on doors. Let our project have a real lock function.

F. Multi-Disciplinary Areas Involved in the Project 

Our project mainly involved two subject areas. The Electrical engineering and Computer Engineering. We are all Electrical engineering. But we can study the computer engineering knowledge or find someone help us with the programing problems.

G. Team Assignments

Xuefeng Li: Research and Theory Yiming Huo: Research and Theory Xiaolun Zhang: Assembling and Testing Shuo Qin: Programming and Connection Jing Xiao: Programming and Connection

H. E-mail address and phone number and PID of ALL team members

Name PID Email Address Phone Number Xuefeng Li 5462535 [email protected] 305-487-2663 Yiming Huo 5596507 [email protected] 786-303-7302

Xiaolun Zhang 5577546 [email protected] 786-606-5380 Shuo Qin 5576977 [email protected] 786-620-7867 Jing Xiao 5577719 [email protected] 786-606-6223

PRINT SIGNATURE DATE Team Leader Xuefeng Li Team Member Yiming Huo Team Member Xiaolun Zhang Team Member Shuo Qin Team Member Jing Xiao

Senior Design I Coordinator

Mentor Dr.Gustavo.Roig

References [1] Tarantola, Andre. "August Smart Lock Review: A Great Lock That Moves With You." Gizmodo. N.p., 14 Oct. 2014. Web. 04 Nov. 2015. [2] Company, Lockstate. "RemoteLock 6i." RemoteLock. Geeks News Desk, 22 Aug. 2015. Web. 04 Nov. 2015. [3] Warehousedeals, Amazon. "ITouchless Bio-Matic Fingerprint Door Lock." N.p., 19 July 2004. Web. [4] “WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION.” World Trade Organization. N.p.,n.d. Web. 29 Mar. 2015.

please write a 6 pages include the table paper which title is "smart-mirror" with CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT A. Alternative Options 1) Advantages 2) Disadvantages

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