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Presentation prepared by:

Marilyn Shaw

University of Northern IA

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Ethics
Knowledge
Preparation
Self-Confidence

Use a variety of sources
Avoid using other’s language/ideas
Cite sources prior to quoting material
Always identify your sources
Give credit to creator of ideas

Managing Speech Anxiety

Speech Anxiety—a multisystem response that creates a combination of biochemical changes in the body in a communication situation. Fear of speaking before an audience.

Communication Apprehension—the most severe form of speech anxiety; an anxiety syndrome associated with either real or anticipated communication with another person or persons.

How do you feel when you are anxious?

Photo from chapter 10 page 256

Fear of
Physical unattractiveness
Social inadequacy
Criticism
Unknown
Conflicting emotions
Excitement from anticipation

Adapted from “A. Mulac and A.R. Sherman, “Behavior Assessment of Speech Anxiety,” Quarterly Journal of Speech 60,2 (April 1974): 138

rapid speech
monotone
mumbling
awkward pauses
hands in pockets
playing with hair
looking at floor or ceiling

tense, rigid
sloppy posture
swaying
dancing
leaning on podium
weight shifts
crossing legs

Speech Anxiety in Other Cultures

Treating Speech Anxiety
Systematic desensitization
Systematic technique designed to reduce the tenseness associated with anxiety

Vocal Aspects
Vocal Quality
Overall impression a speaker’s voice makes on his or her listeners.
Intelligibility
Vocal volume, distinctiveness of sound, clarity of pronunciation, articulation, and stress placed on delivery
Vocal Variety
Variations in rate, force, and pitch

Physical Aspects
Personal appearance
Body movement
Facial expressions
Eye contact

Kinesthetic

Touch

Experience

Take Apart

Reassemble

Auditory

Listen

Process

Visual

PowerPoint

Pictures

Graphics

Charts

Read and

Write

Comprehension

Aids should serve a need
Aids should be planned and adapted to the audience and the situation.
Aids should not dominate or take over the presentation.
Aids should look as professionally prepared as possible.
Aids should be practical—easy to prepare, use, and transport
Aids that are not original require documentation
Visuals should only contain one idea, etc.

Deciding When to Use PowerPoint or Prezi in Your Presentations
Be sure the presentational aid enhances your speech
Many in the business sector suggest a maximum of 10 slides in a 20-minute presentation.

Creating Effective PowerPoint or Prezi Presentations
Color
Type and Font Size
Displaying the Slide Show
Use of Graphics and Pictures
Use of Animation and Sound Effects
Number of Slides

Photo from chapter 10 page 272

Using Presentational Aids: Who’s Really in Control?
Remember a presentational aid is only a tool
Be prepared—Plan B
Practice Your Delivery
Practice, practice, practice
Begin with small segments
Try to practice in the room where you will deliver the presentation
Concentrate on what you are saying and to whom you are saying it
Be yourself